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# Biolinkk

Innovation to support science

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://biolinkk.com/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Large Capacity Vertical Type Shaking Incubator – Double Door Double Layer](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/large-capacity-vertical-type-shaking-incubator-double-door-double-layer/)
- [BIOPREP® BP-525-HS Large Capacity High-Speed Refrigerated Centrifuge](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/bioprep-bp-525-hs-large-capacity-high-speed-refrigerated-centrifuge/)
- [LAMINAR AIR FLOW – HORIZONTAL BL-HTLP-068](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/laminar-air-flow-horizontal-bl-htlp-068/)
- [Vertical Refrigerated Shaking Incubator (BLLY-300 2 Layers)](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/vertical-refrigerated-shaking-incubator-blly-300-2-layers/)
- [Ultra-low temperature freezer (BL-UDF528)](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/ultra-low-temperature-freezer-bl-udf528/)
- [Ultra-low temperature freezer (BL-UDF858)](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/ultra-low-temperature-freezer-bl-udf858/)
- [BIOPREP® Plant Grow Cabinet – 1600 L (BP-PGC-1600)](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/bioprep-plant-grow-cabinet-1600-l-bp-pgc-1600/)
- [Other Polyclonal Antibodies](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/other-polyclonal-antibodies/) - Polyclonal Antibodies: Other Polyclonal Antibodies
- [Anti Viral](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anti-viral/) - Polyclonal Antibodies: Anti Viral
- [Anti Mouse Lymphocyte](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anti-mouse-lymphocyte/) - Monoclonal Antibodies: Anti Mouse Lymphocyte
- [Anti Mouse Cytokine](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anti-mouse-cytokine/) - Monoclonal Antibodies: Anti Mouse Cytokine
- [Anti Human Lymphocyte](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anti-human-lymphocyte/) - Monoclonal Antibodies: Anti Human Lymphocyte
- [Anti Human Enzyme](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anti-human-enzyme/) - Monoclonal Antibodies: Anti Human Enzyme
- [Anti Human Heat Shock Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anti-human-heat-shock-protein/) - Monoclonal Antibodies: Anti Human Heat Shock Protein
- [Anti Human Cytokine](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anti-human-cytokine/) - Monoclonal Antibodies: Anti Human Cytokine
- [Other Monoclonal Antibodies](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/other-monoclonal-antibodies/) - Monoclonal Antibodies: Other Monoclonal Antibodies
- [Anti Viral Monoclonal](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anti-viral-monoclonal/) - Monoclonal Antibodies: Anti Viral Monoclonal
- [Anti-GST Monoclonal](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anti-gst-monoclonal/) - Monoclonal Antibodies: Anti-GST Monoclonal
- [Aprotinin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/aprotinin/) - Natural Proteins: Aprotinin
- [Thrombin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/thrombin/) - Natural Proteins: Thrombin
- [Fibronectin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fibronectin/) - Natural Proteins: Fibronectin
- [Natural Coagulation Factors](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/natural-coagulation-factors/) - Natural Proteins: Natural Coagulation Factors
- [Avidin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/avidin/) - Natural Proteins: Avidin
- [Anti Coagulation Factors](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anti-coagulation-factors/) - Natural Proteins: Anti Coagulation Factors
- [Other Natural Proteins](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/other-natural-proteins/) - Natural Proteins: Other Natural Proteins
- [Transferrin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/transferrin-2/) - Natural Proteins: Transferrin
- [Allergy](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/allergy/) - Recombinant Protein: Allergy
- [Albumin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/albumin/) - Recombinant Protein: Albumin
- [Ag85](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ag85/) - Recombinant Protein: Ag85
- [ADP-Ribosylation Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/adp-ribosylation-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: ADP-Ribosylation Factor
- [Adaptor-Related Protein Complex](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/adaptor-related-protein-complex/) - Recombinant Protein: Adaptor-Related Protein Complex
- [Actin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/actin/) - Recombinant Protein: Actin
- [Anterior Gradient Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anterior-gradient-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Anterior Gradient Protein
- [Annexin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/annexin/) - Recombinant Protein: Annexin
- [Angiogenin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/angiogenin/) - Recombinant Protein: Angiogenin
- [Ankyrin Repeat Domain](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ankyrin-repeat-domain/) - Recombinant Protein: Ankyrin Repeat Domain
- [Anaplasma](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/anaplasma/) - Recombinant Protein: Anaplasma
- [Alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/alpha-2-hs-glycoprotein/) - Recombinant Protein: Alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein
- [B Cell Lymphoma](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/b-cell-lymphoma/) - Recombinant Protein: B Cell Lymphoma
- [Bartonella H.](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/bartonella-h/) - Recombinant Protein: Bartonella H.
- [Autophagy Related](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/autophagy-related/) - Recombinant Protein: Autophagy Related
- [ATPase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/atpase/) - Recombinant Protein: ATPase
- [ATP Synthase Mitochondrial](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/atp-synthase-mitochondrial/) - Recombinant Protein: ATP Synthase Mitochondrial
- [ASF1 Anti-Silencing Function 1](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/asf1-anti-silencing-function-1/) - Recombinant Protein: ASF1 Anti-Silencing Function 1
- [Bax](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/bax/) - Recombinant Protein: Bax
- [Basic Transcription Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/basic-transcription-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: Basic Transcription Factor
- [BATF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/batf/) - Recombinant Protein: BATF
- [Baculoviral IAP Repeat-Containing](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/baculoviral-iap-repeat-containing/) - Recombinant Protein: Baculoviral IAP Repeat-Containing
- [Babesia Microti](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/babesia-microti/) - Recombinant Protein: Babesia Microti
- [B9 Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/b9-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: B9 Protein
- [Bridging Integrator](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/bridging-integrator/) - Recombinant Protein: Bridging Integrator
- [Cadherin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cadherin/) - Recombinant Protein: Cadherin
- [Bromodomain Containing](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/bromodomain-containing/) - Recombinant Protein: Bromodomain Containing
- [Biglycan](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/biglycan/) - Recombinant Protein: Biglycan
- [BID](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/bid/) - Recombinant Protein: BID
- [Beta 2 Microglobulin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/beta-2-microglobulin/) - Recombinant Protein: Beta 2 Microglobulin
- [Calponin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/calponin/) - Recombinant Protein: Calponin
- [Calpain](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/calpain/) - Recombinant Protein: Calpain
- [Calmodulin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/calmodulin/) - Recombinant Protein: Calmodulin
- [Calcyphosine](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/calcyphosine/) - Recombinant Protein: Calcyphosine
- [Calcium Binding Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/calcium-binding-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Calcium Binding Protein
- [Calbindin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/calbindin/) - Recombinant Protein: Calbindin
- [CEA](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cea/) - Recombinant Protein: CEA
- [Capping Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/capping-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Capping Protein
- [Canopy FGF Signaling Regulator](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/canopy-fgf-signaling-regulator/) - Recombinant Protein: Canopy FGF Signaling Regulator
- [Candida Albicans](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/candida-albicans/) - Recombinant Protein: Candida Albicans
- [Calumenin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/calumenin/) - Recombinant Protein: Calumenin
- [Calreticulin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/calreticulin/) - Recombinant Protein: Calreticulin
- [Centrin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/centrin/) - Recombinant Protein: Centrin
- [Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cellular-retinoic-acid-binding-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein
- [Cell Division Cycle](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cell-division-cycle/) - Recombinant Protein: Cell Division Cycle
- [CCR4-NOT Transcription Complex](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ccr4-not-transcription-complex/) - Recombinant Protein: CCR4-NOT Transcription Complex
- [CEBP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cebp/) - Recombinant Protein: CEBP
- [Caspase Recruitment Domain Family](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/caspase-recruitment-domain-family/) - Recombinant Protein: Caspase Recruitment Domain Family
- [Chromogranin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/chromogranin/) - Recombinant Protein: Chromogranin
- [Chromobox](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/chromobox/) - Recombinant Protein: Chromobox
- [Chromatin Modifying Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/chromatin-modifying-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Chromatin Modifying Protein
- [Chloride Intracellular Channel](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/chloride-intracellular-channel/) - Recombinant Protein: Chloride Intracellular Channel
- [Charged Multivesicular Body Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/charged-multivesicular-body-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Charged Multivesicular Body Protein
- [Centromere Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/centromere-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Centromere Protein
- [Collagen](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/collagen/) - Recombinant Protein: Collagen
- [Coiled-Coil Domain](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/coiled-coil-domain/) - Recombinant Protein: Coiled-Coil Domain
- [Cofilin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cofilin/) - Recombinant Protein: Cofilin
- [Coagulation Factors](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/coagulation-factors/) - Recombinant Protein: Coagulation Factors
- [Clathrin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/clathrin/) - Recombinant Protein: Clathrin
- [Chromosome Open Reading Frame](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/chromosome-open-reading-frame/) - Recombinant Protein: Chromosome Open Reading Frame
- [C-type Lectin Domain](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/c-type-lectin-domain/) - Recombinant Protein: C-type Lectin Domain
- [Crystallin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/crystallin/) - Recombinant Protein: Crystallin
- [C-Reactive Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/c-reactive-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: C-Reactive Protein
- [COP9 Signalosome](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cop9-signalosome/) - Recombinant Protein: COP9 Signalosome
- [Complement Component](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/complement-component/) - Recombinant Protein: Complement Component
- [COMM Domain Containing](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/comm-domain-containing/) - Recombinant Protein: COMM Domain Containing
- [Cytohesin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cytohesin/) - Recombinant Protein: Cytohesin
- [Cytochrome](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cytochrome/) - Recombinant Protein: Cytochrome
- [Cysteine-Rich Secretory Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cysteine-rich-secretory-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Cysteine-Rich Secretory Protein
- [Cysteine-Rich](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cysteine-rich/) - Recombinant Protein: Cysteine-Rich
- [Cystatin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cystatin/) - Recombinant Protein: Cystatin
- [CUE Domain Containing](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cue-domain-containing/) - Recombinant Protein: CUE Domain Containing
- [Developmental Pluripotency Associated](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/developmental-pluripotency-associated/) - Recombinant Protein: Developmental Pluripotency Associated
- [Density Lipoprotein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/density-lipoprotein/) - Recombinant Protein: Density Lipoprotein
- [Decorin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/decorin/) - Recombinant Protein: Decorin
- [DEAD Box Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/dead-box-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: DEAD Box Protein
- [DCUN1D](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/dcun1d/) - Recombinant Protein: DCUN1D
- [Cytokeratin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cytokeratin/) - Recombinant Protein: Cytokeratin
- [Dysbindin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/dysbindin/) - Recombinant Protein: Dysbindin
- [Dynein Light Chain](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/dynein-light-chain/) - Recombinant Protein: Dynein Light Chain
- [Dynactin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/dynactin/) - Recombinant Protein: Dynactin
- [DNA-Damage Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/dna-damage-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: DNA-Damage Protein
- [DiGeorge Syndrome Critical Region](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/digeorge-syndrome-critical-region/) - Recombinant Protein: DiGeorge Syndrome Critical Region
- [Dickkopf-Related Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/dickkopf-related-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Dickkopf-Related Protein
- [Ephrin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ephrin/) - Recombinant Protein: Ephrin
- [EPH Receptor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/eph-receptor/) - Recombinant Protein: EPH Receptor
- [Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/endoplasmic-reticulum-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein
- [Endothelial Cell-Specific Molecule 1](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/endothelial-cell-specific-molecule-1/) - Recombinant Protein: Endothelial Cell-Specific Molecule 1
- [Elongator Acetyltransferase Complex](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/elongator-acetyltransferase-complex/) - Recombinant Protein: Elongator Acetyltransferase Complex
- [Ectodysplasin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ectodysplasin/) - Recombinant Protein: Ectodysplasin
- [Family with Sequence Similarity](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/family-with-sequence-similarity/) - Recombinant Protein: Family with Sequence Similarity
- [F-Box Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/f-box-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: F-Box Protein
- [FABP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fabp/) - Recombinant Protein: FABP
- [Exosome Component](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/exosome-component/) - Recombinant Protein: Exosome Component
- [Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/eukaryotic-translation-initiation-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor
- [ERCC](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ercc/) - Recombinant Protein: ERCC
- [Fragile Histidine Triad](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fragile-histidine-triad/) - Recombinant Protein: Fragile Histidine Triad
- [Four And A Half LIM](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/four-and-a-half-lim/) - Recombinant Protein: Four And A Half LIM
- [Folate Receptor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/folate-receptor/) - Recombinant Protein: Folate Receptor
- [Fibronectin Type III Domain Containing](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fibronectin-type-iii-domain-containing/) - Recombinant Protein: Fibronectin Type III Domain Containing
- [Fibrinogen](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fibrinogen/) - Recombinant Protein: Fibrinogen
- [Ferritin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ferritin/) - Recombinant Protein: Ferritin
- [GIPC PDZ Domain](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/gipc-pdz-domain/) - Recombinant Protein: GIPC PDZ Domain
- [General Transcription Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/general-transcription-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: General Transcription Factor
- [GDP Dissociation Inhibitor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/gdp-dissociation-inhibitor/) - Recombinant Protein: GDP Dissociation Inhibitor
- [Gastrokine](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/gastrokine/) - Recombinant Protein: Gastrokine
- [GABA(A) Receptor-Associated Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/gabaa-receptor-associated-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: GABA(A) Receptor-Associated Protein
- [G Antigen](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/g-antigen/) - Recombinant Protein: G Antigen
- [GTPase IMAP Family](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/gtpase-imap-family/) - Recombinant Protein: GTPase IMAP Family
- [Gremlin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/gremlin/) - Recombinant Protein: Gremlin
- [Glypican](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/glypican/) - Recombinant Protein: Glypican
- [Glycoprotein Nmb](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/glycoprotein-nmb/) - Recombinant Protein: Glycoprotein Nmb
- [Glycophorin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/glycophorin/) - Recombinant Protein: Glycophorin
- [Gliadin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/gliadin/) - Recombinant Protein: Gliadin
- [Hematological And Neurological Expressed](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hematological-and-neurological-expressed/) - Recombinant Protein: Hematological And Neurological Expressed
- [Heat Shock Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/heat-shock-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Heat Shock Protein
- [Haptoglobin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/haptoglobin/) - Recombinant Protein: Haptoglobin
- [Hairy and Enhancer of Split](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hairy-and-enhancer-of-split/) - Recombinant Protein: Hairy and Enhancer of Split
- [Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/guanine-nucleotide-binding-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Guanine Nucleotide Binding Protein
- [GTP-Binding Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/gtp-binding-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: GTP-Binding Protein
- [Homeobox](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/homeobox/) - Recombinant Protein: Homeobox
- [HINT](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hint/) - Recombinant Protein: HINT
- [High-Mobility Group](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/high-mobility-group/) - Recombinant Protein: High-Mobility Group
- [HNRNP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hnrnp/) - Recombinant Protein: HNRNP
- [Hemopexin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hemopexin/) - Recombinant Protein: Hemopexin
- [Hemoglobin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hemoglobin/) - Recombinant Protein: Hemoglobin
- [Inhibitor of Growth Family](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/inhibitor-of-growth-family/) - Recombinant Protein: Inhibitor of Growth Family
- [Inhibitor of DNA Binding](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/inhibitor-of-dna-binding/) - Recombinant Protein: Inhibitor of DNA Binding
- [IMPAD1](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/impad1/) - Recombinant Protein: IMPAD1
- [Ig Heavy Chain Constant Region](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ig-heavy-chain-constant-region/) - Recombinant Protein: Ig Heavy Chain Constant Region
- [Hypoxia-Inducible Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hypoxia-inducible-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: Hypoxia-Inducible Factor
- [Homer Homolog](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/homer-homolog/) - Recombinant Protein: Homer Homolog
- [Killer Cell Lectin-like Receptor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/killer-cell-lectin-like-receptor/) - Recombinant Protein: Killer Cell Lectin-like Receptor
- [Killer Cell](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/killer-cell/) - Recombinant Protein: Killer Cell
- [Junctional Adhesion Molecule](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/junctional-adhesion-molecule/) - Recombinant Protein: Junctional Adhesion Molecule
- [Karyopherin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/karyopherin/) - Recombinant Protein: Karyopherin
- [Intercellular Adhesion Molecule](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/intercellular-adhesion-molecule/) - Recombinant Protein: Intercellular Adhesion Molecule
- [Integrin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/integrin/) - Recombinant Protein: Integrin
- [Leukocyte-Associated Ig-Like Receptor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/leukocyte-associated-ig-like-receptor/) - Recombinant Protein: Leukocyte-Associated Ig-Like Receptor
- [Leukocyte Cell Derived Chemotaxin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/leukocyte-cell-derived-chemotaxin/) - Recombinant Protein: Leukocyte Cell Derived Chemotaxin
- [Left-Right Determination Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/left-right-determination-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: Left-Right Determination Factor
- [Lactoferrin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lactoferrin/) - Recombinant Protein: Lactoferrin
- [Kruppel-Like Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/kruppel-like-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: Kruppel-Like Factor
- [Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/kirsten-rat-sarcoma-viral-oncogene/) - Recombinant Protein: Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene
- [Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lysosomal-associated-membrane-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein
- [Lymphocyte Antigen](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lymphocyte-antigen/) - Recombinant Protein: Lymphocyte Antigen
- [Listeriolysin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/listeriolysin/) - Recombinant Protein: Listeriolysin
- [LRG1](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lrg1/) - Recombinant Protein: LRG1
- [LBP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lbp/) - Recombinant Protein: LBP
- [Melanoma Antigen Family ](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/melanoma-antigen-family/) - Recombinant Protein: Melanoma Antigen Family
- [LIN Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lin-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: LIN Protein
- [Mediator Complex](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mediator-complex/) - Recombinant Protein: Mediator Complex
- [Maltose Binding Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/maltose-binding-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Maltose Binding Protein
- [Mago-Nashi Homolog](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mago-nashi-homolog/) - Recombinant Protein: Mago-Nashi Homolog
- [HLA](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hla/) - Recombinant Protein: HLA
- [MAD2](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mad2/) - Recombinant Protein: MAD2
- [Microfibrillar Associated Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/microfibrillar-associated-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Microfibrillar Associated Protein
- [MHC class I chain-related gene](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mhc-class-i-chain-related-gene/) - Recombinant Protein: MHC class I chain-related gene
- [Methylmalonic Aciduria](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/methylmalonic-aciduria/) - Recombinant Protein: Methylmalonic Aciduria
- [Met Proto-Oncogene](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/met-proto-oncogene/) - Recombinant Protein: Met Proto-Oncogene
- [Member RAS Oncogene Family](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/member-ras-oncogene-family/) - Recombinant Protein: Member RAS Oncogene Family
- [Mesoderm Development Candidate](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mesoderm-development-candidate/) - Recombinant Protein: Mesoderm Development Candidate
- [Myelin Basic Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/myelin-basic-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Myelin Basic Protein
- [MOB1, Mps One Binder Kinase Activator](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mob1-mps-one-binder-kinase-activator/) - Recombinant Protein: MOB1, Mps One Binder Kinase Activator
- [Mortality Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mortality-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: Mortality Factor
- [Mitochondrial Transcription Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mitochondrial-transcription-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: Mitochondrial Transcription Factor
- [Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mitochondrial-ribosomal-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Mitochondrial Ribosomal Protein
- [Microtubule-Associated Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/microtubule-associated-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Microtubule-Associated Protein
- [NCK Adaptor Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nck-adaptor-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: NCK Adaptor Protein
- [NANOG](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nanog/) - Recombinant Protein: NANOG
- [Myxovirus](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/myxovirus/) - Recombinant Protein: Myxovirus
- [Myosin Light Chain](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/myosin-light-chain/) - Recombinant Protein: Myosin Light Chain
- [Myoglobin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/myoglobin/) - Recombinant Protein: Myoglobin
- [Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein/) - Recombinant Protein: Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
- [NHP2](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nhp2/) - Recombinant Protein: NHP2
- [NFKB Inhibitor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nfkb-inhibitor/) - Recombinant Protein: NFKB Inhibitor
- [Neutrophil Cytosolic Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/neutrophil-cytosolic-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: Neutrophil Cytosolic Factor
- [Neuronal Calcium Sensor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/neuronal-calcium-sensor/) - Recombinant Protein: Neuronal Calcium Sensor
- [NECTIN](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nectin/) - Recombinant Protein: NECTIN
- [Nescient Helix Loop Helix](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nescient-helix-loop-helix/) - Recombinant Protein: Nescient Helix Loop Helix
- [Nucleopurin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nucleopurin/) - Recombinant Protein: Nucleopurin
- [NPM](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/npm/) - Recombinant Protein: NPM
- [Nucleobindin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nucleobindin/) - Recombinant Protein: Nucleobindin
- [NTF2-like Export Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ntf2-like-export-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: NTF2-like Export Factor
- [Non-Metastatic Cells](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/non-metastatic-cells/) - Recombinant Protein: Non-Metastatic Cells
- [N-Myc Downstream Regulated](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/n-myc-downstream-regulated/) - Recombinant Protein: N-Myc Downstream Regulated
- [Peroxisomal Biogenesis ](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/peroxisomal-biogenesis/) - Recombinant Protein: Peroxisomal Biogenesis
- [Pentraxin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pentraxin-2/) - Recombinant Protein: Pentraxin
- [PDZ Domain Containing](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pdz-domain-containing-2/) - Recombinant Protein: PDZ Domain Containing
- [PCNA](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pcna-2/) - Recombinant Protein: PCNA
- [Parvalbumin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/parvalbumin-2/) - Recombinant Protein: Parvalbumin
- [Parkinson Disease Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/parkinson-disease-protein-2/) - Recombinant Protein: Parkinson Disease Protein
- [Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/peroxisomal-biogenesis-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factor
- [Pentraxin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pentraxin/) - Recombinant Protein: Pentraxin
- [PDZ Domain Containing](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pdz-domain-containing/) - Recombinant Protein: PDZ Domain Containing
- [PCNA](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pcna/) - Recombinant Protein: PCNA
- [Parvalbumin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/parvalbumin/) - Recombinant Protein: Parvalbumin
- [Parkinson Disease Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/parkinson-disease-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Parkinson Disease Protein
- [PIH1 Domain Containing](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pih1-domain-containing/) - Recombinant Protein: PIH1 Domain Containing
- [Phospholipid Scramblase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/phospholipid-scramblase/) - Recombinant Protein: Phospholipid Scramblase
- [PITPN](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pitpn/) - Recombinant Protein: PITPN
- [Phosphatase and Tensin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/phosphatase-and-tensin/) - Recombinant Protein: Phosphatase and Tensin
- [Phosducin-Like](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/phosducin-like/) - Recombinant Protein: Phosducin-Like
- [PHD Finger Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/phd-finger-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: PHD Finger Protein
- [Pregnancy Specific Beta-1-Glycoprotein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pregnancy-specific-beta-1-glycoprotein/) - Recombinant Protein: Pregnancy Specific Beta-1-Glycoprotein
- [Prefoldin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/prefoldin/) - Recombinant Protein: Prefoldin
- [POU Class](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pou-class/) - Recombinant Protein: POU Class
- [KCTD](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/kctd/) - Recombinant Protein: KCTD
- [Polymerase (RNA) (DNA directed) Polypeptide](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/polymerase-rna-dna-directed-polypeptide/) - Recombinant Protein: Polymerase (RNA) (DNA directed) Polypeptide
- [Pim Oncogene](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pim-oncogene/) - Recombinant Protein: Pim Oncogene
- [Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/proprotein-convertase-subtilisin-kexin/) - Recombinant Protein: Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin
- [Prohibitin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/prohibitin/) - Recombinant Protein: Prohibitin
- [Programmed Cell Death](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/programmed-cell-death/) - Recombinant Protein: Programmed Cell Death
- [Profilin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/profilin/) - Recombinant Protein: Profilin
- [Processing Of Precursor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/processing-of-precursor/) - Recombinant Protein: Processing Of Precursor
- [Prion Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/prion-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Prion Protein
- [RASSF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/rassf/) - Recombinant Protein: RASSF
- [RAD51](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/rad51/) - Recombinant Protein: RAD51
- [Prothymosin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/prothymosin/) - Recombinant Protein: Prothymosin
- [Protein-A, A/G & G](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/protein-a-a-g-g/) - Recombinant Protein: Protein-A, A/G & G
- [Protein Phosphatase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/protein-phosphatase/) - Recombinant Protein: Protein Phosphatase
- [Protein C-Ets](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/protein-c-ets/) - Recombinant Protein: Protein C-Ets
- [Related RAS Viral (r-ras) Oncogene](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/related-ras-viral-r-ras-oncogene/) - Recombinant Protein: Related RAS Viral (r-ras) Oncogene
- [Regulator of G-Protein Signaling](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/regulator-of-g-protein-signaling/) - Recombinant Protein: Regulator of G-Protein Signaling
- [Regenerating Islet-Derived](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/regenerating-islet-derived/) - Recombinant Protein: Regenerating Islet-Derived
- [Regulator of Calcineurin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/regulator-of-calcineurin/) - Recombinant Protein: Regulator of Calcineurin
- [Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/receptor-activity-modifying-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein
- [Ras-Related C3 Botulinum Toxin Substrate](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ras-related-c3-botulinum-toxin-substrate/) - Recombinant Protein: Ras-Related C3 Botulinum Toxin Substrate
- [Retinoic Acid Receptor Responder](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/retinoic-acid-receptor-responder/) - Recombinant Protein: Retinoic Acid Receptor Responder
- [Retinoic Acid Early Transcript](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/retinoic-acid-early-transcript/) - Recombinant Protein: Retinoic Acid Early Transcript
- [Retinoblastoma](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/retinoblastoma/) - Recombinant Protein: Retinoblastoma
- [Reticulocalbin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/reticulocalbin/) - Recombinant Protein: Reticulocalbin
- [Renin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/renin/) - Recombinant Protein: Renin
- [Relaxin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/relaxin/) - Recombinant Protein: Relaxin
- [R-Spondin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/r-spondin/) - Recombinant Protein: R-Spondin
- [RNA Binding Motif Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/rna-binding-motif-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: RNA Binding Motif Protein
- [Ring Finger Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ring-finger-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Ring Finger Protein
- [Ribosomal Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ribosomal-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Ribosomal Protein
- [Rho GDP Dissociation Inhibitor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/rho-gdp-dissociation-inhibitor/) - Recombinant Protein: Rho GDP Dissociation Inhibitor
- [Rho Family GTPase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/rho-family-gtpase/) - Recombinant Protein: Rho Family GTPase
- [Secretogranin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/secretogranin/) - Recombinant Protein: Secretogranin
- [Secretoglobin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/secretoglobin/) - Recombinant Protein: Secretoglobin
- [Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/secreted-frizzled-related-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein
- [Secretagogin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/secretagogin/) - Recombinant Protein: Secretagogin
- [Sclerostin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/sclerostin/) - Recombinant Protein: Sclerostin
- [RWD Domain Containing](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/rwd-domain-containing/) - Recombinant Protein: RWD Domain Containing
- [Serpin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/serpin/) - Recombinant Protein: Serpin
- [Serine Peptidase Inhibitor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/serine-peptidase-inhibitor/) - Recombinant Protein: Serine Peptidase Inhibitor
- [Serglycin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/serglycin/) - Recombinant Protein: Serglycin
- [Septin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/septin/) - Recombinant Protein: Septin
- [Selenoprotein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/selenoprotein/) - Recombinant Protein: Selenoprotein
- [Selectin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/selectin/) - Recombinant Protein: Selectin
- [Signal Sequence Receptor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/signal-sequence-receptor/) - Recombinant Protein: Signal Sequence Receptor
- [Signal Recognition Particle](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/signal-recognition-particle/) - Recombinant Protein: Signal Recognition Particle
- [SIGLEC](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/siglec/) - Recombinant Protein: SIGLEC
- [SH3 Domain](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/sh3-domain/) - Recombinant Protein: SH3 Domain
- [SH2 Domain](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/sh2-domain/) - Recombinant Protein: SH2 Domain
- [SERTA Domain Containing](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/serta-domain-containing/) - Recombinant Protein: SERTA Domain Containing
- [SLAM Family](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/slam-family/) - Recombinant Protein: SLAM Family
- [SMAD](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/smad/) - Recombinant Protein: SMAD
- [SIX Homeobox](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/six-homeobox/) - Recombinant Protein: SIX Homeobox
- [Sirtuin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/sirtuin/) - Recombinant Protein: Sirtuin
- [Single-Stranded DNA Binding Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/single-stranded-dna-binding-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Single-Stranded DNA Binding Protein
- [Signal-Regulatory Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/signal-regulatory-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Signal-Regulatory Protein
- [sRAGE](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/srage/) - Recombinant Protein: sRAGE
- [SPSB](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/spsb/) - Recombinant Protein: SPSB
- [RAN Binding Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ran-binding-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: RAN Binding Protein
- [Sorting Nexin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/sorting-nexin/) - Recombinant Protein: Sorting Nexin
- [Solute Carrier Family](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/solute-carrier-family/) - Recombinant Protein: Solute Carrier Family
- [SNRP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/snrp/) - Recombinant Protein: SNRP
- [SDHAF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/sdhaf/) - Recombinant Protein: SDHAF
- [STIP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/stip/) - Recombinant Protein: STIP
- [Streptavidin Proteins](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/streptavidin-proteins/) - Recombinant Protein: Streptavidin Proteins
- [Stathmin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/stathmin/) - Recombinant Protein: Stathmin
- [SRY (Sex Determining Region Y)-Box](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/sry-sex-determining-region-y-box/) - Recombinant Protein: SRY (Sex Determining Region Y)-Box
