Growth factors are signaling molecules that play a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. They mediate their effects through various signaling pathways, ultimately leading to changes in gene expression and cellular functions.
Growth factors are essential for normal development, tissue repair, and maintenance of homeostasis in multicellular organisms. They are secreted by cells in response to specific stimuli and act on target cells by binding to their cell surface receptors.
Some well-known growth factors include epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF.
Dysregulation of growth factor signaling pathways can lead to various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and developmental disorders. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of growth factor signaling and exploring potential therapeutic targets within these pathways is crucial for the development of novel treatments for a wide range of diseases.
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