Urine Conditioning Buffer (UCB) is a urine DNA and RNA stabilizer enabling ambient temperature storage and transport. UCB can be added to any urine collection device and there is no need for refrigeration or specialized equipment. In addition to being a urine DNA and RNA stabilizer, UCB preserves the urine microbiome profile at the time of collection by inhibiting microbial growth and preserving nucleic acid integrity. Nucleic acid from urine samples stored in this DNA and RNA transport and storage medium can be isolated directly without reagent removal (compatible with most DNA and RNA purification kits).