- [SPARC](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/sparc/) - Recombinant Protein: SPARC
- [Syndecan](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/syndecan/) - Recombinant Protein: Syndecan
- [Synaptotagmin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/synaptotagmin/) - Recombinant Protein: Synaptotagmin
- [Synaptosomal Associated Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/synaptosomal-associated-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Synaptosomal Associated Protein
- [Synaptobrevin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/synaptobrevin/) - Recombinant Protein: Synaptobrevin
- [Surfeit](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/surfeit/) - Recombinant Protein: Surfeit
- [Superoxide Dismutase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/superoxide-dismutase/) - Recombinant Protein: Superoxide Dismutase
- [TBC1 Domain Family](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tbc1-domain-family/) - Recombinant Protein: TBC1 Domain Family
- [TAR DNA](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tar-dna/) - Recombinant Protein: TAR DNA
- [Tachykinin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tachykinin/) - Recombinant Protein: Tachykinin
- [Synuclein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/synuclein/) - Recombinant Protein: Synuclein
- [Syntaxin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/syntaxin/) - Recombinant Protein: Syntaxin
- [Synovial Sarcoma, X Breakpoint](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/synovial-sarcoma-x-breakpoint/) - Recombinant Protein: Synovial Sarcoma, X Breakpoint
- [TIGAR](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tigar/) - Recombinant Protein: TIGAR
- [Thioredoxin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/thioredoxin/) - Recombinant Protein: Thioredoxin
- [THAP Domain](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/thap-domain/) - Recombinant Protein: THAP Domain
- [Toll Like Receptor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/toll-like-receptor/) - Recombinant Protein: Toll Like Receptor
- [TTC](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ttc/) - Recombinant Protein: TTC
- [TCL](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tcl/) - Recombinant Protein: TCL
- [Transforming Growth Factor Beta Induced](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/transforming-growth-factor-beta-induced/) - Recombinant Protein: Transforming Growth Factor Beta Induced
- [Transferrin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/transferrin/) - Recombinant Protein: Transferrin
- [Transcription Elongation Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/transcription-elongation-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: Transcription Elongation Factor
- [Trafficking Protein Particle Complex](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/trafficking-protein-particle-complex/) - Recombinant Protein: Trafficking Protein Particle Complex
- [TNF receptor-Associated Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tnf-receptor-associated-factor/) - Recombinant Protein: TNF receptor-Associated Factor
- [Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tissue-factor-pathway-inhibitor/) - Recombinant Protein: Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor
- [Tropomyosin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tropomyosin/) - Recombinant Protein: Tropomyosin
- [Tripartite Motif](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tripartite-motif/) - Recombinant Protein: Tripartite Motif
- [Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/triggering-receptor-expressed-on-myeloid-cells/) - Recombinant Protein: Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells
- [Troponin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/troponin/) - Recombinant Protein: Troponin
- [Translocase Of Outer Mitochondrial Membrane](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/translocase-of-outer-mitochondrial-membrane/) - Recombinant Protein: Translocase Of Outer Mitochondrial Membrane
- [Transgelin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/transgelin/) - Recombinant Protein: Transgelin
- [Ubiquinol-Cytochrome C Reductase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ubiquinol-cytochrome-c-reductase/) - Recombinant Protein: Ubiquinol-Cytochrome C Reductase
- [Tubulin Gamma](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tubulin-gamma/) - Recombinant Protein: Tubulin Gamma
- [U6 Small Nuclear RNA](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/u6-small-nuclear-rna/) - Recombinant Protein: U6 Small Nuclear RNA
- [Tubulin Folding Cofactor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tubulin-folding-cofactor/) - Recombinant Protein: Tubulin Folding Cofactor
- [Trypsin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/trypsin/) - Recombinant Protein: Trypsin
- [TROVE Domain Family](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/trove-domain-family/) - Recombinant Protein: TROVE Domain Family
- [Vascular cell adhesion molecule](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/vascular-cell-adhesion-molecule/) - Recombinant Protein: Vascular cell adhesion molecule
- [Vacuolar Protein Sorting](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/vacuolar-protein-sorting/) - Recombinant Protein: Vacuolar Protein Sorting
- [Uroplakin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/uroplakin/) - Recombinant Protein: Uroplakin
- [UL16 binding protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ul16-binding-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: UL16 binding protein
- [UCHL1](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/uchl1/) - Recombinant Protein: UCHL1
- [Ubiquitin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ubiquitin/) - Recombinant Protein: Ubiquitin
- [WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/wap-four-disulfide-core-domain/) - Recombinant Protein: WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain
- [V-ral Simian Leukemia Viral Oncogene](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/v-ral-simian-leukemia-viral-oncogene/) - Recombinant Protein: V-ral Simian Leukemia Viral Oncogene
- [MAF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/maf/) - Recombinant Protein: MAF
- [Visinin-Like Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/visinin-like-protein/) - Recombinant Protein: Visinin-Like Protein
- [Vimentin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/vimentin/) - Recombinant Protein: Vimentin
- [V-crk Sarcoma Virus CT10](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/v-crk-sarcoma-virus-ct10/) - Recombinant Protein: V-crk Sarcoma Virus CT10
- [Zinc Finger](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/zinc-finger/) - Recombinant Protein: Zinc Finger
- [Y. Enterocolitica](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/y-enterocolitica/) - Recombinant Protein: Y. Enterocolitica
- [Cytomegalo](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cytomegalo/) - Viral Antigens: Cytomegalo
- [Chlamydia](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/chlamydia/) - Viral Antigens: Chlamydia
- [Chikungunya](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/chikungunya/) - Viral Antigens: Chikungunya
- [Chagas](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/chagas/) - Viral Antigens: Chagas
- [Borrelia](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/borrelia/) - Viral Antigens: Borrelia
- [ASFV](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/asfv/) - Viral Antigens: ASFV
- [Hantavirus](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hantavirus/) - Viral Antigens: Hantavirus
- [Feline Leukemia Virus](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/feline-leukemia-virus/) - Viral Antigens: Feline Leukemia Virus
- [Encephalitis](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/encephalitis/) - Viral Antigens: Encephalitis
- [EBV](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ebv/) - Viral Antigens: EBV
- [Ebola](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ebola/) - Viral Antigens: Ebola
- [Dengue](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/dengue/) - Viral Antigens: Dengue
- [Hepatitis E](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hepatitis-e/) - Viral Antigens: Hepatitis E
- [Hepatitis D](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hepatitis-d/) - Viral Antigens: Hepatitis D
- [Hepatitis C](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hepatitis-c/) - Viral Antigens: Hepatitis C
- [Hepatitis B](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hepatitis-b/) - Viral Antigens: Hepatitis B
- [Hepatitis A](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hepatitis-a/) - Viral Antigens: Hepatitis A
- [HBsAg](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hbsag/) - Viral Antigens: HBsAg
- [Influenza](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/influenza/) - Viral Antigens: Influenza
- [HTLV](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/htlv/) - Viral Antigens: HTLV
- [HIV](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hiv/) - Viral Antigens: HIV
- [HERV-K](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/herv-k/) - Viral Antigens: HERV-K
- [Helicobacter Pylori](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/helicobacter-pylori/) - Viral Antigens: Helicobacter Pylori
- [Herpes](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/herpes/) - Viral Antigens: Herpes
- [Papillomavirus](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/papillomavirus/) - Viral Antigens: Papillomavirus
- [Norovirus](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/norovirus/) - Viral Antigens: Norovirus
- [Mycoplasma](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mycoplasma/) - Viral Antigens: Mycoplasma
- [Mumps](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mumps/) - Viral Antigens: Mumps
- [Malaria](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/malaria/) - Viral Antigens: Malaria
- [Lassa](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lassa/) - Viral Antigens: Lassa
- [Shiga Like Toxin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/shiga-like-toxin/) - Viral Antigens: Shiga Like Toxin
- [SARS](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/sars/) - Viral Antigens: SARS
- [RSV](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/rsv/) - Viral Antigens: RSV
- [Monkeypox](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/monkeypox/) - Viral Antigens: Monkeypox
- [Parvovirus](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/parvovirus/) - Viral Antigens: Parvovirus
- [Rubella](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/rubella/) - Viral Antigens: Rubella
- [West Nile](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/west-nile/) - Viral Antigens: West Nile
- [Varicella](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/varicella/) - Viral Antigens: Varicella
- [S. Typhi](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/s-typhi/) - Viral Antigens: S. Typhi
- [Treponema](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/treponema/) - Viral Antigens: Treponema
- [Toxoplasma](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/toxoplasma/) - Viral Antigens: Toxoplasma
- [Oropouche](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/oropouche/) - Viral Antigens: Oropouche
- [Zika](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/zika/) - Viral Antigens: Zika
- [Yellow Fever](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/yellow-fever/) - Viral Antigens: Yellow Fever
- [Alkaline Phosphatase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/alkaline-phosphatase/) - Enzyme: Alkaline Phosphatase
- [Aldolase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/aldolase/) - Enzyme: Aldolase
- [AHCY](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ahcy/) - Enzyme: AHCY
- [Adenylate Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/adenylate-kinase/) - Enzyme: Adenylate Kinase
- [Activating Transcription Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/activating-transcription-factor/) - Enzyme: Activating Transcription Factor
- [ACE2](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ace2/) - Enzyme: ACE2
- [Carbonic Anhydrase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/carbonic-anhydrase/) - Enzyme: Carbonic Anhydrase
- [Calcium and Integrin Binding](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/calcium-and-integrin-binding/) - Enzyme: Calcium and Integrin Binding
- [Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/calcium-calmodulin-dependent-protein-kinase/) - Enzyme: Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase
- [Beta Lactamase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/beta-lactamase/) - Enzyme: Beta Lactamase
- [Asparaginase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/asparaginase/) - Enzyme: Asparaginase
- [Aurora Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/aurora-kinase/) - Enzyme: Aurora Kinase
- [Cyclin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cyclin/) - Enzyme: Cyclin
- [Cyclin-Dependent Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cyclin-dependent-kinase/) - Enzyme: Cyclin-Dependent Kinase
- [Creatine Kinases](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/creatine-kinases/) - Enzyme: Creatine Kinases
- [Cathepsin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cathepsin/) - Enzyme: Cathepsin
- [Chitinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/chitinase/) - Enzyme: Chitinase
- [Casein Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/casein-kinase/) - Enzyme: Casein Kinase
- [DNA Polymerase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/dna-polymerase/) - Enzyme: DNA Polymerase
- [Discoidin Domain Receptor Tyrosine Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/discoidin-domain-receptor-tyrosine-kinase/) - Enzyme: Discoidin Domain Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
- [Dehydrogenase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/dehydrogenase/) - Enzyme: Dehydrogenase
- [Decarboxylase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/decarboxylase/) - Enzyme: Decarboxylase
- [Deaminase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/deaminase/) - Enzyme: Deaminase
- [Cyclophilin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cyclophilin/) - Enzyme: Cyclophilin
- [Esterase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/esterase/) - Enzyme: Esterase
- [Epimerase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/epimerase/) - Enzyme: Epimerase
- [Enterokinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/enterokinase/) - Enzyme: Enterokinase
- [Enolase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/enolase/) - Enzyme: Enolase
- [Endonuclease](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/endonuclease/) - Enzyme: Endonuclease
- [EGF Receptor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/egf-receptor/) - Enzyme: EGF Receptor
- [Gluteradoxin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/gluteradoxin/) - Enzyme: Gluteradoxin
- [Glucosidase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/glucosidase/) - Enzyme: Glucosidase
- [Galactosidase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/galactosidase/) - Enzyme: Galactosidase
- [Fructosamine 3 Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fructosamine-3-kinase/) - Enzyme: Fructosamine 3 Kinase
- [FK506 Binding Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fk506-binding-protein/) - Enzyme: FK506 Binding Protein
- [FGF Receptors](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fgf-receptors/) - Enzyme: FGF Receptors
- [Hexokinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hexokinase/) - Enzyme: Hexokinase
- [Guanylate Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/guanylate-kinase/) - Enzyme: Guanylate Kinase
- [Granzyme](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/granzyme/) - Enzyme: Granzyme
- [Glyoxalase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/glyoxalase/) - Enzyme: Glyoxalase
- [Glycosylase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/glycosylase/) - Enzyme: Glycosylase
- [Glycogen synthase kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/glycogen-synthase-kinase/) - Enzyme: Glycogen synthase kinase
- [Isomerase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/isomerase/) - Enzyme: Isomerase
- [Hydroxylase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hydroxylase/) - Enzyme: Hydroxylase
- [Hydrolase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hydrolase/) - Enzyme: Hydrolase
- [Hydratase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hydratase/) - Enzyme: Hydratase
- [Heparanase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/heparanase/) - Enzyme: Heparanase
- [Histone Deacetylase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/histone-deacetylase/) - Enzyme: Histone Deacetylase
- [Lipocalin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lipocalin/) - Enzyme: Lipocalin
- [Lipase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lipase/) - Enzyme: Lipase
- [Ligase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ligase/) - Enzyme: Ligase
- [Kallikrein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/kallikrein/) - Enzyme: Kallikrein
- [Jun Proto-Oncogene](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/jun-proto-oncogene/) - Enzyme: Jun Proto-Oncogene
- [Jun N-terminal Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/jun-n-terminal-kinase/) - Enzyme: Jun N-terminal Kinase
- [Mutase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mutase/) - Enzyme: Mutase
- [TIMP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/timp/) - Enzyme: TIMP
- [Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mitogen-activated-protein-kinase/) - Enzyme: Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase
- [MMP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mmp/) - Enzyme: MMP
- [LYVE1](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lyve1/) - Enzyme: LYVE1
- [Lyase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lyase/) - Enzyme: Lyase
- [Oxygenase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/oxygenase/) - Enzyme: Oxygenase
- [Oxidase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/oxidase/) - Enzyme: Oxidase
- [Nudix Type Motif](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nudix-type-motif/) - Enzyme: Nudix Type Motif
- [Nucleotidase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nucleotidase/) - Enzyme: Nucleotidase
- [Nuclease](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nuclease/) - Enzyme: Nuclease
- [Natural Enzymes](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/natural-enzymes/) - Enzyme: Natural Enzymes
- [PPARG](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pparg/) - Enzyme: PPARG
- [Phosphatase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/phosphatase/) - Enzyme: Phosphatase
- [Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/protein-tyrosine-phosphatase/) - Enzyme: Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase
- [Peroxiredoxin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/peroxiredoxin/) - Enzyme: Peroxiredoxin
- [Peptidase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/peptidase/) - Enzyme: Peptidase
- [Paraoxonase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/paraoxonase/) - Enzyme: Paraoxonase
- [Protein Kinase-A](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/protein-kinase-a/) - Enzyme: Protein Kinase-A
- [Proteasome](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/proteasome/) - Enzyme: Proteasome
- [Polymerase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/polymerase/) - Enzyme: Polymerase
- [Protease](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/protease/) - Enzyme: Protease
- [Phosphorylase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/phosphorylase/) - Enzyme: Phosphorylase
- [PI3-kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pi3-kinase/) - Enzyme: PI3-kinase
- [Serine Threonine Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/serine-threonine-kinase/) - Enzyme: Serine Threonine Kinase
- [Secreted Phospholipase A2](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/secreted-phospholipase-a2/) - Enzyme: Secreted Phospholipase A2
- [Reductase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/reductase/) - Enzyme: Reductase
- [Protein Kinases](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/protein-kinases/) - Enzyme: Protein Kinases
- [Protein Kinase Akt1/PKB alpha](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/protein-kinase-akt1-pkb-alpha/) - Enzyme: Protein Kinase Akt1/PKB alpha
- [Protein Kinase-C](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/protein-kinase-c/) - Enzyme: Protein Kinase-C
- [TGFBR](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tgfbr/) - Enzyme: TGFBR
- [TPA](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tpa/) - Enzyme: TPA
- [TIE1,TIE2](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tie1tie2/) - Enzyme: TIE1,TIE2
- [Synthetase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/synthetase/) - Enzyme: Synthetase
- [Synthase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/synthase/) - Enzyme: Synthase
- [Sulfatase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/sulfatase/) - Enzyme: Sulfatase
- [Uromodulin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/uromodulin/) - Enzyme: Uromodulin
- [Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ubiquitin-conjugating-enzyme/) - Enzyme: Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme
- [Tyrosine Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tyrosine-kinase/) - Enzyme: Tyrosine Kinase
- [TGM2](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tgm2/) - Enzyme: TGM2
- [Transferase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/transferase/) - Enzyme: Transferase
- [Transaminase](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/transaminase/) - Enzyme: Transaminase
- [Other Enzymes](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/other-enzymes/) - Enzyme: Other Enzymes
- [VEGF Receptors](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/vegf-receptors/) - Enzyme: VEGF Receptors
- [HCG](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hcg/) - Hormones: HCG
- [Glucagon](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/glucagon/) - Hormones: Glucagon
- [GLP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/glp/) - Hormones: GLP
- [GHRP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ghrp/) - Hormones: GHRP
- [FSH](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fsh/) - Hormones: FSH
- [Exendin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/exendin/) - Hormones: Exendin
- [PTH](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pth/) - Hormones: PTH
- [Procalcitonin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/procalcitonin/) - Hormones: Procalcitonin
- [Peptide Hormones](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/peptide-hormones/) - Hormones: Peptide Hormones
- [Melanotan](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/melanotan/) - Hormones: Melanotan
- [LHRH](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lhrh/) - Hormones: LHRH
- [Inhibin A](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/inhibin-a/) - Hormones: Inhibin A
- [TSH](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tsh/) - Hormones: TSH
- [Other Hormones](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/other-hormones/) - Hormones: Other Hormones
- [Thyrostimulin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/thyrostimulin/) - Hormones: Thyrostimulin
- [Thymosin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/thymosin/) - Hormones: Thymosin
- [Stanniocalcin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/stanniocalcin/) - Hormones: Stanniocalcin
- [MANF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/manf/) - Neurotrophin: MANF
- [Glia Maturation Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/glia-maturation-factor/) - Neurotrophin: Glia Maturation Factor
- [GDNF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/gdnf/) - Neurotrophin: GDNF
- [CDNF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cdnf/) - Neurotrophin: CDNF
- [CNTF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cntf/) - Neurotrophin: CNTF
- [Beta-NGF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/beta-ngf/) - Neurotrophin: Beta-NGF
- [Neurotrophic factors](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/neurotrophic-factors/) - Neurotrophin: Neurotrophic factors
- [Neuropilin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/neuropilin/) - Neurotrophin: Neuropilin
- [Neuroglobin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/neuroglobin/) - Neurotrophin: Neuroglobin
- [Neuritin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/neuritin/) - Neurotrophin: Neuritin
- [Neuregulin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/neuregulin/) - Neurotrophin: Neuregulin
- [Midkine](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/midkine/) - Neurotrophin: Midkine
- [Other Neurotrophins](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/other-neurotrophins/) - Neurotrophin: Other Neurotrophins
- [Pleiotrophin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pleiotrophin/) - Neurotrophin: Pleiotrophin
- [Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pigment-epithelium-derived-factor/) - Neurotrophin: Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
- [Persephin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/persephin/) - Neurotrophin: Persephin
- [CD226](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd226/) - CD Antigens: CD226
- [CD207](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd207/) - CD Antigens: CD207
- [CD204](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd204/) - CD Antigens: CD204
- [CD200](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd200/) - CD Antigens: CD200
- [CD2](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd2/) - CD Antigens: CD2
- [CD14](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd14/) - CD Antigens: CD14
- [CD3](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd3/) - CD Antigens: CD3
- [CD247](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd247/) - CD Antigens: CD247
- [CD274](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd274/) - CD Antigens: CD274
- [CD23](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd23/) - CD Antigens: CD23
- [CD27](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd27/) - CD Antigens: CD27
- [CD244](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd244/) - CD Antigens: CD244
- [CD40](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd40/) - CD Antigens: CD40
- [CD4](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd4/) - CD Antigens: CD4
- [CD36](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd36/) - CD Antigens: CD36
- [CD34](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd34/) - CD Antigens: CD34
- [CD300](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd300/) - CD Antigens: CD300
- [CD33](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd33/) - CD Antigens: CD33
- [CD68](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd68/) - CD Antigens: CD68
- [CD5L](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd5l/) - CD Antigens: CD5L
- [CD8B](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd8b/) - CD Antigens: CD8B
- [CD5](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd5/) - CD Antigens: CD5
- [CD47](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd47/) - CD Antigens: CD47
- [CD46](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd46/) - CD Antigens: CD46
- [CD80](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd80/) - CD Antigens: CD80
- [CD74](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd74/) - CD Antigens: CD74
- [CD58](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd58/) - CD Antigens: CD58
- [CD73](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd73/) - CD Antigens: CD73
- [CD7](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd7/) - CD Antigens: CD7
- [CD55](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd55/) - CD Antigens: CD55
- [CD164](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd164/) - CD Antigens: CD164
- [Fc Fragment of IgG Receptor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fc-fragment-of-igg-receptor/) - CD Antigens: Fc Fragment of IgG Receptor
- [CD99](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd99/) - CD Antigens: CD99
- [CD84](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd84/) - CD Antigens: CD84
- [CD93](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd93/) - CD Antigens: CD93
- [CD79](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cd79/) - CD Antigens: CD79
- [Other CD Antigens](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/other-cd-antigens/) - CD Antigens: Other CD Antigens
- [sCD40L](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/scd40l/) - CD Antigens: sCD40L
- [CXCL6](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cxcl6/) - Chemokine: CXCL6
- [CXCL17](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cxcl17/) - Chemokine: CXCL17
- [CXCL16](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cxcl16/) - Chemokine: CXCL16
- [CTACK (CCL27)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ctack-ccl27/) - Chemokine: CTACK (CCL27)
- [C-10 (CCL6)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/c-10-ccl6/) - Chemokine: C-10 (CCL6)
- [BRAK (CXCL14)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/brak-cxcl14/) - Chemokine: BRAK (CXCL14)
- [HCC-1 (CCL14)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hcc-1-ccl14/) - Chemokine: HCC-1 (CCL14)
- [GRO (CXCL1,2,3)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/gro-cxcl123/) - Chemokine: GRO (CXCL1,2,3)
- [Fractalkine (CX3CL1)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fractalkine-cx3cl1/) - Chemokine: Fractalkine (CX3CL1)
- [Exodus-2 (CCL21)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/exodus-2-ccl21/) - Chemokine: Exodus-2 (CCL21)
- [Eotaxin (CCL11,24,26)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/eotaxin-ccl112426/) - Chemokine: Eotaxin (CCL11,24,26)
- [ENA-78 (CXCL5)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ena-78-cxcl5/) - Chemokine: ENA-78 (CXCL5)
- [Lymphotactin (XCL1)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lymphotactin-xcl1/) - Chemokine: Lymphotactin (XCL1)
- [LD78-beta (CCL3L1)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ld78-beta-ccl3l1/) - Chemokine: LD78-beta (CCL3L1)
- [I-TAC (CXCL11)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/i-tac-cxcl11/) - Chemokine: I-TAC (CXCL11)
- [IP-10 (CXCL10)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ip-10-cxcl10/) - Chemokine: IP-10 (CXCL10)
- [Interleukin 8 (CXCL8)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/interleukin-8-cxcl8/) - Chemokine: Interleukin 8 (CXCL8)
- [I-309 (CCL1)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/i-309-ccl1/) - Chemokine: I-309 (CCL1)
- [NAP-2 (CXCL7)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nap-2-cxcl7/) - Chemokine: NAP-2 (CXCL7)
- [MIP (CCL3,4,9,15)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mip-ccl34915/) - Chemokine: MIP (CCL3,4,9,15)
- [MIG (CXCL9)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mig-cxcl9/) - Chemokine: MIG (CXCL9)
- [MEC (CCL28)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mec-ccl28/) - Chemokine: MEC (CCL28)
- [MDC (CCL22)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mdc-ccl22/) - Chemokine: MDC (CCL22)
- [MCP (CCL2, 7,8,12,13)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/mcp-ccl2-781213/) - Chemokine: MCP (CCL2, 7,8,12,13)
- [Other Chemokines](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/other-chemokines/) - Chemokine: Other Chemokines
- [Thymus Expressed Chemokine (CCL25)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/thymus-expressed-chemokine-ccl25/) - Chemokine: Thymus Expressed Chemokine (CCL25)
- [TARC (CCL17)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tarc-ccl17/) - Chemokine: TARC (CCL17)
- [SDF (CXCL12)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/sdf-cxcl12/) - Chemokine: SDF (CXCL12)
- [Rantes (CCL5)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/rantes-ccl5/) - Chemokine: Rantes (CCL5)
- [Platelet Factor-4 (CXCL4)](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/platelet-factor-4-cxcl4/) - Chemokine: Platelet Factor-4 (CXCL4)
- [Galectin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/galectin/) - Growth Factor: Galectin
- [Fibroblast Growth Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fibroblast-growth-factor/) - Growth Factor: Fibroblast Growth Factor
- [Erythropoietin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/erythropoietin/) - Growth Factor: Erythropoietin
- [EGF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/egf/) - Growth Factor: EGF
- [CTGF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ctgf/) - Growth Factor: CTGF
- [CSF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/csf/) - Growth Factor: CSF
- [Insulin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/insulin/) - Growth Factor: Insulin
- [Insulin-Like Growth Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/insulin-like-growth-factor/) - Growth Factor: Insulin-Like Growth Factor
- [IGFBP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/igfbp/) - Growth Factor: IGFBP
- [Hepatocyte Growth Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hepatocyte-growth-factor/) - Growth Factor: Hepatocyte Growth Factor
- [HDGF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hdgf/) - Growth Factor: HDGF
- [Noggin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/noggin/) - Growth Factor: Noggin
- [Growth Hormone](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/growth-hormone/) - Growth Factor: Growth Hormone
- [Myostatin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/myostatin/) - Growth Factor: Myostatin
- [Melanoma Inhibitory Activity](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/melanoma-inhibitory-activity/) - Growth Factor: Melanoma Inhibitory Activity
- [Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/macrophage-migration-inhibitory-factor/) - Growth Factor: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
- [Leptin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/leptin/) - Growth Factor: Leptin
- [Keratinocyte Growth Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/keratinocyte-growth-factor/) - Growth Factor: Keratinocyte Growth Factor
- [Periostin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/periostin/) - Growth Factor: Periostin
- [PDGF](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/pdgf/) - Growth Factor: PDGF
- [Osteoprotegerin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/osteoprotegerin/) - Growth Factor: Osteoprotegerin
- [Osteopontin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/osteopontin/) - Growth Factor: Osteopontin
- [Omentin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/omentin/) - Growth Factor: Omentin
- [Oncostatin-M](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/oncostatin-m/) - Growth Factor: Oncostatin-M
- [Stem Cell Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/stem-cell-factor/) - Growth Factor: Stem Cell Factor
- [RANK Ligand](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/rank-ligand/) - Growth Factor: RANK Ligand
- [Retinol Binding Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/retinol-binding-protein/) - Growth Factor: Retinol Binding Protein
- [Prolactin PRL](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/prolactin-prl/) - Growth Factor: Prolactin PRL
- [Placental Lactogen](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/placental-lactogen/) - Growth Factor: Placental Lactogen
- [Placental Growth Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/placental-growth-factor/) - Growth Factor: Placental Growth Factor
- [NOV](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/nov/) - Growth Factor: NOV
- [Epigen](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/epigen/) - Growth Factor: Epigen
- [Other Growth Factors](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/other-growth-factors/) - Growth Factor: Other Growth Factors
- [VEGF Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/vegf-protein/) - Growth Factor: VEGF Protein
- [Transforming Growth Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/transforming-growth-factor/) - Growth Factor: Transforming Growth Factor
- [Other Cytokines](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/other-cytokines/) - Cytokine: Other Cytokines
- [Wingless-Type MMTV Integration Site Family](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/wingless-type-mmtv-integration-site-family/) - Cytokine: Wingless-Type MMTV Integration Site Family
- [Visfatin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/visfatin/) - Cytokine: Visfatin
- [Uteroglobin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/uteroglobin/) - Cytokine: Uteroglobin
- [Tumor Necrosis Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tumor-necrosis-factor/) - Cytokine: Tumor Necrosis Factor
- [TSLP](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tslp/) - Cytokine: TSLP
- [Trefoil Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/trefoil-factor/) - Cytokine: Trefoil Factor
- [TPO](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/tpo/) - Cytokine: TPO
- [Serum Amyloid A](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/serum-amyloid-a/) - Cytokine: Serum Amyloid A
- [Resistin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/resistin/) - Cytokine: Resistin
- [Follistatin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/follistatin/) - Cytokine: Follistatin
- [Hedgehog Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/hedgehog-protein/) - Cytokine: Hedgehog Protein
- [Interferon](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/interferon/) - Cytokine: Interferon
- [Interleukin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/interleukin/) - Cytokine: Interleukin
- [lif - Leukemia Inhibitory Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/lif-leukemia-inhibitory-factor/) - Cytokine: lif - Leukemia Inhibitory Factor
- [Otoraplin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/otoraplin/) - Cytokine: Otoraplin
- [EBI3](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ebi3/) - Cytokine: EBI3
- [CTLA4](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/ctla4/) - Cytokine: CTLA4
- [Endoglin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/endoglin/) - Cytokine: Endoglin
- [Epiregulin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/epiregulin/) - Cytokine: Epiregulin
- [FAS](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/fas/) - Cytokine: FAS
- [Flt3 Ligand](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/flt3-ligand/) - Cytokine: Flt3 Ligand
- [Beta Defensin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/beta-defensin/) - Cytokine: Beta Defensin
- [Betacellulin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/betacellulin/) - Cytokine: Betacellulin
- [Bone Morphogenetic Protein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/bone-morphogenetic-protein/) - Cytokine: Bone Morphogenetic Protein
- [BST](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/bst/) - Cytokine: BST
- [B type Natriuretic Peptide](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/b-type-natriuretic-peptide/) - Cytokine: B type Natriuretic Peptide
- [Adiponectin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/adiponectin/) - Cytokine: Adiponectin
- [Cardiotrophin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/cardiotrophin/) - Cytokine: Cardiotrophin
- [AIF1](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/aif1/) - Cytokine: AIF1
- [AITRL](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/aitrl/) - Cytokine: AITRL
- [Angiopoietin](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/angiopoietin/) - Cytokine: Angiopoietin
- [Apolipoprotein](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/apolipoprotein/) - Cytokine: Apolipoprotein
- [B-Cell Activating Factor](https://biolinkk.com/highly-purified-proteins/b-cell-activating-factor/) - Cytokine: B-Cell Activating Factor
- [Analytical Balance MA104](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/analytical-balance-ma104/)
- [Automatic Seed Counter BL-SWC-F](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/automatic-seed-counter-bl-swc-f/)
- [Ultrasonic Cleaner BL-SB-5200DTD](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/ultrasonic-cleaner-bl-sb-5200dtd/)
- [Minute™ Single Nucleus Isolation Kit for Neuronal Tissues/Cells](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-single-nucleus-isolation-kit-for-neuronal-tissues-cells/) - Isolated nuclei are widely used for various experiments such as FACS, single nucleus analysis (such as RNA-seq and ATAC-seq), Nucleus Isolation Kit
- [Minute™ Cytosolic and Nuclear Extraction Kit for Frozen/Fresh Tissues](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-cytosolic-and-nuclear-extraction-kit-for-frozen-fresh-tissues/) - Preparation of cytosolic and nuclear fractions from cultured cells and tissues is common. Cell fractionation from cultured cells is relatively easy and straightforward...
