SRF is a transcription factor that binds to the serum response element (SRE), a short sequence of dyad symmetry located 300 bp to the 5′ of the site of transcription initiation of some genes (such as FOS) (PubMed: 24732378). Together with MRTFA transcription coactivator, controls expression of genes regulating the cytoskeleton during development, morphogenesis and cell migration (PubMed: 12732141, PubMed: 19350017, PubMed: 24732378). The SRF-MRTFA complex activity responds to Rho GTPase-induced changes in cellular globular actin (G-actin) concentration, thereby coupling cytoskeletal gene expression to cytoskeletal dynamics (PubMed: 24732378). Required for cardiac differentiation and maturation (PubMed: 15169892).
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