Pentosidine is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) and cross-linked substance with fluorescent properties. Pentosidine is present in various human tissues and can serve as a biomarker for diabetes, aging, uremia, protein accumulation damage, and non-enzymatic modification of long-lived proteins in the Maillard reaction. It aids in gaining a deeper understanding of the overall role of the Maillard reaction in aging and disease.
Human Pro Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor, PRO-BDNF ELISA Kit, E4070Hu
ProBDNF is the precursor of mature BDNF. During development, BDNF promotes the survival and differentiation of selected neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems, and participates in axonal growth, pathfinding and in the modulation of dendritic growth and morphology. Major regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity at adult synapses in many regions of the CNS. The versatility of BDNF is emphasized by its contribution to a range of adaptive neuronal responses including long-term potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD), certain forms of short-term synaptic plasticity, as well as homeostatic regulation of intrinsic neuronal excitability.
Human Phospholipase C, PLC ELISA Kit, E0788Hu
Phospholipase C releases diacylglycerol by cleaving the glycosylphosphatidylinositol. It has broad substrate specificity and its activity is influenced by metal ions and surfactants.
Human Phosphotylinosital 3 kinase, PI3K ELISA Kit, E0896Hu
Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-Tyr kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit to the plasma membrane. Necessary for the insulin-stimulated increase in glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in insulin-sensitive tissues.
Rat Prostaglandin E2, PG-E2 ELISA Kit, E0504Ra
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an extensively studied prostaglandin owing to its predominance in inflammation, cancer, atherosclerosis, autoimmune disease, and sepsis.
Human Prostaglandin D2, PGD2 ELISA Kit, E0989Hu
Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is one of the major PGs actively produced in the brain of various mammals. Prostaglandin D2 is one of the most potent endogenous sleep promoting substances. PGD2 plays a protective role by suppressing inflammation.
Human Proteoglycan, PG ELISA Kit, E1987Hu
Proteoglycan playing a role in cell proliferation and migration which stimulates endothelial cells motility during microvascular morphogenesis. May also inhibit neurite outgrowth and growth cone collapse during axon regeneration.
Rabbit platelet-derived growth factor, PDGF ELISA Kit, E0052Rb
The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family of heparin-binding growth factors consists of five known members, denoted PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, PDGF-AB, PDGF-CC and PDGF-DD. The mature and active form of these proteins, an anti-parallel disulfide-linked dimer of two 12-14 kDa polypeptide chains, is obtained through proteolytic processing of biologically inactive precursor proteins, which contain an N-terminal CUB domain and a PDGF/VEGF homologous domain. The PDGFs interact with two related protein tyrosine kinase receptors, PDGFR-alpha and PDGFR-beta, and are potent mitogens for a variety of cell types, including smooth muscle cells, connective tissue cells, bone and cartilage cells, and certain tumor cells. They play an important role in a number of biological processes, including hyperplasia, chemotaxis, embryonic neuron development, and respiratory tubules epithelial cell development. Mature PDGFs are stored in platelet alpha-granules and are released upon platelet activation. PDGF-AA, -AB, -BB and –CC signal primarily through the PDGF R alpha receptor, whereas PDGF-DD interacts almost exclusively with the PDGF R beta receptor.
Human Procalcitonin, PCT ELISA Kit, E0977Hu
Procalcitonin (PCT) is a 116 amino acid residue peptide with molecular weight of about 13 kDa. PCT itself has no known hormonal activity. PCT belongs to a group of related proteins including calcitonin gene-related peptides I and II, amylin, adrenomodulin and calcitonin (CAPA peptide family). PCT, like other peptides of CAPA family, appears from the common precursor pre-procalcitonin consisting of 141 amino acids by removal of 25 amino acids from the N-terminus. PCT undergoes successive cleavages to form three molecules: N-terminal fragment (55 a.a.), calcitonin (32 a.a.) and katacalcin (21 a.a.). Under normal metabolic conditions, PCT is only present in the C cells of the thyroid gland. In bacterial infection and sepsis, however, intact PCT is found in the blood and, more importantly, its level is related to the severity of bacterial sepsis. Today, PCT is considered to be one of the earliest and most specific markers of sepsis.
Rat Purkinje Cell Protein 4, PCP4 ELISA Kit, E1709Ra
Functions as a modulator of calcium-binding by calmodulin. Thereby, regulates calmodulin activity and the different processes it controls. For instance, may play a role in neuronal differentiation through activation of calmodulin-dependent kinase signaling pathways.