- [Minute™ Single Cell Isolation Kit for Fresh and Fixed Tissues](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-single-cell-isolation-kit-for-fresh-and-fixed-tissues/) - MinuteTM single cell isolation kit comprises optimized tissue disaggregation buffers and specially designed filter cartridges with 2.0 ml collection tubes. The kit is designed to isolate single cells from fresh animal tissues rapidly, and it can also
- [Minute™ Plant Microsomal Membrane Extraction Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-plant-microsomal-membrane-extraction-kit/) - Isolation of microsomal membranes from plant tissues is a common procedure. The microsomal fraction of plant cell lysate is the focus of interest in many plant research
- [Minute™ Chloroplast Isolation kit for Mucilaginous Plants](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-chloroplast-isolation-kit-for-mucilaginous-plants/) - Chloroplast Isolation kit This kit provides a simple, rapid, and efficient method for isolating chloroplasts from viscous plant homogenate. The protocol takes about 30 min.
- [Minute™ Water-soluble and Water-Insoluble Protein Fractionation Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-water-soluble-and-water-insoluble-protein-fractionation-kit/) - Researchers studying protein localization and trafficking now have a convenient tool: the MinuteTM Water-soluble and Water-Insoluble Protein Fractionation Kit for cells/tissues.
- [Minute™ Plant Lipid Raft Isolation Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-plant-lipid-raft-isolation-kit/) - Lipid raft are shown to have increased sphingolipid to protein ratio and higher cholesterol concentration. The lipid rafts are believed to play an important role in signal transduction and protein trafficking in eukaryotic cells.
- [Minute™ Nuclear Proteasome Enrichment Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-nuclear-proteasome-enrichment-kit/) - The proteasome is a protein degradation system that requires metabolic energy and polymerization of ubiquitin that is different from lysosome-based protein degradation.
- [Minute™ High-Efficiency Saliva Exosome Isolation Kit (50 Preps)](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-high-efficiency-saliva-exosome-isolation-kit-50-preps/) - Diagnoses using exosomes derived from saliva have been attracting great attention in recent years due to the ease of sample collection. However, saliva samples are ..
- [Minute™ Plant Golgi Apparatus Enrichment Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-plant-golgi-apparatus-enrichment-kit/) - The plant Golgi apparatus plays an important role in the biosynthesis of cellular structural components and protein trafficking. However proteomic characterization of the Golgi has been hindered by limited methodologies for obtaining ..
- [Minute™ Plant Endosome Enrichment Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-plant-endosome-enrichment-kit/) - Endosomes are a heterogeneous collection of organelles in the sorting and delivery of internalized material from cell surface ..
- [Minute™ Plasma Membrane Isolation Kit for Mammalian Red Blood Cells](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-plasma-membrane-isolation-kit-for-mammalian-red-blood-cells/) - Red blood cells (RBCs) are essential components of the circulatory system, responsible for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body. Understanding their surface composition, particularly the diverse array of proteins is ..
- [Minute™ Cytosolic Proteasome Enrichment Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-cytosolic-proteasome-enrichment-kit/) - The proteasome have been found mainly localized in cytosol but also detected in nucleus. Traditionally, ultracentrifugation and affinity isolation are the most common methods for isolation of proteasomes.
- [Minute™ Thylakoid Enrichment and Chloroplast Fractionation Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-thylakoid-enrichment-and-chloroplast-fractionation-kit/) - Thylakoid membrane is structurally different from the chloroplast envelope, and their biogenesis depends on biosynthetic and transporting activities specific to the chloroplast envelope.
- [Minute™ Detergent-Free Nuclear Matrix Protein Extraction Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-detergent-free-nuclear-matrix-protein-extraction-kit/) - The detergent-free nuclear matrix protein extraction kit is designed to separate cellular protein into three fractions: cytosolic, nuclear matrix and water-insoluble fractions
- [Minute™ Plant ER Enrichment Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-plant-er-enrichment-kit/) - Isolation and enrichment of plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are essential for elucidating ER-related cellular functions. Minute™ Plant ER Enrichment Kit
- [Minute™ High Fidelity ER Isolation Kit for Liver Tissue](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-high-fidelity-er-isolation-kit-for-liver-tissue/) - Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a major membranous structure that functionally connects nuclear membrane and plasma membrane. Liver is an ER-rich organ and has
- [Minute™ Yeast/Fungus Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-yeast-fungus-nuclear-and-cytoplasmic-protein-extraction-kit/) - The Minute™ Yeast/Fungus Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit offers a fast and reliable method to isolate both cytosolic and nuclear proteins from yeast ..
- [Minute™ Yeast Mitochondria Enrichment Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-yeast-mitochondria-enrichment-kit/) - Traditional protocol for yeast mitochondria isolation/extraction involves a range of centrifugation-based sub-cellular fractionation procedures.
- [Minute™ Mitochondria Isolation Kit for Muscle Tissues/Cultured Muscle Cells](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-mitochondria-isolation-kit-for-muscle-tissues-cultured-muscle-cells/) - Muscle cells have large number of mitochondria because they are continually used to move the body. Another mitochondrion-rich organ is the heart where mitochondria make up about 40% of the heart cells.
- [Minute™ Adipose Tissue Fractionation Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-adipose-tissue-fractionation-kit/) - Fractionation and analysis of proteins from adipose tissue are critical for understanding many physiological/pathological conditions.
- [Minute™ Synaptosome Isolation Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-synaptosome-isolation-kit/) - The ability to isolate synaptosomes from neuronal tissues/cultured cells is essential for understanding the mechanisms of neurological diseases.
- [Minute™ High-Efficiency Exosome Precipitation Reagent](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-high-efficiency-exosome-precipitation-reagent/) - Exosomes are vesicles secreted by cells. They are present in a variety of body fluids such as serum, ascites, spinal cord fluid, urine, and saliva. Cultured cells also secrete significant number of exosomes.
- [Minute™ Nuclear Envelope Protein Extraction Ki](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-nuclear-envelope-protein-extraction-ki/) - The nuclear envelope is a very complex membrane-protein system that is notoriously difficult to isolate and purify because of its connection to nuclear and cytoplasmic components.
- [Minute™ Mitochondria Isolation Kit for Mammalian Cells and Tissues](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-mitochondria-isolation-kit-for-mammalian-cells-and-tissues/) - Minute™ Mitochondria Isolation Kit for Mammalian Cells and Tissues comprises optimized buffers and protein extraction filter cartridges with 2.0 ml collection tubes.
- [Minute™ Plant Cytosolic and Nuclear Protein Isolation Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-plant-cytosolic-and-nuclear-protein-isolation-kit/) - The kit is designed for rapid fractionation of fresh/frozen soft plant tissues, especially leaves. Unlike other commercial kit and Lab protocols, of which large amount of starting material
- [Minute™ Total Lipid Raft Isolation Kit for Mammalian Cells/Tissues](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-lipid-raft-isolation-kit-for-mammalian-cells-tissues/) - Lipid rafts are small membrane domains containing a high level of cholesterol and sphingolipids. Lipid rafts are found in the plasma membrane (PM) and internal organellar membranes such as mitochondria-associated membrane (MAMs) and ...
- [Minute™ Plasma Membrane-Derived Lipid Raft Isolation Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-plasma-membrane-derived-lipid-raft-isolation-kit/) - Lipid rafts are small membrane domains containing a high level of cholesterol and sphingolipids. Lipid rafts have been found in the plasma membrane (PM) and internal organellar membranes ...
- [Minute™ Plant Plasma Membrane/Protein Isolation Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-plant-plasma-membrane-protein-isolation-kit/) - Plasma membrane (PM) protein accounts for a small fraction of total cellular protein in plants but performs a very critical role in plant physiology. Isolation and purification of PM protein from plant tissues have been traditionally done by sucrose density
- [Minute™ Chloroplast Isolation Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-chloroplast-isolation-kit/) - Minute™ Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Extraction Kit for Cells comprises optimized cytoplasmic extraction buffer, nuclear protein extraction buffer, and protein extraction ..
- [Minute™ Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Extraction Kits for Cells](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-cytoplasmic-and-nuclear-extraction-kits-for-cells/) - Minute™ Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Extraction Kit for Cells comprises optimized cytoplasmic extraction buffer, nuclear protein extraction buffer, and protein extraction filter cartridges with 2.0 ml collection tubes.
- [Minute™ Golgi Apparatus Enrichment Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-golgi-apparatus-enrichment-kit/) - The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex or Golgi body, consists of a series of flattened stacked pouches called cisternae. This organelle plays a crucial role in eukaryotic cells
- [Minute™ ER Enrichment Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-er-enrichment-kit/) - The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a significant membranous structure that bridges the nuclear membrane and the plasma membrane, serving as a pivotal player ...
- [Minute™ Endosome Isolation and Cell Fractionation Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-endosome-isolation-and-cell-fractionation-kit/) - Early endosomes, which come mainly from primary endocytic vesicles that fuse with each other, provide the starting point for late endosome maturation. In addition to..
- [Minute™ Lysosome Isolation Kit for Mammalian Cells/Tissues](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-lysosome-isolation-kit-for-mammalian-cells-tissues/) - Lysosomes, found in eukaryotic cells, are spherical vesicles responsible for the removal of cellular waste. These organelles contain digestive enzymes crucial for breaking down excess
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Microbes with Thick Cell Walls](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-microbes-with-thick-cell-walls/) - Protein extraction from cell-wall-containing microbes is a common procedure. The methods for protein extraction are usually harsh, tedious and unreliable. YT-015 provides ..
- [Minute™ Protein/Nucleic Acid Extraction Kit from Gels](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-protein-nucleic-acid-extraction-kit-from-gels/) - Passive elution and electroelution are the most common methods for extracting proteins/nucleic acid from polyacrylamide/agarose gels. Protein extraction by passive ...
- [Minute™ Histone/DNA Binding Protein Extraction Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-histone-dna-binding-protein-extraction-kit/) - Histones and other DNA-binding proteins play an important role in chromosome organization, gene regulation and post-translational modification. Core components of histones ...
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Insects](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-insects/) - Despite significant variation in body organization, insects all have the same general body structure. They have segmented bodies divided into three regions: head, thorax ...
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Muscles](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-muscles/) - Skeletal and cardiac muscles are highly specialized tissues that are made of well-arranged muscle fibers. An individual muscle may be made up of hundreds ...
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Intestines and Mesentery](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-intestines-and-mesentery/) - The intestines are a long and continuous tube that run from stomach to anus. Mesentery is a fold of tissue that attaches intestines to the body wall. Structurally,
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Tendons](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-tendons/) - Blood vessels (arteries and veins) are made of specialized connective tissues. There are three layers of tissues in blood vessels: tunica, tunica media and endothelium.
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Blood Vessels](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-blood-vessels/) - Blood vessels (arteries and veins) are made of specialized connective tissues. There are three layers of tissues in blood vessels: tunica, tunica media and endothelium.
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Bone Tissue](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-bone-tissue/) - The kit features a simple and fast single-tube protocol and optimized buffers for bone tissue. Researchers have the option to choose either a denaturing or native cell lysis buffer,
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Skin Tissue](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-skin-tissue/) - Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are widely available and serve as a potentially rich source for biomedical research.
- [Minute™ Protein Extraction Kit for Fixed and Embedded Tissues](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-protein-extraction-kit-for-fixed-and-embedded-tissues/) - Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are widely available and serve as a potentially rich source for biomedical research.
- [Protein Extraction Kit for Hair and Nails](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/protein-extraction-kit-for-hair-and-nails/) - Proteins account for about 80% of keratinized animal tissues such as hair, nail, horn and wool. These tissues contain mainly hard keratins made of several distinct types of protein with a molecular weight ranging from 10 to 135 kDa.
- [Minute™ Detergent-Free Protein Extraction Kit for Microbes with Thick Cell Walls](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-detergent-free-protein-extraction-kit-for-microbes-with-thick-cell-walls/) - YD-016 provides a detergent-free, rapid and gentle way for extracting proteins from microbes with thick and strong cell walls.
- [Minute™ Bacterial Total Protein Extraction Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-bacterial-total-protein-extraction-kit/) - Minute™ Bacterial Total Protein Extraction Kit is composed of optimized denaturing cell lysis buffers and protein extraction filter cartridges with 2.0 ml collection tubes.
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Adipose Tissues/Cultured Adipocytes](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-adipose-tissues-cultured-adipocytes/) - Adipose tissue, especially white adipose tissue (WAT), has been recognized as an essential endocrine and inflammation organ in addition to its energy storage function.
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Mass Spectrometry](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-mass-spectrometry/) - Mass spectrometry has become a popular method for analyzing and characterizing proteins. Traditional total protein extraction methods, such as RIPA-based reagents,
- [Minute™ Antibody Enhancer](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-antibody-enhancer/) - Minute™ Antibody Enhancer is able to significantly increase the sensitivity of commonly used immunoassays such as Western blotting, ELISA and immunohistochemistry.
- [Minute™ Anti-Clumping Nuclei Storage Buffer](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-anti-clumping-nuclei-storage-buffer/) - The traditional method for nuclei isolation from animal cells/tissues depends on the use of non-ionic detergent to lyse the plasma membrane and release nuclei..
- [Minute™ Detergent-Free Single Nuclei Isolation Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-detergent-free-single-nuclei-isolation-kit/) - Single-cell genomics requires high-quality and complete genetic materials from individual cells. However, intact single cells are hard to isolate from tissues, especially when frozen. In addition, dissociation-induced (either mechanical or enzymatic)
- [Minute™ Plasma Membrane/Protein Isolation and Cell Fractionation Kit ](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-plasma-membrane-protein-isolation-and-cell-fractionation-kit/) - Free of detergents and EDTA, the Minute™ kit is a next-generation solution for native plasma membrane (PM) isolation and cell fractionation. It offers exceptional convenience and consistency by
- [Minute™ Detergent-Free Plant Protein Extraction Kit](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-detergent-free-plant-protein-extraction-kit/) - Minute™ Detergent-Free Plant Protein Extraction Kit is composed of optimized protein extraction buffer and protein extraction filter cartridges with 2.0 ml collection tubes.
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Plant Tissues](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-plant-tissues/) - The MinuteTM total protein extraction kit for plant tissues comprises an optimized protein extraction buffer and protein extraction filter cartridges accompanied by 2.0 ml collection tubes.
- [Minute™ Detergent-Free Protein Extraction Kit for Animal Tissues and Cultured Cells](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-detergent-free-protein-extraction-kit-for-animal-tissues-and-cultured-cells/) - Minute™ Detergent-Free Total Protein Extraction Kit is composed of optimized cell lysis buffer and protein extraction filter cartridges with 2.0 ml collection tubes.
- [Minute™ Total Protein Extraction Kit for Animal Cultured Cells and Tissues](https://biolinkk.com/sample-preparation-kits/minute-total-protein-extraction-kit-for-animal-cultured-cells-and-tissues/) - The Minute™ kit is a next-generation, spin column–based system designed for rapid and efficient total protein extraction from animal cultured cells and tissues.
- [Human Cluster of differentiation 63, CD63 ELISA Kit, E5055Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-cluster-of-differentiation-63-cd63-elisa-kit/) - Human CD63 antigen, also referred to as Granulophysin, Lysomal-associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP-3), Tetraspanin-30, and Ocular melanoma-associated antigen…
- [Multi-Mode Microplate Reader BL-B400](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/multi-mode-microplate-reader-bl-b400/)
- [Multi-Mode Microplate Reader BL-B500](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/multi-mode-microplate-reader-bl-b500/)
- [Multi-Mode Microplate Reader BL-B300](https://biolinkk.com/instruments/multi-mode-microplate-reader-bl-b300/)
- [Human CD163 antigen, CD163 ELISA Kit, E0246Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-cd163-antigen-cd163-elisa-kit-2/) - CD163 is a scavenge receptor for the haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex. CD163 clears the complex in the liver, spleen and circulation. Soluble CD163 also plays …
- [Human Vitamin H, VH ELISA Kit, E3932Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-vitamin-h-vh-elisa-kit/) - A B vitamin that aids in body growth.…
- [Rabbit Vascular Endothelial cell Growth Factor, VEGF ELISA Kit, E0026Rb](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rabbit-vascular-endothelial-cell-growth-factor-vegf-elisa-kit/) - Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits a…
- [Human Vascular Endothelial cell Growth Factor, VEGF ELISA Kit, E0080Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-vascular-endothelial-cell-growth-factor-vegf-elisa-kit/) - Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits a…
- [Human Vitamin D Receptor, VDR ELISA Kit, E1553Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-vitamin-d-receptor-vdr-elisa-kit/) - Nuclear hormone receptor. Transcription factor that mediates the action of vitamin D3 by controlling the expression of hormone sensitive genes. Regulates tra…
- [Rat Vitamin C, VC ELISA Kit, E0612Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/rat-vitamin-c-vc-elisa-kit/) - A vitamin found in fresh fruits (especially citrus fruits) and vegetables; prevents scurvy.…
- [Human Visceral adipose-specific serine protease inhibitor, vaspin ELISA Kit, E0921Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-visceral-adipose-specific-serine-protease-inhibitor-vaspin-elisa-kit/) - May modulates insulin action conceivably only in the presence of its yet undefined target proteases in white adipose tissues.…
- [Human Tumour necrosis factor related weak inducer of apoptosis, TWEAK ELISA Kit, E1820Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-tumour-necrosis-factor-related-weak-inducer-of-apoptosis-tweak-elisa-kit/) - Binds to FN14 and possibly also to TNRFSF12/APO3. Weak inducer of apoptosis in some cell types. Mediates NF-kappa-B activation. Promotes angiogenesis and the…
- [Human Trimethylamine-N-oxide reductase, TorA ELISA Kit, EA0141Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-trimethylamine-n-oxide-reductase-tora-elisa-kit/) - Reduces trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) into trimethylamine; an anaerobic reaction coupled to energy-yielding reactions.…
- [Chicken Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, TNFA ELISA Kit, E0025Ch](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/chicken-tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha-tnfa-elisa-kit/) - Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is p…
- [Human Tenascin-C, TN-C ELISA Kit, E1414Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-tenascin-c-tn-c-elisa-kit/) - Extracellular matrix protein implicated in guidance of migrating neurons as well as axons during development, synaptic plasticity as well as neuronal regener…
- [Rabbit Transforming Growth factor Beta 1, TGFB1 ELISA Kit, E0025Rb](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rabbit-transforming-growth-factor-beta-1-tgfb1-elisa-kit/) - Multifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. Many cells synthesize TGFB1 and have specific re…
- [Human Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance, TBARS ELISA Kit, E3642Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-thiobarbituric-acid-reactive-substance-tbars-elisa-kit/) - Lipid peroxidation refers to the oxidative degradation of lipids and is a well-defined mechanism of cellular damage. The formation of lipid peroxidation prod…
- [Rat Total bile acid, TBA ELISA Kit, E0785Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/rat-total-bile-acid-tba-elisa-kit/) - It is a group of metabolites of cholesterol in the liver decomposition and enteric-liver circulation, and is the final product of cholesterol catabolism in t…
- [Bovine Thyroxine, T4 ELISA Kit, E0216Bo](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/bovine-thyroxine-t4-elisa-kit/) - T4 is a useful marker for the diagnosis of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The level of T4 is decreased in hypothyroid patients and is increased in hyper…
- [Bovine Testosterone, T ELISA Kit, E0072Bo](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/bovine-testosterone-t-elisa-kit/) - Functions as an androgen transport protein, but may also be involved in receptor mediated processes. Each dimer binds one molecule of steroid. Specific for 5…
- [Human Soluble Toll-like Receptor 4, STLR4 ELISA Kit, E4269Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-soluble-toll-like-receptor-4-stlr4-elisa-kit/) - sTLR4 acts as a potent inhibitor ofTLR4-mediated inflammation, blocking the interaction between TLR4 and other coreceptor complexes, especiallyMD2 and CD14, …
- [Human Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1C, SREBP-1C ELISA Kit, E6666Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-sterol-regulatory-element-binding-protein-1c-srebp-1c-elisa-kit/) - Transcriptional activator required for lipid homeostasis.…
- [Human Substance P, SP ELISA Kit, E1528Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-substance-p-sp-elisa-kit/) - Tachykinins are active peptides which excite neurons, evoke behavioral responses, are potent vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indire…
- [Rat Super Oxidase Dimutase, SOD ELISA Kit, E0168Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rat-super-oxidase-dimutase-sod-elisa-kit/) - Cytoplasmic. Note: The pathogenic variants ALS1 Arg-86 and Ala-94 gradually aggregates and accumulates in mitochondria.…
- [Rabbit Super Oxidase Dimutase, SOD ELISA Kit, E0164Rb](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rabbit-super-oxidase-dimutase-sod-elisa-kit/) - Cytoplasmic. Note: The pathogenic variants ALS1 Arg-86 and Ala-94 gradually aggregates and accumulates in mitochondria.…
- [Human Super Oxidase Dimutase, SOD ELISA Kit, E0918Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-super-oxidase-dimutase-sod-elisa-kit/) - Cytoplasmic. Note: The pathogenic variants ALS1 Arg-86 and Ala-94 gradually aggregates and accumulates in mitochondria.…
- [Bovine Super Oxidase Dimutase, SOD ELISA Kit, E0003Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/bovine-super-oxidase-dimutase-sod-elisa-kit/) - Cytoplasmic. Note: The pathogenic variants ALS1 Arg-86 and Ala-94 gradually aggregates and accumulates in mitochondria.…
- [Human Soluble α-Klotho, sKLA ELISA Kit, E4142Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-soluble-α-klotho-skla-elisa-kit/) - A novel serum biomarker for the activity ofGH-producing pituitary adenomas.…
- [Human Sirtuin 6, SIRT6 ELISA Kit, E2562Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-sirtuin-6-sirt6-elisa-kit/) - NAD-dependent protein deacetylase. Has deacetylase activity towards histone H3K9Ac and H3K56Ac. Modulates acetylation of histone H3 in telomeric chromatin du…
- [Human Sirtuin 3, SIRT3 ELISA Kit, E2559Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-sirtuin-3-sirt3-elisa-kit/) - NAD-dependent protein deacetylase. Activates mitochondrial target proteins, including ACSS1, IDH2 and GDH by deacetylating key lysine residues. Contributes t…
- [Human Sirtuin 1, SIRT1 ELISA Kit, E2557Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-sirtuin-1-sirt1-elisa-kit/) - NAD-dependent protein deacetylase that links transcriptional regulation directly to intracellular energetics and participates in the coordination of several …
- [Human soluble Interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha, sIL2RA ELISA Kit, E0205Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-soluble-interleukin-2-receptor-subunit-alpha-sil2ra-elisa-kit/) - Receptor for interleukin-2. The receptor is involved in the regulation of immune tolerance by controlling regulatory T cells (TREGs) activity. TREGs suppress…
- [Human Small Heterodimer Partner, SHP ELISA Kit, E6818Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-small-heterodimer-partner-shp-elisa-kit/) - Transcriptional regulator that acts as a negative regulator of receptor-dependent signaling pathways. Specifically inhibits transactivation of the nuclear re…
- [Human SAA-LDL Complex, SAA-LDL Complex ELISA Kit, E3394Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-saa-ldl-complex-saa-ldl-complex-elisa-kit/) - serum amyloid A–LDL complex (SAA-LDL) is oxidatively modified LDL complexes that promote atherosclerosis. Serum SAA-LDL levels is closely associated with inf…
- [Bovine Serum amyloid A, SAA ELISA Kit, E0023Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/bovine-serum-amyloid-a-saa-elisa-kit/) - Function: Major acute phase reactant. Apolipoprotein of the HDL complex. Tissue specificity: Expressed by the liver; secreted in plasma. Disease: Note=Reacti…
- [Rat Sphingosine 1 Phosphate, S1P ELISA Kit, E1593Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-sphingosine-1-phosphate-s1p-elisa-kit/) - Sphingosine 1‐phosphate (SPP) is an important sphingolipid‐derived second messenger in mammalian cells that acts to promote proliferation and to inhibit apop…
- [Human S100 calcium binding protein B, S100B ELISA Kit, E3887Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-s100-calcium-binding-protein-b-s100b-elisa-kit/) - Weakly binds calcium but binds zinc very tightly-distinct binding sites with different affinities exist for both ions on each monomer. Physiological concentr…
- [Human S100 calcium binding protein A8/A9, S100A8/A9 ELISA Kit, E4465Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-s100-calcium-binding-protein-a8-a9-s100a8-a9-elisa-kit/) - S100A9: Secreted. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm > cytoskeleton. Cell membrane. Associates with tubulin filaments in activated monocytes. Targeted to the cell surface …
- [Human S100 Calcium Binding Protein A15, S100A15 ELISA Kit, E2183Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-s100-calcium-binding-protein-a15-s100a15-elisa-kit/) - Modulates P53/TP53 protein levels, and thereby plays a role in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis. Depending on the context, it can promote cell p…
- [Rat Resistin, Retn ELISA Kit, E0211Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-resistin-retn-elisa-kit/) - Hormone that seems to suppress insulin ability to stimulate glucose uptake into adipose cells. Potentially links obesity to diabetes.…
- [Rat receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand, RANKL ELISA Kit, E0289Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-receptor-activator-of-nuclear-factor-kappa-b-ligand-rankl-elisa-kit/) - Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF11B/OPG and to TNFRSF11A/RANK. Osteoclast differentiation and activation factor. Augments the ability of dendritic cells to stim…
- [Human Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand, RANKL ELISA Kit, E0620Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-receptor-activator-of-nuclear-factor-kappa-b-ligand-rankl-elisa-kit/) - Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF11B/OPG and to TNFRSF11A/RANK. Osteoclast differentiation and activation factor. Augments the ability of dendritic cells to stim…
- [Human Pentraxin 3, PTX3 ELISA Kit, E1938Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-pentraxin-3-ptx3-elisa-kit/) - Plays a role in the regulation of innate resistance to pathogens, inflammatory reactions, possibly clearance of self-components and female fertility.…
- [Human Pentosidine, PTD ELISA Kit, E0004Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-pentosidine-ptd-elisa-kit/) - Pentosidine is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) and cross-linked substance with fluorescent properties. Pentosidine is present in various human tissue…
- [Human Pro Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor, PRO-BDNF ELISA Kit, E4070Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-pro-brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor-pro-bdnf-elisa-kit/) - ProBDNF is the precursor of mature BDNF. During development, BDNF promotes the survival and differentiation of selected neuronal populations of the periphera…
- [Human Phospholipase C, PLC ELISA Kit, E0788Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-phospholipase-c-plc-elisa-kit/) - Phospholipase C releases diacylglycerol by cleaving the glycosylphosphatidylinositol. It has broad substrate specificity and its activity is influenced by me…
- [Human Phosphotylinosital 3 kinase, PI3K ELISA Kit, E0896Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-phosphotylinosital-3-kinase-pi3k-elisa-kit/) - Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-Tyr kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit…
- [Rat Prostaglandin E2, PG-E2 ELISA Kit, E0504Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-prostaglandin-e2-pg-e2-elisa-kit/) - Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an extensively studied prostaglandin owing to its predominance in inflammation, cancer, atherosclerosis, autoimmune disease, and s…
- [Human Prostaglandin D2, PGD2 ELISA Kit, E0989Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-prostaglandin-d2-pgd2-elisa-kit/) - Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is one of the major PGs actively produced in the brain of various mammals. Prostaglandin D2 is one of the most potent endogenous slee…
- [Human Proteoglycan, PG ELISA Kit, E1987Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-proteoglycan-pg-elisa-kit/) - Proteoglycan playing a role in cell proliferation and migration which stimulates endothelial cells motility during microvascular morphogenesis. May also inhi…
- [Rabbit platelet-derived growth factor, PDGF ELISA Kit, E0052Rb](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rabbit-platelet-derived-growth-factor-pdgf-elisa-kit/) - The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family of heparin-binding growth factors consists of five known members, denoted PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, PDGF-AB, PDGF-CC…
- [Human Procalcitonin, PCT ELISA Kit, E0977Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-procalcitonin-pct-elisa-kit/) - Procalcitonin (PCT) is a 116 amino acid residue peptide with molecular weight of about 13 kDa. PCT itself has no known hormonal activity. PCT belongs to a gr…
- [Rat Purkinje Cell Protein 4, PCP4 ELISA Kit, E1709Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/rat-purkinje-cell-protein-4-pcp4-elisa-kit/) - Functions as a modulator of calcium-binding by calmodulin. Thereby, regulates calmodulin activity and the different processes it controls. For instance, may …
- [Rat Proliferating cell nuclear antigen antibody, PCNA ELISA Kit, E0398Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rat-proliferating-cell-nuclear-antigen-antibody-pcna-elisa-kit/) - This protein is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase's proc…
- [Human Protein Carbonyl, PC ELISA Kit, E1426Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-protein-carbonyl-pc-elisa-kit/) - Protein carbonyl (PC) is the most widely used biomarker for oxidative damage to proteins, and reflects cellular damage induced by multiple forms of ROS.…
- [Fish Protein Carbonyl, PC ELISA Kit, E0112Fi](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/fish-protein-carbonyl-pc-elisa-kit/) - Protein carbonyl (PC) is the most widely used biomarker for oxidative damage to proteins, and reflects cellular damage induced by multiple forms of ROS.…
- [Human Prealbumin, PA ELISA Kit, E1182Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-prealbumin-pa-elisa-kit/) - Thyroid hormone-binding protein. Probably transports thyroxine from the bloodstream to the brain.…
- [Human Cytosolic purine 5'-nucleotidase, NT5C2 ELISA Kit, E4224Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-cytosolic-purine-5-nucleotidase-nt5c2-elisa-kit/) - Broad specificity cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of 6-hydroxypurine nucleoside 5'-monophosphates.…
- [Human Neuropeptide Y, NP-Y ELISA Kit, E1285Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-neuropeptide-y-np-y-elisa-kit/) - NPY is implicated in the control of feeding and in secretion of gonadotrophin-release hormone.…
- [Rat Nitric oxide synthase,  inducible, NOS2 ELISA Kit, E0740Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/rat-nitric-oxide-synthase-inducible-nos2-elisa-kit/) - Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal…
- [Human Nitric oxide synthase, inducible, NOS2 ELISA Kit, E0928Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-nitric-oxide-synthase-inducible-nos2-elisa-kit/) - Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal…
- [Rat Neuronal nitric oxide synthase, NOS1 ELISA Kit, E0542Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/rat-neuronal-nitric-oxide-synthase-nos1-elisa-kit/) - Produces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In the brain and peripheral nervous system, NO displays …
- [Human N-MID Osteocalcin, N-MID-OT ELISA Kit, E1499Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-n-mid-osteocalcin-n-mid-ot-elisa-kit/) - Osteocalcin is a small secreted protein 49 amino acids produced by osteoblasts. Osteocalcin acts as a hormone impacting bone mineral absorption, glucose met…
- [Rat Nerve growth factor, NGF ELISA Kit, E0539Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/rat-nerve-growth-factor-ngf-elisa-kit/) - Low affinity receptor which can bind to NGF, BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4. Can mediate cell survival as well as cell death of neural cells.…
- [Mouse Nerve growth factor, NGF ELISA Kit, E0081Mo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/mouse-nerve-growth-factor-ngf-elisa-kit/) - Low affinity receptor which can bind to NGF, BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4. Can mediate cell survival as well as cell death of neural cells.…
- [Human Nerve growth factor, NGF ELISA Kit, E2102Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-nerve-growth-factor-ngf-elisa-kit/) - Low affinity receptor which can bind to NGF, BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4. Can mediate cell survival as well as cell death of neural cells.…
- [Mouse Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, NGAL ELISA Kit, E0588Mo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/mouse-neutrophil-gelatinase-associated-lipocalin-ngal-elisa-kit/) - Iron-trafficking protein involved in multiple processes such as apoptosis, innate immunity and renal development. Binds iron through association with 2,5-dih…
- [Human Nuclear factor-kappa B, NFKB ELISA Kit, E0690Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-nuclear-factor-kappa-b-nfkb-elisa-kit/) - NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor present in almost all cell types and is the endpoint of a series of signal transduction events that are init…
- [Human Neopterin, NEOP ELISA Kit, E3155Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-neopterin-neop-elisa-kit/) - Neopterin is a pyrazino-pyrimidine compound that belongs to the pteridine group. It is produced by human monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells from guano…
- [Bovine Non-ester fatty acid, NEFA ELISA Kit, E0021Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/bovine-non-ester-fatty-acid-nefa-elisa-kit/) - Unesterified fatty acids, free fatty acids. Present in tissues and cells in a free state. Metabolic speed is fast, is the main energy of muscle activity. The…
- [Rat Visfatin, NAMPT ELISA Kit, E0471Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-visfatin-nampt-elisa-kit/) - Catalyzes the condensation of nicotinamide with 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate to yield nicotinamide mononucleotide, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of…
- [Fish Na-K-ATPase, NaKA ELISA Kit, E0111Fi](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/fish-na-k-atpase-naka-elisa-kit/) - This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the…
- [Human Metallothionein 1, MT-1 ELISA Kit, E4358Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-metallothionein-1-mt-1-elisa-kit/) - Metallothioneins have a high content of cysteine residues that bind various heavy metals; these proteins are transcriptionally regulated by both heavy metals…
- [Human Melatonin, MT ELISA Kit, E1013Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-melatonin-mt-elisa-kit/) - Melatonin, the principal hormone of the pineal gland, is also produced by the retina, lens and GI tract. It is naturally synthesized from the amino acid tryp…
- [Chicken Melatonin, MT ELISA Kit, E0027Ch](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/chicken-melatonin-mt-elisa-kit/) - Melatonin, the principal hormone of the pineal gland, is also produced by the retina, lens and GI tract. It is naturally synthesized from the amino acid tryp…
- [Rat Matrix metalloproteinase 1, MMP-1 ELISA Kit, E0312Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-matrix-metalloproteinase-1-mmp-1-elisa-kit/) - MMP1 is a member of the matrix metalloproteinase family of proteins. These proteins function in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix during a variety of…
- [Rat Mullerian Inhibiting Substance, MIS/AMH ELISA Kit, E0456Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-mullerian-inhibiting-substance-mis-amh-elisa-kit/) - Anti mullerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the TGF beta superfamily. It is secreted as a homodimeric 140kD disulphide linked precursor that is cleaved to re…
- [Rat Malondialdehyde, MDA ELISA Kit, E0156Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/rat-malondialdehyde-mda-elisa-kit/) - Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a natural product formed in all mammalian cells as a product of lipid peroxidation. MDA is a highly reactive three carbon dialdehyde…
- [Rabbit Malondialdehyde, MDA ELISA Kit, E0270Rb](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/rabbit-malondialdehyde-mda-elisa-kit/) - Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a natural product formed in all mammalian cells as a product of lipid peroxidation. MDA is a highly reactive three carbon dialdehyde…
- [Fish Malondialdehyde, MDA ELISA Kit, E0017Fi](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/fish-malondialdehyde-mda-elisa-kit/) - Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a natural product formed in all mammalian cells as a product of lipid peroxidation. MDA is a highly reactive three carbon dialdehyde…
- [Bovine Malondialdehyde, MDA ELISA Kit, E0198Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/bovine-malondialdehyde-mda-elisa-kit/) - Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a natural product formed in all mammalian cells as a product of lipid peroxidation. MDA is a highly reactive three carbon dialdehyde…
- [Rat Leukotriene B4 receptor 1, LTB4R ELISA Kit, E0941Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-leukotriene-b4-receptor-1-ltb4r-elisa-kit/) - Receptor for extracellular ATP > UTP and ADP. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second me…
- [Human Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Related Protein 1, LRP1 ELISA Kit, E2298Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-low-density-lipoprotein-receptor-related-protein-1-lrp1-elisa-kit/) - Prolow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is an endocytic receptor involved in endocytosis and in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. LRP1 i…
- [Human L-Dihydroxyphenyalanine, L-DOPA ELISA Kit, E1946Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-l-dihydroxyphenyalanine-l-dopa-elisa-kit/) - L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) is an amino acid found in the biosynthesis of catecholamines in animals and plants. …
- [Human Lipocalin 2, LCN2 ELISA Kit, E1429Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-lipocalin-2-lcn2-elisa-kit/) - Lipocalin-2 (also known as Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin or NGAL) is an iron binding and iron trafficking protein. Lipocalin-2 is involved in mu…
- [Human Lipoarabinomannan, LAM ELISA Kit, E1441Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-lipoarabinomannan-lam-elisa-kit/) - Lipoarabinomannan was the most potentmycobacterial lipid antigen (activation of 1.3% T lymphocytes) andactivated CD1b-restricted T cells that limited bacteri…
- [Human Kisspeptin-1, KISS1 ELISA Kit, E3122Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-kisspeptin-1-kiss1-elisa-kit/) - Metastasis suppressor protein in malignant melanomas and in some breast cancers. May regulate events downstream of cell-matrix adhesion, perhaps involving cy…
- [Rat Insulin, INS ELISA Kit, E0707Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-insulin-ins-elisa-kit/) - Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the…
- [Bovine Insulin, INS ELISA Kit, E0015Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/bovine-insulin-ins-elisa-kit/) - Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the…
- [Bovine Interleukin 6, IL-6 ELISA Kit, E0001Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/bovine-interleukin-6-il-6-elisa-kit/) - Interleukin 6 (IL6) is a cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response and plays an essential role…
- [Rat Interleukin 35, IL-35 ELISA Kit, E2118Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/rat-interleukin-35-il-35-elisa-kit/) - Cytokine that can act as a growth factor for activated T and NK cells, enhance the lytic activity of NK/lymphokine-activated killer cells, and stimulate the …
- [Human Interleukin 35, IL-35 ELISA Kit, E0042Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-interleukin-35-il-35-elisa-kit/) - Cytokine that can act as a growth factor for activated T and NK cells, enhance the lytic activity of NK/lymphokine-activated killer cells, and stimulate the …
- [Human Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist, IL1RA ELISA Kit, E3000Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-interleukin-1-receptor-antagonist-il1ra-elisa-kit/) - Inhibits the activity of interleukin-1 by binding to receptor IL1R1 and preventing its association with the coreceptor IL1RAP for signaling. Has no interleuk…
- [Canine Interleukin 31, IL-31 ELISA Kit, E0191Ca](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/canine-interleukin-31-il-31-elisa-kit/) - Activates STAT3 and possibly STAT1 and STAT5 through the IL31 heterodimeric receptor composed of IL31RA and OSMR. IL31 may function in skin immunity.…
- [Canine Interleukin 17, IL-17 ELISA Kit, E0007Ca](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/canine-interleukin-17-il-17-elisa-kit/) - Induces stromal cells to produce proinflammatory and hematopoietic cytokines. Enhances the surface expression of the intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-…
- [Human Interleukin 12 P70, IL-12/P70 ELISA Kit, E0099Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-interleukin-12-p70-il-12-p70-elisa-kit/) - Cytokine that can act as a growth factor for activated T and NK cells, enhance the lytic activity of NK/lymphokine-activated Killer cells, and stimulate the …
- [Bovine Immunoglobulin G, IgG ELISA Kit, E0010Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/bovine-immunoglobulin-g-igg-elisa-kit/) - Immunoglubulin G (IgG) is a glycoprotein molecule which belongs to the immunoglobulin family of proteins known as antibodies. Immunoglobulins are the key com…
- [Canine Immunoglobulin E, IgE ELISA Kit, E0208Ca](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/canine-immunoglobulin-e-ige-elisa-kit/) - IgE is the class of antibodies produced in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes. It may protect against parasite invasion, but it is a major factor in aller…
- [Rat Immunoglobulin A, IgA ELISA Kit, E0451Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/rat-immunoglobulin-a-iga-elisa-kit-2/) - IgA (immunoglobulin A) is a glycosylated protein of 160 kDa and is produced as a monomer or as a J chain linked dimer. Monomeric IgA constitutes 5-15 % of th…
- [Chicken Interferon γ, IFN-γ ELISA Kit, E0013Ch](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/chicken-interferon-γ-ifn-γ-elisa-kit/) - Produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens. IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory funct…
- [Human Hydroxyproline, Hyp ELISA Kit, E1900Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-hydroxyproline-hyp-elisa-kit/) - Hydroxyproline, a non-essential amino acid derived from proline, with no known therapeutic use. Hydroxproline is used as a major component of structural prot…
- [Human Heat Shock 70kDa Protein 1A, HSPA1A ELISA Kit, E3015Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-heat-shock-70kda-protein-1a-hspa1a-elisa-kit/) - Function: In cooperation with other chaperones, the Hsp70 family stabilize preexistent proteins against aggregation and mediate the folding of newly translat…
- [Human Heat Shock Protein 90kDa Beta 1, HSP90b1 ELISA Kit, E3012Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-heat-shock-protein-90kda-beta-1-hsp90b1-elisa-kit/) - Molecular chaperone that functions in the processing and transport of secreted proteins. Functions in endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD). Ha…
- [Fish Heat Shock Protein 90, HSP90 ELISA Kit, E0064FI](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/fish-heat-shock-protein-90-hsp90-elisa-kit/) - Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycl…
- [Fish Heat Shock Protein 70, HSP-70 ELISA Kit, EA0011FI](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/fish-heat-shock-protein-70-hsp-70-elisa-kit/) - Inducible heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a stress protein whose expression is upregulated when the cell or organism is placed under conditions of stress. H…
- [Human Orexin A, HCRT1 ELISA Kit, E1296Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-orexin-a-hcrt1-elisa-kit/) - Neuropeptides that play a significant role in the regulation of food intake and sleep-wakefulness, possibly by coordinating the complex behavioral and physio…
- [Human Hemoglobin A1C, Hba1C ELISA Kit, E4060Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-hemoglobin-a1c-hba1c-elisa-kit/) - Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues. LVV-hemorphin-7 potentiates the activity of bradykinin, causing a decrease in b…
- [Human Hemoglobin, HB ELISA Kit, E2288Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-hemoglobin-hb-elisa-kit/) - Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues.…
- [Human H2A Histone Family, H2AFX ELISA Kit, E7195Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-h2a-histone-family-h2afx-elisa-kit/) - Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a …
- [Rabbit Glutathione S-transferases, GSTs ELISA Kit, E0211Rb](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/rabbit-glutathione-s-transferases-gsts-elisa-kit/) - Gluthathione S-transferase (GST) is a 26 kDa protein typically used as a fusion partner of recombinant proteins to increase the level of protein expression i…
- [Bovine Glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px ELISA Kit, E0006Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/bovine-glutathione-peroxidase-gsh-px-elisa-kit/) - Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx, EC 1.11.1.9) is an enzyme family with peroxidase activity, and plays important role in protecting of organisms from oxidative da…
- [Rat Glutathione, GSH ELISA Kit, EA0113Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rat-glutathione-gsh-elisa-kit/) - Glutathione is a small peptide composed of three amino acids: cysteine, glutamic acid, and glycine and is present in tissues in concentrations as high as one…
- [Human Glucose Regulated Protein 78, GRP78 ELISA Kit, E3624Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-glucose-regulated-protein-78-grp78-elisa-kit/) - Probably plays a role in facilitating the assembly of multimeric protein complexes inside the endoplasmic reticulum. Involved in the correct folding of prote…
- [Rabbit Glutathione reductase, GR ELISA Kit, E0108Rb](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rabbit-glutathione-reductase-gr-elisa-kit/) - Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol.…
- [Rabbit Glutathione Peroxidase, GPX ELISA Kit, E0175Rb](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rabbit-glutathione-peroxidase-gpx-elisa-kit/) - Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx, EC 1.11.1.9) is an enzyme family with peroxidase activity, and plays important role in protecting of organisms from oxidative da…
- [Human G Protein Coupled Receptor 19, GPR19 ELISA Kit, E6629Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-g-protein-coupled-receptor-19-gpr19-elisa-kit/) - Orphan receptor…
- [Rat Ghrelin, GHRL ELISA Kit, E0896Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-ghrelin-ghrl-elisa-kit/) - Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary. Has an appetite-stimu…
- [Human Glycated hemoglobin A1c, GHbA1c ELISA Kit, E0023Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-glycated-hemoglobin-a1c-ghba1c-elisa-kit/) - Involved in oxygen transport from the lung to the various peripheral tissues. LVV-hemorphin-7 potentiates the activity of bradykinin, causing a decrease in b…
- [Bovine Growth hormone, GH ELISA Kit, E0013Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/bovine-growth-hormone-gh-elisa-kit-2/) - Plays an important role in growth control. Its major role in stimulating body growth is to stimulate the liver and other tissues to secrete IGF-1. It stimula…
- [Human Glucokinase, GCK ELISA Kit, E0773Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-glucokinase-gck-elisa-kit/) - Catalyzes the initial step in utilization of glucose by the beta-cell and liver at physiological glucose concentration. Glucokinase has a high Km for glucose…
- [Rat Galectin-3, Gal-3 ELISA Kit, E1533Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rat-galectin-3-gal-3-elisa-kit/) - Galectin-3 (Gal-3, Galactoside-binding protein, Mac-2 antigen) is a member of the galectin family of carbohydrate-binding proteins. Galectin-3 is active intr…
- [Rat Gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA ELISA Kit, E0102Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/rat-gamma-aminobutyric-acid-gaba-elisa-kit/) - Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter. GABA acts at inhibitory synapses in the brain and spinal cord. Inhibition is provoked …
- [Human Free fatty acids, FFA ELISA Kit, E2013Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-free-fatty-acids-ffa-elisa-kit/) - Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with long hydrocarbon chains. The hydrocarbon chain length may vary from 8-30 carbons. Fatty acids play very important roles…
- [Rat Factor-related Apoptosis ligand, FASL ELISA Kit, E0214Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rat-factor-related-apoptosis-ligand-fasl-elisa-kit/) - Fas Ligand (FasL), also known as Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 or CD95 ligand is a cytokine that binds to TNFRSF6/FAS/CD95, a receptor th…
- [Human Estrogen receptor Alpha, ESR1 ELISA Kit, E7871Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-estrogen-receptor-alpha-esr1-elisa-kit/) - Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular prolifera…
- [Rat Endothelial nitric oxide synthase, eNOS ELISA Kit, E0465Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-endothelial-nitric-oxide-synthase-enos-elisa-kit/) - eNOS, or NOS3, is an endothelial enzyme which produces nitric oxide and is the constitutively activated form found primarily in the vasculature. The nitric o…
- [Rabbit Epidermal Growth Factor, EGF ELISA Kit, E0023Rb](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rabbit-epidermal-growth-factor-egf-elisa-kit/) - EGF precursor is a large 1185 amino acid group 1 member of the EGF family growth factors. All EGF family growth factors are synthesized as transmembrane prot…
- [Goat Estrone Sulfate, E1S ELISA Kit, E0110GO](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/goat-estrone-sulfate-e1s-elisa-kit/) - Estrone sulfate could be an important stimulant of tumorgrowth in hormone-dependent breast carcinoma.…
- [Human Deoxypyridinoline, DPD ELISA Kit, E1455Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-deoxypyridinoline-dpd-elisa-kit/) - Involved in pyrimidine base degradation. Catalyzes the reduction of uracil and thymine. Also involved the degradation of the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorour…
- [Human Dickkopf-3, DKK3 ELISA Kit, E2065Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-dickkopf-3-dkk3-elisa-kit/) - Antagonizes canonical Wnt signaling by inhibiting LRP5/6 interaction with Wnt and by forming a ternary complex with the transmembrane protein KREMEN that pro…
- [Human DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein, DEPTOR ELISA Kit, E6973HU](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-dep-domain-containing-mtor-interacting-protein-deptor-elisa-kit/) - DEPTOR is capable of inhibiting mTORC1 signaling and activation of mTORC2 signaling.…
- [Rat Vitamin D-binding protein, DBP ELISA Kit, E0616Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/rat-vitamin-d-binding-protein-dbp-elisa-kit/) - Vitamin D Binding Protein, also known as gc-globulin, is a 458 - amino acid, glycosylated protein encoded by the gene GC, which is in the albumin gene family…
- [Rat Dopamine D2 receptor, D2R ELISA Kit, E0221Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/rat-dopamine-d2-receptor-d2r-elisa-kit/) - This is one of the five types (D1 to D5) of receptors for dopamine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase.…
- [Rat Cross Linked C-telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen, CTX-1 ELISA Kit, E1146Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rat-cross-linked-c-telopeptide-of-type-1-collagen-ctx-1-elisa-kit/) - The degradation product oftypelcollagen.…
- [Human Cross Linked C-Telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen, CTX-1 ELISA Kit, E3700Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-cross-linked-c-telopeptide-of-type-1-collagen-ctx-1-elisa-kit/) - The degradation product oftypelcollagen.…
- [Human Complement C1q tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3, CTRP3 ELISA Kit, E3300Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-complement-c1q-tumor-necrosis-factor-related-protein-3-ctrp3-elisa-kit/) - C1q/TNF-related protein 3 (CTRP3) represents an adipokine with various metabolic and immune-regulatory functions. …
- [Human Chondroitin sulfate, CS ELISA Kit, E1895Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-chondroitin-sulfate-cs-elisa-kit/) - Chondroitin sulfate is mucopolysaccharides-class substance extracted from animal cartilage. It has an important role in prevention and treatment of cardiovas…
- [Human Copeptin, CPP ELISA Kit, E1129Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-copeptin-cpp-elisa-kit/) - Copeptin is a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Copeptin is also the carboxyl terminus of the arginine vasopressin (AVP) …
- [Monkey C-Peptide, C-P ELISA Kit, E0030Mk](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/monkey-c-peptide-c-p-elisa-kit/) - C-peptide of insulin is a cleavage product produced during processing of the insulin pro-hormone to the mature insulin molecule. Proinsulin is cleaved when i…
- [Human Carboxymethyl Lysine, CML ELISA Kit, E1413Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-carboxymethyl-lysine-cml-elisa-kit/) - N epsilon carboxymethyl lysine (CML or Carboxymethyl Lysine) is formed by the non enzymatic Schiff base reaction of glucose with proteins, followed by an Ama…
- [Rat Creatine Kinase MB isoenzyme, CK-MB ELISA Kit, E0311Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-creatine-kinase-mb-isoenzyme-ck-mb-elisa-kit/) - Creatine Kinase MB consists of a dimer of nonidentical chains. With MM being the major form in skeletal muscle and myocardium, MB existing in myocardium, and…
- [Rat Choline acetyltransferase, ChAT ELISA Kit, E0725Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/rat-choline-acetyltransferase-chat-elisa-kit/) - Catalyzes the reversible synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh) from acetyl CoA and choline at cholinergic synapses.…
- [Rat Creatine Kinase, CK ELISA Kit, E1483Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-creatine-kinase-ck-elisa-kit/) - Creatine Kinase (CK) also known as creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and ATP: creatine N-phosphotransferase is a common cellular enzyme. It catalyzes the reversib…
- [Human Calcitonin gene related peptide, CGRP ELISA Kit, E1061Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-calcitonin-gene-related-peptide-cgrp-elisa-kit/) - S100A12, also known as CCRP and calgranulin C, is encoded by the S100A12 gene and a member of the S100 family. Found secreted by neutrophils, monocytes, and …
- [Bovine Ceruloplasmin, Cer ELISA Kit, E0395Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/bovine-ceruloplasmin-cer-elisa-kit/) - Ceruloplasmin is a blue, copper-binding (6-7 atoms per molecule) glycoprotein. It has ferroxidase activity oxidizing Fe(2+) to Fe(3+) without releasing radic…
- [Rat Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1, CDKN1A ELISA Kit, E1082Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rat-cyclin-dependent-kinase-inhibitor-1-cdkn1a-elisa-kit/) - May be the important intermediate by which p53/TP53 mediates its role as an inhibitor of cellular proliferation in response to DNA damage. Binds to and inhib…
- [Fish Catalase, CAT ELISA Kit, E0019Fi](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/fish-catalase-cat-elisa-kit-2/) - Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.…
- [Rabbit Catalase, CAT ELISA Kit, E0174Rb](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rabbit-catalase-cat-elisa-kit/) - Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.…
- [Rat Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinases 3, CASP3 ELISA Kit, E0280Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rat-cysteinyl-aspartate-specific-proteinases-3-casp3-elisa-kit/) - Caspase-3 is a cytoplasmic cysteine protease involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for execution of apoptosis. At the onset of apoptosis…
- [Human Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP ELISA Kit, E1567Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-cyclic-adenosine-monophosphate-camp-elisa-kit/) - Adenosine 3’,5’-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP, cAMP) is an important “second messenger” involved in many physiological processes. It plays a key role as a…
- [Human Calprotectin, CAL ELISA Kit, E4010Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-calprotectin-cal-elisa-kit/) - Calprotectin(S100A9) is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. It …
- [Rat Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2, Bcl2 ELISA Kit, E0037Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rat-apoptosis-regulator-bcl-2-bcl2-elisa-kit/) - Bcl-2 is the founding member of the apoptotic-regulating Bcl-2 family of proteins. It is considered an apoptosis suppressor in many cell systems and has been…
- [Rat Apoptosis regulator BAX, BAX ELISA Kit, E0034Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rat-apoptosis-regulator-bax-bax-elisa-kit-2/) - Bax is a pro-apoptotic factor of Bcl-2 family. It accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the apoptosis repressor BCL2 or its adeno…
- [Rat Amyloid beta peptide 1-42, Aβ1-42 ELISA Kit, E0093Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/rat-amyloid-beta-peptide-1-42-aβ1-42-elisa-kit/) - Amyloid Beta (Aβ) peptides are derived from amyloid precursor proteins (APP) through sequential proteolytic cleavage of APP by β-secretases and γ-secretases …
- [Human Asprosin, ASPROSIN ELISA Kit, E4095Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-asprosin-asprosin-elisa-kit/) - Asprosin is a hormone that targets the liver to increase plasma glucose levels. Asprosin is secreted by white adipose tissue and circulates in the plasma. As…
- [Human arginine, Arg ELISA Kit, E1911Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-arginine-arg-elisa-kit/) - A bitter tasting amino acid found in proteins and necessary for nutrition; its absence from the diet leads to a reduced production of spermatozoa.…
- [Human Apolipoprotein E, Apo-E ELISA Kit, E1451Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-apolipoprotein-e-apo-e-elisa-kit/) - Apolipoprotein E is a glycoprotein synthesized mainly in the liver and the brain and is a component of most lipoproteins with the exception of low-density li…
- [Human Phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase, AMPK ELISA Kit, E0746Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-phosphorylated-adenosine-monophosphate-activated-protein-kinase-ampk-elisa-kit/) - Responsible for the regulation of fatty acid synthesis by phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. It also regulates cholesterol synthesis via phosphorylat…
- [Bovine Anti Mullerian Hormone, AMH ELISA Kit, E0241Bo](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/bovine-anti-mullerian-hormone-amh-elisa-kit/) - Anti mullerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the TGF beta superfamily. It is secreted as a homodimeric 140kD disulphide linked precursor that is cleaved to re…
- [Human Allopregnanolone, ALLO ELISA Kit, E7379Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-allopregnanolone-allo-elisa-kit/) - Allopregnanolone is a GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator. Neuroactive steroid.…
- [Human Asymmetrical dimethylarginine, ADMA ELISA Kit, E1887Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-asymmetrical-dimethylarginine-adma-elisa-kit/) - Asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) is the most potentof them and represents a novel risk factor for endothelialdysfunction. …
- [Rat Adiponectin, ADIPOQ ELISA Kit, E0758Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-adiponectin-adipoq-elisa-kit/) - Important adipokine involved in the control of fat metabolism and insulin sensitivity, with direct anti-diabetic, anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory acti…
- [Rat Anti-diuretic hormone, ADH ELISA Kit, E0385Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/rat-anti-diuretic-hormone-adh-elisa-kit/) - Hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland (trade name Pitressin) and also by nerve endings in the hypothalamus; affects blood pressure by stimulating…
- [Human A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 9, ADAMTS9 ELISA Kit, E3558Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-a-disintegrin-and-metalloproteinase-with-thrombospondin-motifs-9-adamts9-elisa-kit-2/) - Cleaves the large aggregating proteoglycans, aggrecan (at the '1838-Glu-|-Ala-1839' site) and versican (at the '1428-Glu-|-Ala-1429' site). Has a protease-in…
- [Human 8-Hydroxy-desoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG ELISA Kit, E1436Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-8-hydroxy-desoxyguanosine-8-ohdg-elisa-kit/) - 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) ELISA Kit is used for quantitative measurement of 8-OHdG in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, culture supernatants and …
- [Rat 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 7, 5-HTR7 ELISA Kit, E3324Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/rat-5-hydroxytryptamine-receptor-7-5-htr7-elisa-kit/) - This is one of the several different receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a…
- [Rat Serotonin, 5-HT ELISA Kit, E0866Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/rat-serotonin-5-ht-elisa-kit/) - Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a monoamine found in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood with broad physiological function…
- [Human 4-Hydroxynonenal, 4HNE ELISA Kit, E1978Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/human-4-hydroxynonenal-4hne-elisa-kit-2/) - 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is a lipid peroxidation product derived from oxidized ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid. 4- HNE is widely use…
- [Human 3-Nitrotyrosine, 3-NT ELISA Kit, E1425Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-3-nitrotyrosine-3-nt-elisa-kit/) - 3-NT is a post-translational modification in proteins occurring through the action of a nitrating agent resulting in the addition of aNO2 group leading to pr…
- [Human 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, 25(OH)D3 ELISA Kit, E1981Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-25-hydroxyvitamin-d3-25ohd3-elisa-kit/) - a metabolically activated form of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) synthesized in the liver.…
- [Rat 17 beta Estradiol, 17B-E2 ELISA Kit, E1393Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-17-beta-estradiol-17b-e2-elisa-kit/) - 17β-Estradiol is a greatly under-appreciated neural growth and trophic factor for the mammalian brain of all ages.…
- [Human Rotavirus Antigen, RV Ag ELISA Kit, ED0076Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-rotavirus-antigen-rv-ag-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Canine Parvovirus Antibody IgG ELISA Kit, ED0022Ca](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/canine-parvovirus-antibody-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Antibody IgM, HPV16 IgM ELISA Kit, ED0474Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-papillomavirus-type-16-antibody-igm-hpv16-igm-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Hpv16L1 Antibody, IgG ELISA Kit, ED0344Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-hpv16l1-antibody-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Hepatitis E Virus Antibody, IgM ELISA Kit, ED0066Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-hepatitis-e-virus-antibody-igm-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Hepatitis E Virus IgG, HEV-IgG ELISA Kit, ED0034Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-hepatitis-e-virus-igg-hev-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Epstein-Barr Virus Early Antigen (EBEA) Antibody, IgG ELISA Kit, ED0291Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/human-epstein-barr-virus-early-antigen-ebea-antibody-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Aquaporin 4 Antibody, AQP-4 AB ELISA Kit, ED0546Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-aquaporin-4-antibody-aqp-4-ab-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Anti-Helicobacter Pylori (Hp) Antibody IgM ELISA Kit, ED0307Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-anti-helicobacter-pylori-hp-antibody-igm-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Anti-Cytomegalovirus Antibody, IgG ELISA Kit, ED0451Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-anti-cytomegalovirus-antibody-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody, CCP ELISA Kit, ED0108Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-anti-cyclic-citrullinated-peptide-antibody-ccp-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Anti-Endomysial Antibody (EMA, IgA) ELISA Kit, ED0011Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/human-anti-endomysial-antibody-ema-iga-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Porcine Japanese Encephalitis Antibody IgG ELISA Kit, ED0021Po](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/porcine-japanese-encephalitis-antibody-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Anti Respiratory Syncytial Virus Antibody IgG ELISA Kit, ED0293Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-anti-respiratory-syncytial-virus-antibody-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Mouse Anti-Nuclear Antibody, IgG ELISA Kit, ED0085Mo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/mouse-anti-nuclear-antibody-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody, ACHR Ab ELISA Kit, ED0426Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-acetylcholine-receptor-antibody-achr-ab-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Transglutaminase 6 Antibody, IgG ELISAKIT, ED0106Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-transglutaminase-6-antibody-igg-elisakit/) - …
- [Human Anti-Helicobacter Pylori (Hp) Antibody IgG ELISA Kit, ED0446Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-anti-helicobacter-pylori-hp-antibody-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Tuberculosis (Tb) Antibody IgG, TB Ab IgG ELISA Kit, ED0324Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-tuberculosis-tb-antibody-igg-tb-ab-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Papillomavirus Antibody, IgM ELISA Kit, ED0220Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-papillomavirus-antibody-igm-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Hepatitis D Virus IgG, HDV IgG ELISA Kit, ED0029Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-hepatitis-d-virus-igg-hdv-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Enterovirus 71 Antibody IgG, EV71 AB IgG ELISA Kit, ED0251Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/human-enterovirus-71-antibody-igg-ev71-ab-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Canine Brucella Antibody, IgG ELISA Kit, ED0004Ca](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/canine-brucella-antibody-igg-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Salmonella Typhi (St) Antibody, IgM ELISA Kit, ED0102Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/human-salmonella-typhi-st-antibody-igm-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Rat Testosterone ELISA Kit, EA0023Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-testosterone-elisa-kit/) - Testosterone is the primary sex hormone and anabolic steroid in males. In male humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive …
- [Rat Thyroxine, T4 ELISA Kit, EA0027Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-thyroxine-t4-elisa-kit/) - Thyroid hormones are two hormones produced and released by the thyroid gland, namely triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). They are tyrosine-based hormon…
- [Rat Progesterone, PROG ELISA Kit, EA0063Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-progesterone-prog-elisa-kit/) - Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other spec…
- [Rat Low Density Lipoprotein, LDL ELISA Kit, EA0021Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-low-density-lipoprotein-ldl-elisa-kit/) - Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the five major groups of lipoprotein which transport all fat molecules around the body in the extracellular water. Th…
- [Rat Inhibin B, INHB ELISA Kit, EA0059Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-inhibin-b-inhb-elisa-kit/) - Activin and inhibin are two closely related protein complexes that have almost directly opposite biological effects. Identified in 1986, activin enhances FSH…
- [Rat Immunoglobulin M, IgM ELISA Kit, EA0034Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/rat-immunoglobulin-m-igm-elisa-kit/) - Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is one of several isotypes of antibody (also known as immunoglobulin) that are produced by vertebrates. IgM is the largest antibody, a…
- [Rat Immunoglobulin G, IgG ELISA Kit, EA0033Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/rat-immunoglobulin-g-igg-elisa-kit/) - Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in …
- [Rat Immunoglobulin A, IgA ELISA Kit, EA0032Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/rat-immunoglobulin-a-iga-elisa-kit/) - Immunoglobulin A (IgA, also referred to as sIgA in its secretory form) is an antibody that plays a crucial role in the immune function of mucous membranes. T…
- [Rat Hydroxyproline, HYP ELISA Kit, EA0040Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-hydroxyproline-hyp-elisa-kit/) - (2S,4R)-4-Hydroxyproline, or L-hydroxyproline (C5H9O3N), is an amino acid, abbreviated as Hyp or O, e.g., in Protein Data Bank.…
- [Rat Fibrinogen, FBG ELISA Kit, EA0056Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-fibrinogen-fbg-elisa-kit/) - Fibrinogen (factor I) is a glycoprotein complex, made in the liver, that circulates in the blood of all vertebrates. During tissue and vascular injury, it is…
- [Rat Estradiol, E2 ELISA Kit, EA0011Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-estradiol-e2-elisa-kit/) - Estradiol (E2), also spelled oestradiol, is an estrogen steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone. It is involved in the regulation of the estrous and…
- [Rat Epinephrine, EPI ELISA Kit, EA0043Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/rat-epinephrine-epi-elisa-kit/) - Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration). Adrenaline is norm…
- [Rat Corticosterone, CORT ELISA Kit, EA0036Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/rat-corticosterone-cort-elisa-kit/) - Corticosterone, also known as 17-deoxycortisol and 11beta,21-dihydroxyprogesterone, is a 21-carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type produced in the…
- [Rat Anti-Mullerian Hormone, AMH ELISA Kit, EA0083Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-anti-mullerian-hormone-amh-elisa-kit/) - Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), also known as Müllerian-inhibiting hormone (MIH), is a glycoprotein hormone structurally related to inhibin and activin from th…
- [Rat Alpha-1-antitrypsin, SERPINA1 ELISA Kit, EA0075Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-alpha-1-antitrypsin-serpina1-elisa-kit/) - Alpha-1 antitrypsin or alpha1-antitrypsin (A1AT, alpha1AT, A1A, or AAT) is a protein belonging to the serpin superfamily. It is encoded in humans by the SERP…
- [Rat Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, ACTH ELISA Kit, EA0017Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/rat-adrenocorticotropic-hormone-acth-elisa-kit/) - Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; also adrenocorticotropin, corticotropin) is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by and secreted by the anterior pituitar…
- [Mouse Progesterone, PROG ELISA Kit, EA0016Mo](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/mouse-progesterone-prog-elisa-kit/) - Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other spec…
- [Mouse Immunoglobulin G, IgG ELISA Kit, EA0027Mo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/mouse-immunoglobulin-g-igg-elisa-kit/) - Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in …
- [Mouse Follicle-stimulating Hormone, FSH ELISA Kit, EA0014Mo](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/mouse-follicle-stimulating-hormone-fsh-elisa-kit/) - Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone. FSH is synthesized and secreted by the gonadotropic cells of the an…
- [Human Progesterone, PROG ELISA Kit, EA0024Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-progesterone-prog-elisa-kit/) - Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other spec…
- [Human Plasminogen, PLG ELISA Kit, EA0040Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/human-plasminogen-plg-elisa-kit/) - Plasmin is an important enzyme (EC 3.4.21.7) present in blood that degrades many blood plasma proteins, including fibrin clots. The degradation of fibrin is …
- [Human Inhibin B, INHB ELISA Kit, EA0020Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-inhibin-b-inhb-elisa-kit/) - Activin and inhibin are two closely related protein complexes that have almost directly opposite biological effects. Identified in 1986, activin enhances FSH…
- [Human Inhibin A, INHA ELISA Kit, EA0021Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-inhibin-a-inha-elisa-kit/) - Activin and inhibin are two closely related protein complexes that have almost directly opposite biological effects. Identified in 1986, activin enhances FSH…
- [Human Estradiol, E2 ELISA Kit, EA0030Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-estradiol-e2-elisa-kit/) - Estradiol (E2), also spelled oestradiol, is an estrogen steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone. It is involved in the regulation of the estrous and…
- [Human Dopamine-B-hydroxylase, DBH ELISA Kit, EA0014Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-dopamine-b-hydroxylase-dbh-elisa-kit/) - Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH), also known as dopamine beta-monooxygenase, is an enzyme (EC 1.14.17.1) that in humans is encoded by the DBH gene. Dopamine b…
- [Human Coenzyme Q10, COQ10 ELISA Kit, EA0076Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-coenzyme-q10-coq10-elisa-kit/) - Coenzyme Q, also known as ubiquinone, is a coenzyme family that is ubiquitous in animals and most bacteria (hence the name ubiquinone). In humans, the most c…
- [Human 4-hydroxynonenal, 4HNE ELISA Kit, EA0066Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-4-hydroxynonenal-4hne-elisa-kit/) - 4-Hydroxynonenal, or 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal or 4-HNE or HNE, (C9H16O2), is an alpha,beta-unsaturated hydroxyalkenal that is produced by lipid peroxidation in ce…
- [Human 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT ELISA Kit, EA0042Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-5-hydroxytryptamine-5ht-elisa-kit/) - Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter. Its biological function is complex and multifaceted, modulating mood, cognition, rew…
- [Guinea Pig Immunoglobulin G, IgG ELISA Kit, EA0000Gp](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/guinea-pig-immunoglobulin-g-igg-elisa-kit/) - Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in …
- [Goat Immunoglobulin G, IgG ELISA Kit, EA0025GO](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/goat-immunoglobulin-g-igg-elisa-kit/) - Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in …
- [Goat Cortisol, COR ELISA Kit, EA0007GO](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/goat-cortisol-cor-elisa-kit/) - Cortisol is a steroid hormone, in the glucocorticoid class of hormones. When used as a medication, it is known as hydrocortisone.…
- [General Testosterone ELISA Kit, EA0009Ge](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/general-testosterone-elisa-kit/) - Testosterone is the primary sex hormone and anabolic steroid in males. In male humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive …
- [General Cortisol, COR ELISA Kit, EA0010Ge](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/general-cortisol-cor-elisa-kit/) - Cortisol is a steroid hormone, in the glucocorticoid class of hormones. When used as a medication, it is known as hydrocortisone. It is produced in many anim…
- [Fish Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, TSH ELISA Kit, EA0028Fi](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/fish-thyroid-stimulating-hormone-tsh-elisa-kit/) - Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to …
- [Fish Superoxide Dismutase, SOD ELISA Kit, EA0035Fi](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/fish-superoxide-dismutase-sod-elisa-kit/) - Superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) is an enzyme that alternately catalyzes the dismutation (or partitioning) of the superoxide (O−2) radical into ordina…
- [Fish Growth Hormone, GH ELISA Kit, EA0021Fi](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/fish-growth-hormone-gh-elisa-kit/) - Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin, also known as human growth hormones (hGH or HGH) in its human form, is a Peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell re…
- [Fish Glutathione Peroxidase, GSH-PX ELISA Kit, EA0029Fi](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/fish-glutathione-peroxidase-gsh-px-elisa-kit/) - Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (EC 1.11.1.9) is the general name of an enzyme family with peroxidase activity whose main biological role is to protect the orga…
- [Fish Catalase, CAT ELISA Kit, EA0006Fi](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/fish-catalase-cat-elisa-kit/) - Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals) which catalyzes the decomposition …
- [Fish Estradiol, E2 ELISA Kit, EA0016Fi](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/fish-estradiol-e2-elisa-kit/) - Estradiol (E2), also spelled oestradiol, is an estrogen steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone. It is involved in the regulation of the estrous and…
- [Fish Acetylcholinesterase, ACHE ELISA Kit, EA0005Fi](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/fish-acetylcholinesterase-ache-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Bovine Adiponectin, ADP ELISA Kit, EA0016Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/bovine-adiponectin-adp-elisa-kit/) - Adiponectin (also referred to as GBP-28, apM1, AdipoQ and Acrp30) is a protein hormone and adipokine, which is involved in regulating glucose levels as well …
- [Human Dopamine, DA ELISA Kit, EA0041Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-dopamine-da-elisa-kit/) - Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is a neurotransmitter that plays several important roles in the brain and body. It is an organic …
- [Bovine Progesterone, PROG ELISA Kit, EA0008Bo](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/bovine-progesterone-prog-elisa-kit/) - Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other spec…
- [Chicken Interleukin 10, IL-10 ELISA Kit, EA0015Ch](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/chicken-interleukin-10-il-10-elisa-kit/) - Interleukin 10 (IL-10), also known as human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. In humans, interleukin 10 is encod…
- [Goat Progesterone ELISA Kit, EA0005Go](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/goat-progesterone-elisa-kit/) - Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other spec…
- [Bovine Cortisol, COR ELISA Kit, EA0021Bo](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/bovine-cortisol-cor-elisa-kit/) - Cortisol is a steroid hormone, in the glucocorticoid class of hormones. When used as a medication, it is known as hydrocortisone. It is produced in many anim…
- [Rat Luteinizing Hormone, LH ELISA Kit, EA0013Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-luteinizing-hormone-lh-elisa-kit/) - Luteinizing hormone (LH, also known as lutropin and sometimes lutrophin) is a hormone produced by gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland. The pro…
- [Rat Follicle-stimulating Hormone, FSH ELISA Kit, EA0015Ra](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/rat-follicle-stimulating-hormone-fsh-elisa-kit/) - Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone. FSH is synthesized and secreted by the gonadotropic cells of the an…
- [Sheep Progesterone, PROG ELISA Kit, EA0004Sh](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/sheep-progesterone-prog-elisa-kit/) - Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other spec…
- [Human Glutathione, GSH ELISA Kit, EA0142Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/human-glutathione-gsh-elisa-kit/) - Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant in plants, animals, fungi, and some bacteria and archaea. Glutathione is capable of preventing damage to important cellul…
- [Human 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, DVD, DHVD3 ELISA Kit, EA0057Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/human-1-25-dihydroxyvitamin-d3-dvd-dhvd3-elisa-kit/) - Calcitriol is the active form of vitamin D, normally made in the kidney. It is also known as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. It is a hormone which binds to an…
- [Chicken Parathyroid Hormone, PTH ELISA Kit, EA0027Ch](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/chicken-parathyroid-hormone-pth-elisa-kit/) - Parathyroid hormone (PTH), also called parathormone or parathyrin, is a hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands that regulates the serum calcium concentra…
- [Chicken Corticosterone, CORT ELISA Kit, EA0019Ch](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/chicken-corticosterone-cort-elisa-kit/) - Corticosterone, also known as 17-deoxycortisol and 11beta,21-dihydroxyprogesterone, is a 21-carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type produced in the…
- [Bovine Growth Hormone, GH ELISA Kit, EA0006Bo](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/bovine-growth-hormone-gh-elisa-kit/) - Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin, also known as human growth hormones (hGH or HGH) in its human form, is a Peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell re…
- [Rat C-Peptide, C-Peptide ELISA Kit, EA0006Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/rat-c-peptide-c-peptide-elisa-kit/) - Gastrin is a Peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility. It is release…
- [Human Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 4, MAP4K4 ELISA Kit , E5689Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-mitogen-activated-protein-kinase-4-map4k4-elisa-kit/) - MAP4K4, also known as hepatocyte progenitor kinase-like/germinal center kinase-like kinase (HGK) and Nck-interacting kinase (NIK) – is an enzyme, specificall…
- [Rat Interleukin 1 Beta, IL-1B ELISA Kit, E0119Ra](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/rat-interleukin-1-beta-il-1b-elisa-kit/) - IL-1β is a member of the interleukin 1 family of cytokines. This cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically proc…
- [Human Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase Type 5, TRAP5 ELISA Kit, E7393Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-tartrate-resistant-acid-phosphatase-type-5-trap5-elisa-kit/) - Involved in osteopontin/bone sialoprotein dephosphorylation. Its expression seems to increase in certain pathological states such as Gaucher and Hodgkin dise…
- [Human Pancreatic Prohormone, PROPPY ELISA Kit, E7392Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/human-pancreatic-prohormone-proppy-elisa-kit/) - Pancreatic hormone is synthesized in pancreatic islets of Langerhans and acts as a regulator of pancreatic and gastrointestinal functions. The physiological…
- [Human Calsyntenin 1, CLSTN1 ELISA Kit, E7326Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/human-calsyntenin-1-clstn1-elisa-kit/) - Induces KLC1 association with vesicles and functions as a cargo in axonal anterograde transport. Complex formation with APBA2 and APP, stabilizes APP metabol…
- [Human Immunoglobulin Lambda-like Polypeptide 1, IGLL1 ELISA Kit, E7325Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/human-immunoglobulin-lambda-like-polypeptide-1-igll1-elisa-kit/) - Immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGLL1 gene. IGLL1 has also recently been designated CD179B (cluster of…
- [Human Leucine Zipper Protein 1, LUZP1 ELISA Kit, E7320Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-leucine-zipper-protein-1-luzp1-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Zinc Finger Ccch-type Containing 4, ZC3H4 ELISA Kit, E7319Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-zinc-finger-ccch-type-containing-4-zc3h4-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human E3 Ubiquitin-protein Ligase Dtx3L, DTX3L ELISA Kit, E7314Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-e3-ubiquitin-protein-ligase-dtx3l-dtx3l-elisa-kit/) - E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which, in association with ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP9, plays a role in DNA damage repair and in interferon-mediated antiviral r…
- [Human Nuclear Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein Interacting Protein 2, NUFIP2 ELISA Kit, E7313Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/human-nuclear-fragile-x-mental-retardation-protein-interacting-protein-2-nufip2-elisa-kit/) - Nuclear fragile X mental retardation-interacting protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NUFIP2 gene.…
- [Human Elongation Factor 1-beta, EEF1B2 ELISA Kit, E7305Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-elongation-factor-1-beta-eef1b2-elisa-kit/) - Elongation factor 1-beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EEF1B2 gene.…
- [Human Sam and Sh3 Domain Containing 3, SASH3 ELISA Kit, E7304Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/human-sam-and-sh3-domain-containing-3-sash3-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Prefoldin Subunit 6, PFDN6 ELISA Kit, E7302Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-prefoldin-subunit-6-pfdn6-elisa-kit/) - Binds specifically to cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) and transfers target proteins to it. Binds to nascent polypeptide chain and promotes folding in an environ…
- [Human Signal Recognition Particle 54 kDa Protein, SRP54 ELISA Kit, E7281Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-signal-recognition-particle-54-kda-protein-srp54-elisa-kit/) - Binds to the signal sequence of presecretory protein when they emerge from the ribosomes and transfers them to TRAM (translocating chain-associating membrane…
- [Human Adp Ribosylation Factor Gtpase Activating Protein 3, ARFGAP3 ELISA Kit, E7279Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-adp-ribosylation-factor-gtpase-activating-protein-3-arfgap3-elisa-kit/) - GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for ADP ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1). Hydrolysis of ARF1-bound GTP may lead to dissociation of coatomer from Golgi-derived me…
- [Human Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor Like Protein, PDGFRL ELISA Kit, E7012Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-platelet-derived-growth-factor-receptor-like-protein-pdgfrl-elisa-kit/) - …
- [Human Mitochondrial-derived Peptide Mots-C, MT-RNR1 ELISA Kit, E6880Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/human-mitochondrial-derived-peptide-mots-c-mt-rnr1-elisa-kit/) - Regulates insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis. Inhibits the folate cycle, thereby reducing de novo purine biosynthesis which leads to the accumulat…
- [Human Transcriptional Coactivator Yap1, YAP1 ELISA Kit, E6874Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-transcriptional-coactivator-yap1-yap1-elisa-kit/) - Transcriptional regulator which can act both as a coactivator and a corepressor and is the critical downstream regulatory target in the Hippo signaling pathw…
- [Human Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase, PAH ELISA Kit, E6875Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase-pah-elisa-kit/) - Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) (EC 1.14.16.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of the aromatic side-chain of phenylalanine to generate tyrosine…
- [Human High Mobility Group Nucleosome-binding Domain-containing Protein 4, HMGN4 ELISA Kit, E6863Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-high-mobility-group-nucleosome-binding-domain-containing-protein-4-hmgn4-elisa-kit/) - High mobility group nucleosome-binding domain-containing protein 4 is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the HMGN4 gene.…
- [Human Inosine-5-monophosphate Dehydrogenase 2, IMPDH2 ELISA Kit, E6854Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/human-inosine-5-monophosphate-dehydrogenase-2-impdh2-elisa-kit/) - Catalyzes the conversion of inosine 5'-phosphate (IMP) to xanthosine 5'-phosphate (XMP), the first committed and rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis …
- [Human Chymotrypsin-like Elastase Family Member 3B, CELA3B ELISA Kit, E6849Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-chymotrypsin-like-elastase-family-member-3b-cela3b-elisa-kit/) - Chymotrypsin-like elastase family member 3B also known as elastase-3B, protease E, or fecal elastase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CELA3B gen…
- [Human Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase Complex Subunit 1, VKORC1 ELISA Kit, E6844Hu](https://biolinkk.com/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/human-vitamin-k-epoxide-reductase-complex-subunit-1-vkorc1-elisa-kit/) - Involved in vitamin K metabolism. Catalytic subunit of the vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) complex which reduces inactive vitamin K 2,3-epoxide to active …
- [Human Coatomer Subunit Alpha, COPA ELISA Kit, E6842Hu](https://biolinkk.com/elisa-kits/human-coatomer-subunit-alpha-copa-elisa-kit/) - The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further me…

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- [T16-ISO Instrument](https://biolinkk.com/t16-iso-instrument/) - Recombinase Polymerase Amplification RPA Products T16-ISO Instrument T16-ISO Instrument Order Now Description T16-ISO is an advanced isothermal instrument operating at a constant temperature that enables the next generation of diagnostic DNA/RNA amplification in a compact, low cost, stand alone, sensitive instrument suitable for field based and point of care diagnostic applications. Product code: T16Device Features
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- [Plant pathogens](https://biolinkk.com/rpa/rpa-and-plant-pathogens/) - Rice University RPA and plant pathogens TwistAmp® exo RT is being harnessed by researchers in the UK to develop a rapid, field-based diagnostic tool that will help farmers in West Africa to ensure that yam, one of the region’s most important staple food crops, can be propagated free from the most economically important viral disease,
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- [Plant Pathogens](https://biolinkk.com/plant-diagnostics/plant-pathogens/) - Home Plant Diagnostics Plant Pathogens Plant Pathogens BIOREBA provides plant diagnostic tests capable of detecting over 100 different pathogens, including: VirusesBacteriaFungiPhytoplasma Downloads Pathogens_of_fieldcrops.pdf Pathogens_of_fruittrees.pdf Pathogens_of_grapevines.pdf Pathogens_of_ornamentals.pdf Pathogens_of_potatoes.pdf Pathogens_of_vegetables.pdf More Info Overview BIOREBA Plant Pathogen Diagnostic Tests Crop: AgriStrip ELISA PCR, qPCR PCR macroarray
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- [Plant Diagnostics](https://biolinkk.com/plant-diagnostics/) - Home Plant Diagnostics Plant Diagnostics BIOREBA AG is an independent biotechnology company dedicated to providing cutting-edge diagnostic tests for the detection of plant pathogens. These harmful organisms are responsible for plant diseases that lead to tens of billions of dollars in crop losses annually. Early detection of infected plants and seeds is crucial for ensuring
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- [etc](https://biolinkk.com/?elementor_library=etc) - NanoDrop ProductsInstruments for rapid microvolume analysis of DNA, RNA and protein samplesClick HereGet Better ResultsUpgrade to Milwaukee for Quick, accurate digital testing. Click HereBENCHMARK CENTRIFUGESMicro Centrifuges & Mini Centrifuges Click HereCRYSTE CENTRIFUGESMulti-Purpose & Floot-Top Centrifuges Click Here BIOLINKK Established in 2007, BIOLINKK is a seasoned and knowledgeable company that offers cutting-edge technologies of the utmost
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- [consumable homepage](https://biolinkk.com/?elementor_library=consumable-homepage-2) - Click Chemistry Tools and Fluoroprobes Integration into Vector LaboratoriesZymo Research has decided to discontinue the manufacture and distribution of the OneStep qMethyl PCR kit – Catalog numbers D5310/D5311 by April 1st, 2024.Zymo Research: Notification of CE-IVD product change Established in 2007, BIOLINKK is a seasoned and knowledgeable company that offers cutting-edge technologies of the utmost
- [consumable homepage](https://biolinkk.com/?elementor_library=consumable-homepage) - Click Chemistry Tools and Fluoroprobes Integration into Vector LaboratoriesZymo Research has decided to discontinue the manufacture and distribution of the OneStep qMethyl PCR kit – Catalog numbers D5310/D5311 by April 1st, 2024.Zymo Research: Notification of CE-IVD product change Established in 2007, BIOLINKK is a seasoned and knowledgeable company that offers cutting-edge technologies of the utmost
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- [homepage consumables](https://biolinkk.com/?elementor_library=homepage-consumables-2) - Click Chemistry Tools and Fluoroprobes Integration into Vector LaboratoriesZymo Research has decided to discontinue the manufacture and distribution of the OneStep qMethyl PCR kit – Catalog numbers D5310/D5311 by April 1st, 2024.Zymo Research: Notification of CE-IVD product change OUR PRINCIPALS >> View all Testimonials​ >> View all List Item #1 List Item #1 List Item
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- [etc](https://biolinkk.com/?elementor_library=etc-2) - NanoDrop ProductsInstruments for rapid microvolume analysis of DNA, RNA and protein samplesClick HereGet Better ResultsUpgrade to Milwaukee for Quick, accurate digital testing. Click HereBENCHMARK CENTRIFUGESMicro Centrifuges & Mini Centrifuges Click HereCRYSTE CENTRIFUGESMulti-Purpose & Floot-Top Centrifuges Click Here BIOLINKK Established in 2007, BIOLINKK is a seasoned and knowledgeable company that offers cutting-edge technologies of the utmost
- [testimonials](https://biolinkk.com/?elementor_library=testimonials-2) - Testimonials During the 7 years that we have worked with Biolinkk as our regional distributor in India they have been well-planned and goal-oriented partners with Solis BioDyne, who always offer excellent customer service and ensure great customer satisfaction. Carolin Kuuskmäe Marketing Specialist Biolinkk has been a representative of Molecular Research Center, Inc in India since
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- [Homepage with slider](https://biolinkk.com/?elementor_library=homepage-with-slider-3-2) - BENCHMARK CENTRIFUGESMicro Centrifuges & Mini Centrifuges Click HereCRYSTE CENTRIFUGESMulti-Purpose & Floot-Top Centrifuges Click Here BIOLINKK Established in 2007, BIOLINKK is a seasoned and knowledgeable company that offers cutting-edge technologies of the utmost quality in the life science market across India. We supply exceptional reagents, consumables, and equipment for Cell Biology, Genomics, and Protein Analysis. Our
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## News

- [Molnova- New Collaboration](https://biolinkk.com/news/molnova-new-collaboration/) - Molnova has evolved into one of the biggest global compounds and peptides supplier with over 20,000 products from over 20 singnaling pathways and 400 targets.
- [Tribioscience- New Collaboration](https://biolinkk.com/news/tribioscience-new-collaboration/) - Tribioscience, a leading biotechnology company focused on providing reagents to life science research laboratories and companies..
- [CPACHEm- New Collaboration](https://biolinkk.com/news/cpachem-new-collaboration/) - New business collaboration with CPACHEm Ltd., Bulgaria CPAchem Ltd Founded in 2001, CPAchem is a leading Bulgarian-French company known for pioneering custom-made standards tailored to meet the unique needs of each customer. CPAchem specializes in the production of high-quality certified reference materials, designed to support precise analytical testing across a wide range of industries. Specializations
- [Assay Biotechnology- New Collaboration](https://biolinkk.com/news/assay-biotechnology-new-collaboration/) - New business collaboration with Assay Biotechnology, California. About Assay Biotechnology Part of Immunoway Biotechnology Founded in January 2006, Assay Biotechnology has been a leading global provider of cutting-edge antibody and assay technologies, as well as fluorescent dyes, quenchers, recombinant proteins, and synthetic peptides. Based in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, we have consistently met
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of BOC Sciences](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-boc-sciences/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of BOC Sciences BOC Sciences provides a wide range of research chemicals and biochemicals including inhibitors, building blocks, GMP Products, impurities and metabolites, APIs for Veterinary, Natural Compounds, ADCs, Stem Cell Molecule and chiral compounds.Over eight years of successful operation in the pharmaceutical industry has enabled us to possess
- [Bioss Antibodies](https://biolinkk.com/news/bioss-antibodies/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of Bioss Bioss Inc is a leading antibody developer and manufacturer with state of the art technologies. They have developed over 11,000 primary antibodies and more than 130,000 derived products including fluorochrome conjugated antibodies. In addition to reliable loading control and tag antibodies, their catalog includes over 1000 specific
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of RevMAb](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-revmab-2/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of RevMAb RevMAb Biosciences USA, Inc is a biotechnology company focused on the development of recombinant monoclonal antibodies using a revolutionary technology that does not require cell fusion and hybridoma generation. Their mission is to promote personal health by accelerating biomedical research and advancing disease diagnosis.RevMAb Biosciences USA, Inc
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of ICHORBIO, US](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-ichorbio-us/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of ICHORBIO, Uk. We have recently collaborated with a new company ICHORBIO based in Oxford (UK). ICHORBIO is supplier of research grade biosimilars and in vivo antibodies. They support in producing next Great oncology breakthrough. Part of the reason why cancer is so difficult to treat is because it is constantly mutating – and therefore the
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of Expert Synthesis Solutions, Canada](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-expert-synthesis-solutions-canada/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of Expert Synthesis Solutions, Canada We have recently collaborated with a new company Expert Synthesis Solutions based in Canada. Expert Synthesis Solutions (ESS) is a research and development company specializing in low volume, high value organic synthesis of complex small molecules. ESS provide catalogue specialty compounds (rare and unique
- [Biotech Trading Partners](https://biolinkk.com/news/biotech-trading-partners/) - We have recently collaborated with a new company Biotech Trading Partners based in New York City, US. About Biotech Trading Partners Biotech Trading Partners was formed in 2001 to re-establish the partnerships that once existed between manufacturers and laboratorians; relationships forged to provide a service or product to improve the work-flow and quality of results.Biotech
- [Milwaukee Instruments, Inc., Europe](https://biolinkk.com/news/milwaukee-instruments-inc-europe/) - We have recently collaborated with a new company Milwaukee Instruments, Inc. Based in Europe. About Milwaukee UPGRADE TO MILWAUKEE INSTRUMENTS FOR QUICK, ACCURATE DIGITAL TESTING. For 30 years Milwaukee Instruments has been dedicated to helping hydroponics and greenhouse growers, winemakers, brewers, pool service technicians, reefers, educators and others raise their standards. We’ve made it possible
- [AkrivisBio, CA, U.S.A](https://biolinkk.com/news/akrivisbio/) - We have recently collaborated with a new company AkrivisBio , based in CA 94539 U.S.A About Acrivis Bio Helping The Discoveries of Tomorrow AkrivisBio is a provider of research products for the life science and biotechnology industry. “Akrivis” from the Greek, meaning precise, epitomizes our purpose, Bio, our field. Our products begin with a variety of chemical, biochemical and
- [BIOREBA AG, Switzerland](https://biolinkk.com/news/bioreba-ag/) - We have recently collaborated with a new company Bioreba AG , based in Switzerland. About Bioreba AG Your Partner in Agro-Diagnostics BIOREBA AG is an independent biotech company providing diagnostic tests for the detection of plant pathogens. Organisms such as these cause plant diseases that result in tens of billions of dollars in crop losses
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of CellMosaic®, Inc.](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-cellmosaic-inc/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of CellMosaic®, Inc. In January, 2021 , we have collaborated with a new company CellMosaic®, Inc. based in Woburn, Massachusetts, (US). CellMosaic®, Inc. is an innovator and leader in bioconjugation and crosslinking technologies. The company was established in 2008 by Dr. Huang, a technological entrepreneur with profound interest and experience in the conjugation
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of GenTarget, Inc.](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-gentarget-inc/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of GenTarget, Inc. In June, 2021 , we have collaborated with a new company GenTarget, Inc based in San Diego, CA 92126, United States. GenTarget provides proprietary bio-reagents and services with an emphasis on Lentivirus and Adenovirus gene delivery technologies, providing Pre-made Lentiviruses and Adenovirus for gene over-expression, knockdown,
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of LDN](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-ldn/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of LDN LDN was founded in 1996 in Nordhorn, Germany, with the aim to develop, manufacture and supply specialty in-vitro diagnostics test systems and innovative technologies to the clinical and research laboratory markets. From the beginning the determination of biogenic amines with immunological test systems was in the core
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of ProFoldin](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-profoldin/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of ProFoldin Located in Massachusetts USA and established in 2005, ProFoldin provides innovative and unique research tools for life sciences and drug discovery, focusing on the following areas: • Drug target enzyme assays for drug discovery and biology• Concentration measurement of various molecules and ions• Liposome and nanodisc products for
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of RevMAb](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-revmab/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of RevMAb RevMAb Biosciences USA, Inc is a biotechnology company focused on the development of recombinant monoclonal antibodies using a revolutionary technology that does not require cell fusion and hybridoma generation. Their mission is to promote personal health by accelerating biomedical research and advancing disease diagnosis.RevMAb Biosciences USA, Inc
- [SPQI S.A.S (Services et Produits Innovants et de Qualité)](https://biolinkk.com/news/spqi-s-a-s-services-et-produits-innovants-et-de-qualite/) - We have recently collaborated with a new company SPQI S.A.S (Services et Produits Innovants et de Qualité) Based in Lille (North of France). About SPQI The Company SPQI (Services and Products of Quality and Innovative) develops, produces and commercializes laboratory reagents for research (monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, ELISA kits). Based in Lille (North of France),
- [Thermofisher distributor for new divisions](https://biolinkk.com/news/thermofisher-distributor-for-new-divisions/) - Exciting News: Now Distributor of Thermo Fisher Division for Spectroscopy, Flow Analysis, and X-Ray Analyzers We are thrilled to announce that a prominent player in the scientific equipment industry, Thermofisher, appointed us as distributor of Thermo Fisher’s Equipment divisions of Spectroscopy, Flow Analysis, and X-Ray Analyzers. This strategic partnership brings together two leading forces in
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of Canvax Biotech S.L.](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-canvax-biotech-s-l/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of Canvax Biotech S.L. We have recently collaborated with a new company Canvax Biotech S.L. based in Córdoba (Spain). Canvax is a worldwide leading Expert in Molecular Biology and GPCR Expression in Heterologous Cells. Canvax is Original Manufacturer & Supplier of the Most Innovative Solutions, Services, Kits and R&D Reagents
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of Gentegra](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-gentegra/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of Gentegra LLC, USA GenTegra-developed products include sample collection devices for a wide variety of applications including COVID-19 diagnostic testing, RNASeq for genomics and transcriptomics, DNA analysis of forensic samples from crime scenes, or whole blood from patient-directed sampling devices. Their sample collection of products impact outcomes and in clinical, research,
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of Click Chemistry Tools](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-click-chemistry-tools/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of Click Chemistry Tools, arizona New Collaboartion – Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of the company Click Chemistry Tools. Click Chemistry Tools provide high quality yet cost effective, cutting edge click chemistry products for proteomics, molecular and cellular biology. Website
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of the Taiclone](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-the-taiclone/) - Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of the Taiclone Taiclone is a company that provides high-affinity, high quality and high-specificity Antibodies, Protein, Peptides, Elisa Kits and Biochemicals for Research Science. Our staffs have over 20 years experience in these fields, and we are offering reasonable prices for worldwide researchers with our high quality guarantee antibodies
- [Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of the LARODAN](https://biolinkk.com/news/biolinkk-is-now-an-authorized-distributor-of-the-company-larodan/) - Biolinkk is now the authorized Indian distributor of Larodan AB, Sweden New Collaboartion – Biolinkk is now an authorized distributor of the company LARODAN, Sweden .The company Larodan makes a comprehensive range of research grade lipids for use as analytical standards and reagents with customers all over the world. Website

## Categories

- [Uncategorized](https://biolinkk.com/category/uncategorized/)
- [Instruments](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/) - BIOLINKK has a comprehensive range of scientific instruments vital for research, experimentation, and analysis in various fields. From precise measurement tools like analytical balances and digital meters to specialized equipment such as spectrophotometers and PCR thermal cyclers, these instruments cover diverse needs. They include devices for sample preparation, analysis, and preservation like ultrasonic cleaners, incubators, freeze dryers, and ultralow temperature freezers. Additionally, the category comprises equipment for cell culture, genetic research, and microscopy, such as biological safety cabinets, gene transduction devices, microscopes, and cell counting systems. These instruments collectively support a wide array of scientific endeavors and laboratory procedures.
- [Lab & Medical Refrigeration](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/lab-medical-refrigeration/) - Lab & Medical Refrigeration encompasses essential equipment designed to maintain the integrity and longevity of temperature-sensitive materials in laboratory and medical environments. Within this category, subcategories include Freezers & Deep Freezers, which provide storage at low temperatures suitable for preserving biological samples, chemicals, and medical products. Freeze Dryers facilitate the lyophilization process, removing moisture from samples to ensure long-term stability. Ice Flake Makers produce flaked ice for cooling and preserving samples and reagents effectively. Lastly, Liquid Nitrogen Tanks offer secure storage and handling of liquid nitrogen, crucial for cryopreservation applications to preserve biological specimens and materials at extremely low temperatures. These refrigeration solutions play a pivotal role in maintaining the quality and usability of sensitive substances critical to scientific research and medical diagnostics.
- [Liquid Nitrogen Tank](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/lab-medical-refrigeration/liquid-nitrogen-tank/) - Liquid Nitrogen Tanks are critical subcategories of Lab & Medical Refrigeration, designed for the storage and handling of liquid nitrogen. These tanks maintain extremely low temperatures necessary for cryopreservation and other applications requiring deep freezing. Liquid nitrogen tanks are essential for preserving biological specimens, cells, tissues, and other temperature-sensitive materials.
- [Molecular Lab Equipment’s](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/molecular-lab-equipments/) - Molecular Lab Equipment includes a variety of instruments essential for precise and efficient molecular biology workflows. This category features dry bath incubators, which provide stable heating for samples in tubes or vials; magnetic stirrers, which use a rotating magnetic field to mix solutions; and shakers & thermo shakers, designed for thorough mixing and temperature control of samples. It also includes tube rotators & mixers for gentle and uniform mixing of samples, vortex mixers for rapid and thorough mixing of small volumes, and water baths & chillers, which maintain precise temperature conditions for various laboratory applications
- [Orbital Shakers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/orbital-shakers/) - An orbital shaker has a circular shaking motion with a slow speed (25-500 rpm). It is suitable for culturing microbes , washing blots , and general mixing.
- [Rockers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/rockers/) - Benchmark rockers are benchtop instruments that provide a gentle rocking motion, often similar to a seesaw. The platform moves back and forth at a controlled tilt angle, ideal for applications requiring low-speed, low-impact agitation such as staining, washing, and hybridization.
- [Rollers and Rotators](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/rollers-and-rotators/) - Laboratory rockers employ a gentle tilting or rocking motion, in 2- or 3-dimensions, to mix samples at speeds of 30 – 80 rpm. Rotators hold sample tubes and works by rotating, rocking and tumbling samples in order to mix samples horizontally and vertically.
- [Sample Preparation Equipment’s](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/sample-preparation-equipments/) - Sample Preparation Equipment encompasses a range of instruments essential for preparing biological and chemical samples for analysis. This category includes centrifuges, which are used to separate mixtures by applying centrifugal force, allowing for the isolation of specific components such as cells, proteins, or nucleic acids based on their size, shape, and density. Additionally, electrophoresis and power supply systems are crucial for separating macromolecules like DNA, RNA, and proteins according to their size and charge, with the power supply providing the necessary electrical current to drive the electrophoretic process. Furthermore, gradient PCR instruments are employed to optimize annealing temperatures across a gradient, facilitating the amplification of DNA with high specificity and efficiency.
- [Shaking Incubators](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/shaking-incubators/) - A shaking incubator is a temperature-controlled biochemical instrument that contemporaneously incubates, agitates, and shakes samples. It’s ideal for colorful operations, including cell culture, turmoil, hybridization, biochemistry, and the exploration of enzymes and cell apkins, which bear a high quality of temperature control and shaking speed.
- [Spectroscopy](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/spectroscopy/) - Instrument designed to examine the atomic, molecular, and larger-scale properties of matter by studying how matter engages with electromagnetic radiation based on the radiation’s wavelength or frequency.
- [UV-Vis Spectrophotometers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/spectroscopy/uv-vis-spectrophotometers/) - Tools of varying sizes employed for gauging the absorption of ultraviolet and visible light in a sample. These instruments find application in quality control, quantifying nucleic acids/proteins, assessing sample purity, and facilitating classroom education.
- [Vortex Mixer](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/molecular-lab-equipments/vortex-mixer/) - Vortex Mixers are a vital subcategory of Molecular Lab Equipment, designed for rapid mixing of samples in tubes, vials, and small containers. These devices create a vortex motion to quickly and thoroughly mix contents, ensuring consistent and reliable sample preparation. This category includes a range of products tailored to meet various laboratory needs.
- [Weighing Balance](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/weighing-balance/) - METTLER TOLEDO is a leading global manufacturer of precision instruments and services for use in laboratories and manufacturing. High-performance analytical weighing: Accurate and reliable analytical balances and micro-analytical balances for the precise weighing of small, valuable, and rare samples.
- [X-Ray Analyzers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/x-ray-analyzers-instruments/) - Tools, gadgets, and add-ons utilizing diverse x-ray methods for precise material characterization and sample analysis. Offerings encompass spectrometers, portable and tabletop analyzers, along with accompanying software
- [X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/x-ray-analyzers-instruments/x-ray-fluorescence-analyzers/) - Tools, devices, and accessories crafted to enable precise elemental analysis through x-ray fluorescence. These products come in various sizes and configurations, ranging from benchtop spectrometers to portable, hand-held analyzers.
- [X-Ray Photoelectron Spectrometers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/x-ray-analyzers-instruments/x-ray-photoelectron-spectrometers/) - X-ray photoelectron spectrometer systems and accompanying products engineered to precisely measure the elemental composition, electronic and chemical states, and empirical formulas of elements within a sample.
- [Agricultural & Environmental Tools](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/agricultural-environmental-tools/) - Agricultural & Environmental Tools encompass a versatile array of instruments crucial for precise measurements and analysis in agricultural research and environmental monitoring. This category includes tools such as Chlorophyll Meters for assessing plant health through chlorophyll content, Leaf Area Meters for quantifying leaf size and growth patterns, Lovibond Colorimeters for evaluating water quality and food products based on color intensity, and Moisture Meters for measuring soil or grain moisture levels to optimize irrigation and crop management. Other tools include Kjeldahl Protein Analyzers for determining protein content in agricultural samples, Photosynthesis Meters for assessing plant photosynthetic efficiency, Plant Disease Testers for detecting pathogens, Seed Counters for accurate seed counting, and Weather Monitors for recording climate parameters. Additionally, Artificial Climate Chambers create controlled environments for studying plant growth, while Intelligent Illumination Incubators provide regulated light and temperature conditions for seed germination and growth experiments. These tools collectively support agricultural productivity, sustainability, and environmental stewardship by enabling precise data collection and informed decision-making in farming practices and ecosystem management.
- [Centrifuge](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/sample-preparation-equipments/centrifuge/) - Centrifuges are essential instruments in the category of Sample Preparation Equipment, designed for the rapid separation of components in a sample through centrifugal force. This category includes a variety of models tailored to meet specific laboratory needs.
- [Centrifuges](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/centrifuges/) - Benchmark is leading providers of centrifugation solutions, offering a comprehensive array of centrifuges tailored to meet the diverse needs of modern laboratories. Benchmark Centrifuges boasts a range including the Mini Centrifuge and Micro Centrifuges, engineered for precision and reliability in sample processing within a compact footprint. Elevate your laboratory workflows with the combined excellence of Benchmark Centrifuges, where innovation meets reliability for unparalleled results.
- [Clean Air Equipment's](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/clean-air-equipments/) - Clean Air Equipment includes essential tools designed to maintain sterile and safe environments in laboratories and medical facilities. This category comprises Biosafety Cabinets, which provide containment for handling hazardous materials and pathogens, ensuring operator protection and preventing cross-contamination. Fume Hoods are ventilation devices that remove toxic fumes, vapors, and particles generated during chemical processes, safeguarding laboratory personnel and maintaining air quality. Laminar Air Flow systems create a controlled environment with a unidirectional airflow to protect sensitive samples or materials from contamination. PCR Workstations provide a sterile workspace for conducting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments, minimizing the risk of contamination in DNA amplification processes. These Clean Air Equipment solutions play critical roles in biological research, pharmaceutical development, and clinical diagnostics, ensuring compliance with safety standards and enhancing experimental accuracy and reliability.
- [Clinical & Analytical Equipment’s](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/clinical-analytical-equipments/) - Clinical & Analytical Equipment encompasses a range of specialized instruments crucial for precise analysis and diagnostics in medical and scientific laboratories. This category includes Elisa Readers & Washer for automated microplate handling in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), Flame Photometers for elemental analysis via flame emission, Fluorometers for measuring fluorescence intensity in molecular biology and environmental studies, Spectrophotometers for quantifying light absorption/transmission in chemical and biological samples, and Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) systems for high-resolution separation and analysis of complex mixtures. These instruments are vital for applications in pharmaceuticals, healthcare, environmental monitoring, and biochemical research, providing essential data for quality control, research advancements, and clinical diagnostics.
- [Digital Meters](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/digital-meters/) - Discover Milwaukee’s cutting-edge digital testing solutions, designed to elevate your processes. From simple pens to advanced testers, Milwaukee ensures you achieve the next level of excellence. Monitor critical parameters like pH, conductivity, salinity, BRIX, and temperature with ease.
- [Dry Bath Incubator](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/molecular-lab-equipments/dry-bath-incubator/) - Dry Bath Incubators are a vital subcategory of Molecular Lab Equipment, providing precise temperature control for a variety of molecular biology applications. These units are ideal for incubating samples at specific temperatures, ensuring consistent and reliable results. This category includes a range of products designed to meet different laboratory needs.
- [Electrophoresis & Power Supply](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/sample-preparation-equipments/electrophoresis-power-supply/) - Electrophoresis & Power Supply is a crucial subcategory of Sample Preparation Equipment, providing the tools necessary for the separation and analysis of macromolecules like DNA, RNA, and proteins based on their size and charge. This category includes a range of products designed to support diverse laboratory applications.
- [Elisa Readers & Washer](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/clinical-analytical-equipments/elisa-readers-washer/) - Elisa Readers & Washers are specialized instruments within the Clinical & Analytical Equipment category, designed for automated handling and analysis of microplates used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). These devices enable precise measurement of optical density or fluorescence intensity in ELISA experiments, allowing for accurate quantification of biological substances such as antibodies, antigens, and proteins. Elisa Readers interpret and analyze data from ELISA plates, providing researchers and clinicians with crucial information for diagnostic testing, drug discovery, and biomedical research. Elisa Washers automate the washing process of microplates, ensuring consistent and thorough removal of unbound substances between assay steps, thereby enhancing assay reproducibility and reliability in clinical and laboratory settings.
- [Freezers & Deep Freezers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/lab-medical-refrigeration/freezers-deep-freezers-lab-medical-refrigeration/) - Freezers & Deep Freezers are integral to Lab & Medical Refrigeration, providing essential storage solutions for maintaining the integrity of temperature-sensitive materials. These units are designed to operate at various low temperatures, ensuring the preservation of biological samples, chemicals, vaccines, and other medical products.
- [FT-IR Spectrometers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/spectroscopy/ft-ir-spectrometers/) - Devices designed to analyze the absorption or emission of the infrared spectrum in solid, liquid, or gas samples. These IR spectra unveil the composition of samples, aiding in the identification of unknown materials and confirmation of production materials.
- [FT-NIR Spectrometers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/spectroscopy/ft-nir-spectrometers/) - FT-NIR spectrometers employing Fourier transform technology enable non-destructive chemical analysis of diverse materials. The advantages of FT-NIR systems encompass heightened resolution, wavelength precision, and robust signal energy.
- [Gradient PCR](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/sample-preparation-equipments/gradient-pcr/) - Gradient PCR is an essential subcategory of Sample Preparation Equipment, designed to optimize and streamline the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process by allowing simultaneous testing of multiple temperatures. This category features advanced PCR machines that enhance efficiency and accuracy in genetic analysis.
- [Heating & Cooling Equipment’s](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/heating-cooling-equipments/) - Heating & Cooling Equipment encompasses a diverse array of essential tools for precise temperature control in laboratory and industrial settings. This comprehensive category includes CO2 Incubators for cell culture and microbiological applications, Hot Air Ovens for sterilization and drying, Incubators for stable biological environments, Muffle Furnaces for high-temperature processes, Orbital Incubator Shakers for combined incubation and agitation, Refrigerated Incubators for cooling-sensitive samples, Plant Growth/Climatic Chambers for environmental simulation, and Vacuum Drying Ovens for gentle drying under reduced pressure. These equipment types play critical roles in maintaining optimal conditions for experiments, ensuring consistent and reliable results in fields such as biology, chemistry, and materials science research.
- [Homogeniser & Sonicator](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/homogeniser-sonicator/) - Homogenizers and Sonicators are essential tools in laboratory settings, used to break down and disperse samples into smaller particles or emulsions. These devices are integral to scientific research across various fields, including cell disruption for intracellular extraction, nanoparticle synthesis for pharmaceutical and materials science applications, and emulsion creation in food and cosmetic industries. The Probe Sonicator utilizes ultrasonic waves transmitted through a probe to disrupt cells and particles in liquid samples, offering precise control over intensity and duration for delicate samples. Conversely, the Ultra-Sonication Bath employs ultrasound waves in a water bath to ensure gentle and consistent sample processing, particularly beneficial for heat-sensitive materials and batch processing multiple samples simultaneously. Homogenizers and Sonicators enhance laboratory efficiency by facilitating effective sample preparation while maintaining sample integrity, essential for achieving reliable experimental outcomes in molecular biology, microbiology, chemistry, and materials science research.
- [Homogenizers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/homogenizers/) - Benchmark homogenizer stands as a cornerstone laboratory or industrial apparatus crafted specifically for the meticulous homogenization of an array of materials. From tissue and plant matter to food items, soil samples, and beyond, it excels in ensuring uniformity across diverse substances.
- [Ice Flake Maker](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/lab-medical-refrigeration/ice-flake-maker/) - Ice Flake Makers are essential subcategories of Lab & Medical Refrigeration, specifically designed to produce flaked ice for cooling and preserving temperature-sensitive samples, reagents, and medical products. These devices ensure consistent ice production, which is crucial for maintaining optimal temperatures in laboratory and medical environments.
- [Laminar Air Flow](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/clean-air-equipments/laminar-air-flow/) - Laminar Air Flow systems are specialized equipment within the Clean Air Equipment category, designed to create a sterile and particle-free environment by directing filtered air in a unidirectional flow. These systems employ HEPA filters to remove airborne contaminants, providing a controlled workspace for delicate procedures such as microbiological research, tissue culture, and semiconductor manufacturing. Laminar Air Flow systems come in horizontal and vertical airflow configurations, offering flexibility to suit various laboratory applications. They play a crucial role in maintaining aseptic conditions, preventing cross-contamination, and ensuring the integrity of sensitive materials and experiments in pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and clinical laboratories.
- [NanoDrop Spectrophotometers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/spectroscopy/nanodrop-spectrophotometers/) - Equipment and accompanying tools designed to gauge the absorption of ultraviolet and/or visible light in samples. Ideal for assessing solute concentrations, ensuring quality control, evaluating sample purity, and aiding in educational settings.
- [Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/spectroscopy/nuclear-magnetic-resonance-spectrometers/) - Spectrometers utilized to observe the local magnetic fields surrounding atomic nuclei within a sample. NMR spectroscopy unveils the electronic structure of a molecule and its functional groups, facilitating the identification of single-molecular organic compounds.
- [Optical Emission Spectroscopy](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/spectroscopy/optical-emission-spectroscopy/) - Devices employing optical emission spectroscopy to ascertain the elemental composition of solid metallic samples. In this process, the sample is stimulated, and the spectral data from the emitted light is utilized to identify the components present in the sample.
- [Plant Growth / Climatic Chamber](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/heating-cooling-equipments/plant-growth-climatic-chamber/) - Plant Growth / Climatic Chambers are specialized equipment within the Heating & Cooling Equipment category, designed to simulate environmental conditions for plant research and cultivation. These chambers provide controlled environments for regulating temperature, humidity, light intensity, and photoperiod (day-length). They are essential for studying plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stresses under controlled conditions. Plant Growth / Climatic Chambers are used in agricultural research, plant breeding, and biotechnology for optimizing crop production, studying plant physiology, and conducting controlled experiments. They offer researchers precise control over environmental variables to mimic specific climates and seasons, facilitating reproducible and impactful plant science research.
- [Raman Spectrometers](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/spectroscopy/raman-spectrometers/) - Instruments utilizing monochromatic electromagnetic radiation spanning from x-ray to infrared wavelengths to analyze Raman scattering of photons, enabling the identification of vibrational, rotational, and other low-frequency molecular modes within a sample.
- [Seed Counter](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/agricultural-environmental-tools/seed-counter/) - Seed Counters are essential devices in agriculture, designed to accurately count seeds for research, production, and quality control. This category includes two main types: Vacuum Seed Counters, which use a vacuum system to count seeds efficiently and precisely without manual intervention, and Automatic Seed Counters, which automate the counting process using optical or mechanical sensors for rapid and accurate seed counting. These devices are indispensable for seed producers, researchers, and agricultural laboratories, ensuring seed viability assessment, batch consistency, and efficient seed packaging and distribution. They contribute significantly to improving seed handling efficiency, reducing labor costs, and optimizing planting operations in agriculture.
- [Ultra-Sonication Bath](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/homogeniser-sonicator/ultra-sonication-bath/) - Ultra-Sonication Baths are essential subcategories within Homogenizers & Sonicators, designed to facilitate gentle and consistent sample processing using ultrasound waves in a water bath. These baths are ideal for heat-sensitive materials and allow for simultaneous processing of multiple samples. They are widely used in laboratories for applications such as cleaning, degassing, and dispersing particles in solutions. Ultra-Sonication Baths ensure efficient sample preparation while maintaining sample integrity, making them invaluable tools in various scientific and industrial settings.
- [Conductivity Meter & pH Meter](https://biolinkk.com/category/instruments/digital-meters/conductivity-meter-ph-meter/) - The category of Conductivity Meter & pH Meter includes a range of devices for precise measurement needs. The 2-in-1 pH and Temperature Meter with ATC combines pH and temperature measurement capabilities with Automatic Temperature Compensation (ATC) for accurate readings. The Conductivity Meter measures the electrical conductivity of solutions, essential for assessing ion concentration in water quality testing. The MAX pH/ORP/Temp Bench Meter is a high-precision instrument for measuring pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and temperature, ideal for laboratory settings. The MAX pH/ORP/Temp Bench Meter with GLP/Logging, rechargeable battery/power offers advanced features, including Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) compliance and logging capabilities, with the convenience of a rechargeable battery and power option for extended use.
- [Botanical Reference Materials](https://biolinkk.com/category/botanical-reference-materials/) - Botanical Reference Materials (BRMs) are well-characterized materials for specific plants and plant parts. NatureStandard offers an extensive product line of BRMs to provide users with the tools necessary to better evaluate botanical raw materials.
- [PCR qPCR and RT-qPCR reagents](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/) - Solis BioDyne has been developing and producing life science reagents since 1995 and is now one of the leading reagent suppliers in Europe. Known for maintaining high standards in production and service, Solis BioDyne has earned a trusted reputation worldwide. Their product range includes DNA polymerases, PCR Master Mixes, qPCR Mixes, reverse transcription, and isothermal amplification reagents, which are widely used by top research institutes and biotech companies globally. Solis BioDyne partners with both private and state sectors, engaging in cooperation projects from OEM production to scientific research. We are the authorized distributor of Solis BioDyne in India. To place an order or for any queries, please contact us at customerservice@biolinkk.com.
- [qPCR and RT-qPCR](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/qpcr-and-rt-qpcr/) - Solis BioDyne qPCR and RT-qPCR Kits – Ready-to-Use Solutions for Precise Real-Time PCR At Biolinkk, we offer a range of Solis BioDyne’s optimized qPCR and one-step RT-qPCR kits, designed to deliver accurate and reliable results for real-time qPCR assays. These ready-to-use solutions contain all the necessary components for qPCR, ensuring seamless performance in your experiments. Solis BioDyne provides both probe-based and intercalating dye-based mixes, including highly sensitive EvaGreen® or SolisGreen® dyes, allowing flexibility across various applications. Whether you require a mix for probe-based assays or dye-based detection, you can find the ideal solution for your qPCR platform with our product selection guide. As the authorized distributor of Solis BioDyne in India, Biolinkk ensures access to their cutting-edge qPCR products. For orders or inquiries, please contact us at customerservice@biolinkk.com. Explore the full range of qPCR kits below and find the best option for your specific platform and requirements.
- [RNase Inhibitor](https://biolinkk.com/category/rnase-inhibitor/)
- [Signaling Pathways](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/) - Explore our extensive collection of signaling pathway products from APExBIO Technology LLC, designed to support your research and development needs. Signaling pathways are complex networks that regulate crucial cellular processes, and our high-quality reagents and kits enable you to investigate these pathways with precision and reliability.
- [Stem Cell](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/stem-cell/) - Stem cells are specialized cells that have the unique ability to develop into different types of cells within the body. They play a crucial role in the growth, repair, and regeneration of tissues and organs. Stem cells are often activated by signaling pathways, which are complex systems of communication within cells that regulate various cellular processes. Stem cell signaling pathways control the behavior and function of stem cells, including their self-renewal, differentiation, and proliferation. These pathways involve the interaction of various signaling molecules, receptors, and transcription factors that work together to transmit signals and trigger specific cellular responses. Understanding stem cell signaling pathways is essential for harnessing the potential of stem cells in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and disease therapy. By manipulating these pathways, researchers can control the fate and function of stem cells, guiding them towards specific cell types for therapeutic applications. Overall, stem cell signaling pathways are a critical subcategory of signaling pathways that play a vital role in the regulation of stem cell behavior and hold immense potential for advancing medical treatments and therapies.
- [Superior Choice for Cloning and Genotyping](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/superior-choice-cloning-genotyping/) - Signaling pathways are critical for communication between cells and regulating various cellular processes. Cloning and genotyping are crucial techniques in molecular biology and genetics that allow researchers to study and manipulate genes. A subcategory of signaling pathways, called Superior Choice for Cloning and Genotyping, focuses on advanced methods and tools for efficient and accurate cloning and genotyping procedures. This category includes cutting-edge techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, next-generation sequencing, and high-throughput methodologies. Researchers and scientists utilize these superior choices for cloning and genotyping to accelerate their studies, improve the accuracy of their results, and streamline the overall research process. These methods offer higher efficiency, specificity, and reliability compared to traditional techniques, making them indispensable tools in modern molecular biology research. Overall, the Superior Choice for Cloning and Genotyping subcategory within signaling pathways provides researchers with innovative solutions to overcome challenges in gene manipulation and analysis, ultimately advancing our understanding of genetics and paving the way for new discoveries in biological research.
- [Tag Peptides](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/tag-peptides/) - Tag peptides are short amino acid sequences that are added to a protein of interest to facilitate detection, purification, or localization within a cell. These peptides serve as molecular markers or “tags” that can be easily recognized by specific antibodies or enzymes for various experimental purposes. Tag peptides are commonly used in molecular biology and biochemistry research to track the expression and behavior of proteins within cells. They are often fused to the N- or C-terminus of a target protein, allowing researchers to easily monitor its movement, interaction with other proteins, or localization within specific cellular compartments. Some commonly used tag peptides include the FLAG tag, Myc tag, and HA tag, each with their own unique features and advantages for different experimental applications. The versatility and specificity of tag peptides make them invaluable tools for studying protein function and cellular signaling pathways. Overall, tag peptides are a subcategory of signaling pathways that play a crucial role in the study of protein localization, function, and interactions within cells. Their use has greatly advanced our understanding of molecular biology and cellular processes.
- [Terpenoids and Glycosides](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/terpenoids-and-glycosides-url/) - Terpenoids and glycosides are two subcategories of signaling pathways that play a crucial role in various biological processes. Terpenoids are a diverse class of organic compounds derived from the isoprene unit, and they are involved in communication between cells, defense mechanisms, and regulation of gene expression. These compounds are found in a wide range of plants and have been extensively studied for their medicinal properties. Glycosides, on the other hand, are molecules in which a sugar molecule is bound to another functional group, such as a terpenoid or steroid. They are important signaling molecules that regulate various physiological processes in plants and animals, including growth and development, defense mechanisms, and cellular communication. Both terpenoids and glycosides are key players in the intricate signaling pathways that govern cellular responses to external stimuli and help organisms adapt to changing environmental conditions. Understanding the role of these compounds in signaling pathways is essential for developing new treatments for various diseases and improving crop yields through targeted manipulation of these pathways.
- [TGF-beta/Smad Signaling](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/tgf-beta-smad-signaling/) - TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway is a complex system that plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and immune responses. It is a subcategory of the broader category of signaling pathways that control communication between cells and their environment. In the TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway, the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) ligand binds to its receptor on the cell surface, leading to the activation of downstream signaling molecules called Smads. These Smads then translocate into the nucleus where they regulate the expression of specific target genes that control cellular responses. Dysregulation of the TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway has been linked to numerous diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, and immune disorders. Therefore, understanding the intricacies of this pathway is essential for developing targeted therapies for these conditions. Overall, the TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway is a critical player in maintaining cellular homeostasis and coordinating various biological processes within the body. Its intricate network of signaling molecules and regulatory mechanisms make it a fascinating area of study in the field of molecular biology and biomedical research.
- [Tools Kit](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/tools-kit/) - Signaling pathways refer to the complex network of cellular communication processes that allow cells to respond to various internal and external cues. Within the broad category of signaling pathways, there is a subset known as the “Tools Kit.” The Tools Kit encompasses the various molecules, proteins, enzymes, and other components that are essential for the transmission of signals within cells. These tools play a crucial role in regulating gene expression, cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. They also contribute to the coordination of various cellular functions and responses to stimuli. The Tools Kit includes key signaling molecules such as receptors, kinases, phosphatases, transcription factors, and second messengers. These components work together in a highly coordinated manner to relay signals from the cell surface to the nucleus, where they can influence gene expression and cellular behavior. Overall, the Tools Kit is essential for the proper functioning of signaling pathways and ensuring appropriate cellular responses to internal and external stimuli. Understanding the components of the Tools Kit is crucial for unraveling the complexities of signaling pathways and their impact on cellular health and disease.
- [Transcriptional Regulation](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/transcriptional-regulation-url/) - Transcriptional regulation is a crucial subcategory of signaling pathways that controls the expression of genes in response to various stimuli. This process involves the activation or repression of specific genes through the recruitment of transcription factors to DNA sequences in the gene’s promoter region. These transcription factors bind to specific regulatory elements to enhance or inhibit gene transcription, ultimately leading to the production of different proteins and influencing cellular functions. Transcriptional regulation plays a vital role in various biological processes such as development, growth, and immune response. Dysregulation of transcriptional processes can lead to a variety of diseases, including cancer, immune disorders, and metabolic disorders. Understanding the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation can provide valuable insights into disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets. Overall, transcriptional regulation is a complex and tightly controlled process that is essential for the proper functioning of cells and organisms. Through precise regulation of gene expression, cells can respond to internal and external signals, maintain homeostasis, and adapt to changing environments. Studying transcriptional regulation has the potential to uncover novel therapeutic strategies and improve our understanding of normal and disease physiology.
- [TSA](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/tsa-informative-url/) - TSA, or trichostatin A, is a potent histone deacetylase inhibitor that plays a critical role in regulating gene expression and signaling pathways within cells. By inhibiting the removal of acetyl groups from histones, TSA can promote a more open chromatin structure, allowing for increased access of transcription factors to DNA and ultimately leading to changes in gene expression. TSA is commonly used in research settings to study various signaling pathways, including those involved in cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. It has been shown to have therapeutic potential in the treatment of cancer and other diseases by modulating key signaling pathways that contribute to disease progression. Overall, TSA is a valuable tool for studying signaling pathways and gene expression regulation in cells. Its ability to target histone deacetylases makes it a powerful tool for researchers looking to manipulate gene expression and understand the underlying mechanisms of various cellular processes. By uncovering the role of TSA in signaling pathways, researchers may be able to develop new therapeutic strategies for treating a wide range of diseases.
- [TSA Reagent](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/tsa-reagent-url/) - TSA Reagent, or tyramide signal amplification reagent, is a powerful tool used in signal amplification for detection and visualization of target molecules in various biological samples. This technique is commonly used in immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and other molecular biology applications to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of signal detection. TSA reagent works by binding to a reporter molecule, such as a fluorophore or enzyme, and catalyzing the deposition of multiple tyramide molecules in close proximity to the target molecule. This results in a highly amplified signal that allows for the detection of low abundance targets with high sensitivity. The use of TSA reagent has revolutionized the field of molecular biology by enabling researchers to detect and study cellular processes with greater precision and accuracy. It has become an essential tool for studying signaling pathways, protein expression, and cellular localization in a wide range of biological samples. Overall, TSA reagent is a valuable subcategory of signaling pathways that has significantly advanced our understanding of cellular biology and has opened up new avenues for research and discovery.
- [Tyrosine Kinase](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/tyrosine-kinase-url-inform-of-slug/) - Tyrosine kinase signaling pathways are a subset of signaling pathways that regulate various cellular processes by transmitting signals inside the cell. These pathways are crucial for the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Tyrosine kinases are a type of enzyme that catalyzes the addition of phosphate groups to tyrosine residues on proteins, leading to the activation or deactivation of specific signaling molecules. This phosphorylation event is a key step in many cellular signaling pathways and plays a critical role in the regulation of various physiological processes. Abnormal activation of tyrosine kinase signaling pathways has been linked to a variety of diseases, including cancer, inflammatory disorders, and metabolic disorders. As a result, tyrosine kinase inhibitors have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of these conditions. Overall, tyrosine kinase signaling pathways are essential for the proper functioning of cells and tissues, and understanding their regulation and activation is crucial for developing targeted therapies for various diseases.
- [Ubiquitination/ Proteasome](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/ubiquitination-proteasome/) - Ubiquitination and the proteasome are essential components of cell signaling pathways that regulate the levels of proteins within a cell. Ubiquitination is a process where a small protein called ubiquitin is attached to a target protein, marking it for degradation by the proteasome. The proteasome is a large protein complex that acts as a cellular waste disposal system, breaking down ubiquitinated proteins into smaller peptides. This subcategory of signaling pathways plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by controlling the levels of key regulatory proteins involved in processes such as cell cycle progression, DNA repair, and immune response. Dysregulation of ubiquitination and proteasome activity has been linked to the development of various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune conditions. Researchers are actively studying ubiquitination and the proteasome as potential targets for therapeutic interventions, with the goal of developing novel treatments for these diseases. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these processes can provide valuable insights into how cells regulate protein turnover and maintain proper cellular function.
- [Vitamin D Related](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/vitamin-d-related/) - The Vitamin D Related signaling pathway is a subcategory of signaling pathways that involves the activation and regulation of genes in response to vitamin D. Vitamin D, also known as the “sunshine vitamin,” plays a crucial role in various physiological processes such as calcium absorption, bone health, immune function, and cell growth. The Vitamin D Related signaling pathway is initiated when vitamin D binds to its receptor, the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which then translocates into the nucleus and interacts with specific DNA sequences known as vitamin D response elements (VDREs). This interaction leads to the activation or repression of target genes that are involved in regulating calcium homeostasis, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of the Vitamin D Related signaling pathway has been linked to various diseases such as osteoporosis, autoimmune disorders, and certain types of cancer. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this signaling pathway can provide insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for these conditions. Additionally, vitamin D supplementation and appropriate exposure to sunlight are essential for maintaining optimal health and preventing vitamin D deficiency-related disorders.
- [Wnt/beta-catenin](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/wnt-beta-catenin/) - The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway is a crucial cellular communication pathway that regulates various physiological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. This pathway plays a vital role in embryonic development, tissue regeneration, and maintenance of tissue homeostasis in adults. The Wnt signaling pathway is initiated by the binding of Wnt ligands to cell surface receptors, leading to the stabilization and accumulation of beta-catenin in the cytoplasm. Beta-catenin then translocates into the nucleus where it interacts with transcription factors to regulate the expression of target genes involved in cell fate determination. Dysregulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, developmental disorders, and degenerative diseases. Mutations in key components of the pathway can lead to aberrant activation or suppression of Wnt signaling, resulting in uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. Understanding the mechanisms underlying Wnt/beta-catenin signaling has significant implications for the development of targeted therapies for diseases associated with pathway dysregulation. Ongoing research in this field continues to uncover new insights into the roles and regulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.
- [Acids and Aldehydes](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/acids-and-aldehydes/) - Acids and aldehydes are a subcategory of signaling pathways that are crucial for regulating various cellular processes. Acids, such as fatty acids and amino acids, play a key role in energy production, cell signaling, and the synthesis of important biomolecules. Aldehydes are organic compounds that are involved in metabolism and cell signaling. Acids and aldehydes can activate specific receptors on the cell surface, leading to the initiation of signaling cascades that influence gene expression, metabolism, and cell growth. These signaling pathways are tightly regulated and play a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Dysregulation of acid and aldehyde signaling pathways can lead to a variety of health issues, including metabolic disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Researchers are actively studying these pathways to better understand their roles in health and disease, with the hopes of developing targeted therapies to treat various conditions. Overall, acids and aldehydes are essential components of cellular signaling pathways that are vital for maintaining normal physiological functions and are the focus of ongoing research in the field of molecular biology.
- [Additional Reagents](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/additional-reagents/) - Essential PCR and Post-PCR Reagents from Solis BioDyne Biolinkk offers a comprehensive selection of common reagents required for PCR and post-PCR analysis from Solis BioDyne, a trusted leader in molecular biology solutions. These high-quality reagents are designed to ensure reliable and accurate results for your PCR workflows, from amplification to analysis. As the authorized distributor of Solis BioDyne products in India, Biolinkk is your go-to source for premium PCR reagents that meet the highest standards of performance and consistency. For orders or inquiries, please contact us at customerservice@biolinkk.com.
- [Alkaloids](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/alkaloids-url-informof/) - Alkaloids are a diverse group of organic compounds found in plants that have a wide range of biological activities. They are known for their pharmacological properties and are often used in medicines as they can have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, or even anticancer effects. Alkaloids can also act as signaling molecules in cellular pathways, playing a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes. These compounds are often produced in response to environmental stress or as a defense mechanism against herbivores. Their signaling pathways can involve interactions with cell surface receptors or intracellular enzymes, leading to a cascade of events that ultimately affect gene expression and cell function. The diverse structures of alkaloids allow them to interact with a wide range of proteins and molecules, making them versatile signaling molecules in biological systems. Overall, alkaloids are an important subcategory of signaling pathways due to their ability to modulate key cellular processes and their potential therapeutic applications. Their unique properties make them valuable tools for studying cell signaling and developing new drugs for various medical conditions.
- [Amino Acids & Building Blocks](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/amino-acids-and-building-blocks/) - Amino acids and building blocks are essential components of signaling pathways within cells. These molecules play crucial roles in cellular communication, helping to transmit messages from the cell surface to the nucleus. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which are involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including cell growth, metabolism, and gene expression. Building blocks such as nucleotides, lipids, and sugars are also important for cell signaling, as they serve as precursors for signaling molecules and second messengers. The signaling pathways involving amino acids and building blocks are highly regulated and intricate, with multiple steps and feedback loops that ensure proper signaling within the cell. Dysregulation of these pathways can lead to various diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurological conditions. Understanding how amino acids and building blocks contribute to cell signaling pathways is crucial for developing new therapies to target these pathways and treat disease. By studying these signaling molecules, researchers can gain valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of cellular communication and potentially identify new drug targets for a variety of conditions.
- [Angiogenesis](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/angiogenesis-what-it-is-and-how-it-works/) - Angiogenesis is the process by which new blood vessels are formed from pre-existing vessels. It plays a crucial role in various physiological processes such as wound healing, embryonic development, and the menstrual cycle. Additionally, angiogenesis is a key component of tumor growth and metastasis, making it a target for anti-cancer therapies. Angiogenesis is regulated by a complex network of signaling pathways that control the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, the building blocks of blood vessels. These pathways are activated by various growth factors, cytokines, and enzymes, which stimulate the formation of new blood vessels. One of the most well-known angiogenic signaling pathways is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, which plays a central role in promoting angiogenesis in both physiological and pathological conditions. Understanding the signaling pathways involved in angiogenesis is crucial for developing targeted therapeutics for diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and chronic wounds. By targeting specific molecules within these pathways, researchers hope to inhibit abnormal angiogenesis and potentially halt disease progression. Additionally, angiogenesis research may lead to new breakthroughs in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, offering new treatment options for a wide range of medical conditions.
- [Anti-infection](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/anti-infection-url/) - Anti-infection signaling pathways refer to the intricate molecular mechanisms by which cells and tissues respond to microbial invasion and work to combat microbial infections. These pathways play a crucial role in the body’s defense against pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. When the body detects the presence of pathogens, such as through the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), a cascade of signaling events is triggered. This leads to the activation of various immune cells, the production of antimicrobial molecules, the recruitment of immune cells to sites of infection, and the regulation of inflammatory responses. Key players in anti-infection signaling pathways include cytokines, chemokines, toll-like receptors (TLRs), interferons, and other signaling molecules that work together to coordinate the immune response. Dysregulation of these pathways can lead to increased susceptibility to infections or the development of inflammatory diseases. Understanding the intricate mechanisms of anti-infection signaling pathways is essential for the development of novel therapies and interventions to enhance the body’s ability to fight against infections and maintain a healthy immune system.
- [Antibody](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/antibody-url/) - Antibodies are specialized proteins produced by the immune system in response to the presence of foreign invaders such as bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. These Y-shaped molecules are crucial components of the body’s defense mechanism, as they can identify and neutralize harmful substances. Antibodies work by binding to specific antigens on the surface of foreign particles, marking them for destruction by immune cells. This process helps to eliminate threatening agents from the body and prevent infection. In addition to their role in the immune response, antibodies are also used in various diagnostic and therapeutic applications. For example, they can be used in laboratory tests to detect the presence of specific diseases or to target and destroy cancer cells in targeted therapy. Overall, antibodies play a vital role in the body’s defense against disease and are essential for maintaining overall health and well-being. Their ability to recognize and respond to a wide range of pathogens makes them an important subset of signaling pathways in the immune system.
- [antischistosomal](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/antischistosomal-url/) - Antischistosomal signaling pathways are molecular pathways that target and inhibit the growth and survival of the parasitic worm Schistosoma, which causes the disease schistosomiasis. Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects millions of people worldwide, particularly in developing countries with poor sanitation and limited access to clean water. The antischistosomal signaling pathways involve various mechanisms that disrupt the parasite’s ability to evade the host immune response and establish chronic infections. This can include targeting key proteins and enzymes in the parasite’s metabolism, reproduction, and immune evasion strategies. Some common targets in antischistosomal signaling pathways include kinases, phosphatases, and transcription factors that are essential for the parasite’s survival and replication. By interfering with these pathways, researchers are able to develop new drugs and treatments that effectively kill the parasite and reduce the burden of schistosomiasis on affected populations. Overall, antischistosomal signaling pathways are crucial for developing innovative strategies to combat schistosomiasis and improve the health and well-being of those at risk of infection.
- [Apoptosis](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/apoptosis-what-is-apoptosis/) - Apoptosis is a crucial subcategory of signaling pathways that plays a vital role in regulating cell death. This process is essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis, eliminating unwanted or damaged cells, and preventing the proliferation of abnormal cells that could lead to diseases like cancer. Apoptosis is a highly orchestrated and controlled mechanism that involves a series of molecular signals and pathways. These signaling pathways can be triggered by a variety of internal and external stimuli, such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, or hormonal signals. The activation of these pathways ultimately leads to the activation of a cascade of proteins that culminates in the orderly dismantling of the cell. Dysregulation of apoptosis can have serious consequences and is associated with a wide range of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Understanding the mechanisms of apoptosis and its signaling pathways is crucial for developing targeted therapies to modulate cell death and promote cell survival in various disease states. Overall, apoptosis is a fundamental process in biology that plays a critical role in maintaining tissue integrity and cellular homeostasis. It is a complex and highly regulated process that is essential for normal development and tissue maintenance.
- [Apoptosis Detection kit](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/apoptosis-detection-kit-url-informal/) - Apoptosis is a crucial cellular process that plays a key role in regulating cell growth and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of apoptosis can lead to various diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Apoptosis detection kits are used to study and analyze the process of apoptosis in cells. These kits typically utilize fluorescent dyes or antibodies to detect biomarkers of apoptosis, such as phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase activation, and DNA fragmentation. By using these kits, researchers can assess the level of apoptosis in cells and tissues, monitor the effects of drugs or treatments on apoptosis, and investigate the signaling pathways involved in the process. Apoptosis detection kits are valuable tools for both basic research and drug development in the field of cell biology and pharmacology. They provide a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method for studying apoptosis in a variety of cell types and experimental conditions. Researchers can use these kits to gain insights into the mechanisms underlying cell death and develop new therapeutic strategies for targeting apoptotic pathways in disease.
- [Apoptosis Kit](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/apoptosis-kit/) - An apoptosis kit is a specialized tool used in laboratory research to study programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis. This kit typically includes reagents and assays that allow researchers to analyze various aspects of the apoptosis pathway, such as protein expression, DNA fragmentation, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Apoptosis is a crucial process for maintaining tissue homeostasis and eliminating damaged or unwanted cells. Dysregulation of apoptosis is implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune conditions. By using an apoptosis kit, researchers can investigate the molecular mechanisms that govern cell death and identify potential therapeutic targets for treating these diseases. These kits are versatile and can be used in a wide range of experimental settings, including cell culture studies, drug screening assays, and tissue analysis. They provide a comprehensive set of tools for researchers to explore the complex signaling pathways that regulate apoptosis and gain insights into the underlying biology of cell death. Overall, apoptosis kits are valuable resources for studying this fundamental biological process and advancing our understanding of disease pathology.
- [Autophagy](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/autophagy-url-informative/) - Autophagy is a cellular process that involves the degradation and recycling of damaged or unnecessary cellular components. It plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by removing dysfunctional organelles and proteins, as well as clearing away invading pathogens. Autophagy is tightly regulated by a complex signaling pathway that involves various proteins and enzymes. Autophagy is a subcategory of signaling pathways that regulates the initiation, progression, and completion of the autophagic process. The signaling pathways involved in autophagy include the mTOR pathway, AMPK pathway, PI3K/Akt pathway, and MAPK pathway. These pathways respond to various cellular cues, such as nutrient availability, energy levels, and stress signals, to modulate autophagy accordingly. Dysregulation of autophagy signaling pathways has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic syndromes. Therefore, understanding the intricate signaling pathways that govern autophagy is crucial for developing targeted therapies for these conditions. Overall, autophagy signaling pathways are essential for maintaining cellular health and are being actively researched for their potential therapeutic applications in treating a wide range of diseases.
- [beta-Estradiol-d3](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/beta-estradiol-d3/) - Beta-Estradiol-d3 is a subcategory of signaling pathways that involves the hormone beta-estradiol, which is a form of estrogen. This particular form of beta-estradiol, known as beta-estradiol-d3, is a deuterated version of the hormone that contains three deuterium atoms. Beta-estradiol is a key hormone in the regulation of various physiological processes in the body, particularly in the female reproductive system. It plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of female secondary sexual characteristics, as well as in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. The d3 version of beta-estradiol is often used in research and experimental studies to track and analyze the hormone’s signaling pathways. By using a deuterated version of beta-estradiol, researchers can gain insights into the specific actions and interactions of the hormone within the body. Overall, beta-Estradiol-d3 serves as a valuable tool in understanding the complex signaling pathways of beta-estradiol and its role in various biological processes.
- [Bioactive Peptides](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/bioactive-peptides/) - Bioactive peptides are short chains of amino acids that play crucial roles in a variety of signaling pathways within the body. These peptides are involved in processes such as cell communication, hormone regulation, immune response, and inflammatory reactions. Bioactive peptides are typically derived from larger proteins through enzymatic breakdown or digestion. Once released, they bind to specific receptors on cell surfaces, triggering various cellular responses. Some bioactive peptides act as hormones, directly regulating physiological processes such as metabolism, growth, and stress response. One of the key functions of bioactive peptides is their ability to modulate signaling pathways in the body. They can activate or inhibit specific signaling cascades, thereby influencing gene expression, protein synthesis, and cell differentiation. Additionally, bioactive peptides can act as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators in the nervous system, affecting synaptic transmission and neuronal communication. Overall, bioactive peptides are essential molecules that regulate a wide range of biological functions in the body. Understanding their mechanisms of action and roles in signaling pathways is critical for developing targeted therapies for various diseases and disorders.
- [Biotinylation Reagents](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/biotinylation-reagents/) - Biotinylation reagents are a subcategory of signaling pathways that are used to label and detect specific proteins in cell signaling studies. Biotinylation involves attaching a biotin molecule to a protein of interest, which can then be easily detected using streptavidin-based detection methods. This allows researchers to track the movement and interactions of proteins within cells, helping to understand the complex networks involved in cellular signaling. Biotinylation reagents come in various forms, including tags, probes, and kits, making them versatile tools for studying signaling pathways. They can be used for a variety of applications, such as protein purification, protein interaction studies, and receptor-ligand binding assays. Biotinylation reagents are also commonly used in techniques like immunoprecipitation and Western blotting to enhance the specificity and sensitivity of protein detection. Overall, biotinylation reagents are essential tools for studying signaling pathways and understanding the intricate processes that occur within cells. By enabling the precise labeling and detection of proteins, biotinylation reagents help researchers uncover new insights into cell signaling mechanisms and potentially develop new therapeutic strategies for various diseases.
- [Cancer Biology](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cancer-biology/) - Cancer biology is a subcategory of signaling pathways that focuses on the mechanisms and processes involved in the formation and progression of cancer. In cancer biology, researchers study how normal cells transform into cancerous cells, as well as how cancer cells continue to proliferate and evade the body’s natural defense mechanisms. One key aspect of cancer biology is the study of signaling pathways that are dysregulated in cancer cells. These pathways play a crucial role in controlling cell growth, division, and survival, and when they are altered, they can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor formation. By identifying and targeting these aberrant signaling pathways, researchers hope to develop new and more effective treatments for cancer. Cancer biology also explores the factors that contribute to the development of cancer, such as genetic mutations, environmental exposures, and lifestyle choices. By understanding the underlying mechanisms of cancer, researchers can improve early detection and prevention strategies, as well as develop targeted therapies that specifically disrupt the signaling pathways driving cancer growth. Ultimately, the goal of cancer biology is to improve outcomes for cancer patients and reduce the global burden of this devastating disease.
- [Cardiovascular](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cardiovascular/) - Explore the intricate network of signaling pathways that govern the cardiovascular system. From heart rate and blood pressure regulation to vessel growth and repair, signaling molecules play a pivotal role in maintaining cardiovascular health. Discover how imbalances in these pathways contribute to heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular disorders. Delve into the mechanisms underlying key signaling molecules like nitric oxide, endothelin, and angiotensin II. Understand the role of these pathways in cardiac development, aging, and response to injury. Gain insights into potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases by exploring the latest research on signaling pathway modulation.
- [cDNA Synthesis](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/cdna-synthesis/) - Solis BioDyne cDNA Synthesis Kits – Stability and Convenience for Superior Results Biolinkk offers a range of Solis BioDyne cDNA Synthesis Kits and Mixes, designed for excellent performance and convenience. These kits are stable at room temperature for up to 30 days, enabling ice-free reaction setups and providing a wide reaction temperature range for optimal flexibility. With rapid reaction times, these cDNA synthesis products deliver reliable, high-quality results in a streamlined process. As the authorized distributor of Solis BioDyne in India, Biolinkk provides access to these advanced solutions for your research needs. Explore our range of cDNA synthesis products below, or consult the Product Selection Guide to find the ideal solution for your experiments. For orders or inquiries, contact us at customerservice@biolinkk.com.
- [Cell &Tissue Stain](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cell-tissue-stain/) - Staining techniques are essential tools for visualizing and understanding the intricacies of cellular and tissue structures. By highlighting specific components, these methods provide invaluable insights into signaling pathways. Explore the world of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Learn how these techniques reveal cellular morphology, protein expression, and genetic alterations, contributing to our knowledge of normal cell function and disease states. Discover how staining techniques are employed to study cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and other critical signaling processes. Delve into the technical aspects of staining, including sample preparation, staining protocols, and image analysis. Gain a deeper appreciation for the role of staining in advancing our comprehension of cellular signaling and its implications for biomedical research and clinical diagnostics.
- [Cell Apoptosis](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cell-apoptosis/) - Cell apoptosis is a crucial process in which cells self-destruct in a controlled manner in response to various signals. It plays a vital role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by eliminating unwanted or damaged cells to prevent the spread of diseases and maintain overall health. Apoptosis is a highly regulated process that involves a series of signaling pathways that ultimately lead to cell death. These pathways can be categorized into extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, each triggered by different stimuli. The extrinsic pathway is initiated by external signals, such as cytokines or death ligands, binding to cell surface receptors, leading to the activation of caspases and ultimately cell death. On the other hand, the intrinsic pathway is triggered by internal signals, such as DNA damage or mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to the release of cytochrome c and the activation of caspases. Understanding the signaling pathways involved in cell apoptosis is essential for developing therapeutic interventions for various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Targeting these pathways can help regulate cell death and promote cell survival, offering new strategies for treating a wide range of conditions.
- [Cell Biology](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cell-biology-101/) - Cell signaling pathways are crucial for cell communication and coordination in various biological processes. One important subcategory of signaling pathways is the intracellular signaling pathways, which involve the transmission of signals within the cell to orchestrate cellular responses. These pathways are mediated by a series of molecular events that ultimately regulate gene expression, protein activity, and other cellular processes. Intracellular signaling pathways can be triggered by various extracellular signals, such as hormones, growth factors, or neurotransmitters, and play a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to environmental changes. Some common intracellular signaling pathways include the MAPK pathway, PI3K/Akt pathway, and JAK/STAT pathway, each of which plays a distinct role in regulating cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of intracellular signaling pathways can lead to various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and metabolic disorders. Understanding the intricacies of intracellular signaling pathways is essential for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular processes and developing targeted therapies for various diseases. Researchers continue to investigate these pathways to uncover novel drug targets and improve the treatment of complex diseases.
- [Cell Culture](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cell-culture-101/) - Cell culture is a technique used in biological research to grow and study cells outside of their natural environment. It allows researchers to study the behavior of cells in a controlled setting, which can provide important insights into cellular functions and behavior. Cell culture is commonly used in a wide range of fields, including cell biology, genetics, cancer research, drug development, and regenerative medicine. One specific subcategory of cell culture is the study of signaling pathways. Signaling pathways are a series of molecular events that occur within a cell in response to a stimulus, such as a hormone or growth factor. These pathways play a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and survival. By studying signaling pathways in cell culture, researchers can gain a better understanding of how cells communicate and respond to their environment. This knowledge can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of diseases such as cancer, and can help identify potential targets for therapeutic interventions. Cell culture studies of signaling pathways are therefore an important tool in biomedical research, and have the potential to advance our understanding of complex cellular processes.
- [Cell Cyde/Checkpoint](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cell-cycle-checkpoint/) - The cell cycle is a tightly regulated process responsible for growth and division of cells. Cell cycle checkpoints are key regulatory mechanisms that ensure each step of the cell cycle is completed accurately before progressing to the next phase. These checkpoints monitor DNA integrity, cell size, and environmental conditions to prevent errors in cell division that could lead to genetic abnormalities and diseases such as cancer. Cell cycle checkpoints are activated by signaling pathways that respond to external signals and internal cues to coordinate the progression of the cell cycle. These pathways involve a complex network of proteins and molecules that communicate information about the cell’s status and trigger the appropriate responses to maintain genomic stability. Dysregulation of cell cycle checkpoints can disrupt the normal progression of the cell cycle, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of cell cycle checkpoints and the signaling pathways that regulate them is crucial for developing targeted therapies to treat diseases caused by aberrant cell cycle regulation. Researchers continue to explore these pathways to uncover potential therapeutic targets for cancer and other diseases characterized by abnormal cell division.
- [Cell Cyde/DNA Damage](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cell-cycle-dna-damage/) - Cell cycle/DNA damage signaling pathways are crucial for maintaining genomic stability and regulating cell division. When DNA damage occurs, these pathways are activated to either repair the damage or induce cell death to prevent the propagation of mutations. Key players in these pathways include cell cycle checkpoints, DNA repair enzymes, and signaling molecules that coordinate the appropriate cellular response to DNA damage. Dysregulation of these pathways can result in various diseases, including cancer and genetic disorders. Cell cycle/DNA damage signaling pathways are tightly regulated and interconnected to ensure proper responses to DNA damage during different phases of the cell cycle. For example, the activation of checkpoint proteins like p53 and ATM can lead to cell cycle arrest to allow for DNA repair before cell division proceeds. Understanding the intricate mechanisms of cell cycle/DNA damage signaling pathways is essential for developing targeted therapies to effectively treat diseases associated with genomic instability. Researchers continue to investigate these pathways to uncover potential drug targets and improve treatment outcomes for patients with DNA damage-related conditions.
- [Cell Line](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cell-line-informinf-url/) - Cell lines are a type of signaling pathway that involve the communication and interaction between cells in a specific lineage. These pathways play a crucial role in the regulation of various cellular processes such as growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Cell lines are essentially a population of cells that have been derived from a single original cell and have the ability to continuously proliferate in culture under certain conditions. They are commonly used in research and drug development to study the behavior and response of cells to external stimuli or signals. Cell lines can be derived from various sources including normal cells, cancer cells, and stem cells. Each cell line represents a unique model system that can be used to study specific aspects of cell biology and disease pathology. Overall, cell lines are an invaluable tool for researchers to explore the complex signaling pathways that govern cellular behavior and function. They provide a simplified and controlled system for studying the mechanisms underlying various diseases and for testing potential therapeutic interventions.
- [Cell Proliferation](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cell-proliferation-url/) - Cell proliferation is a vital process that regulates the growth and division of cells in the body. This subcategory of signaling pathways focuses on the specific mechanisms and pathways that control cell proliferation. These pathways involve intricate communication between cells, as well as interactions with external cues and signals. Cell proliferation is essential for tissue growth, repair, and regeneration, as well as for maintaining homeostasis in the body. Dysregulation of cell proliferation pathways can lead to various diseases, including cancer, where cells proliferate uncontrollably. Key components of cell proliferation signaling pathways include growth factors, receptors, and downstream signaling molecules that regulate cell cycle progression and division. These pathways are tightly regulated to ensure proper cell growth and division, as well as to prevent uncontrolled proliferation. Understanding the intricate signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation is crucial for developing targeted therapies for diseases such as cancer. By manipulating these pathways, researchers hope to control cell proliferation and potentially inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Studying cell proliferation signaling pathways also provides insights into basic cellular processes and may lead to new advancements in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
- [Chemokines](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/chemokines-url/) - Chemokines are a subcategory of signaling pathways that play a crucial role in directing the movement of cells in the immune system. These small proteins act as chemoattractants, guiding immune cells to sites of infection, inflammation, and tissue damage. Chemokines are produced by various cell types, including immune cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. Once released, chemokines bind to specific receptors on the surface of target cells, triggering a series of intracellular signaling events that ultimately lead to cell migration. This migration is essential for the immune response, as it allows immune cells to reach and eliminate pathogens or damaged cells effectively. In addition to their role in immune responses, chemokines also play a role in other physiological processes, such as tissue development, angiogenesis, and wound healing. Dysregulation of chemokines and their receptors has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory conditions. Overall, chemokines are crucial mediators of cell migration and immune responses, highlighting their importance in maintaining homeostasis and defending the body against pathogens and injuries.
- [Chromatin/Epigenetics](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/chromatin-epigenetics/) - Chromatin and epigenetics signaling pathways involve the regulation of gene expression through modifications to the structure of chromatin, the complex of DNA and proteins in the cell nucleus. These modifications can include changes to the packaging of DNA around histone proteins, as well as chemical modifications to the DNA itself. Epigenetic changes can affect gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence, allowing cells to respond to various signals and environmental cues. These changes can be heritable through cell division and play crucial roles in development, disease, and cell differentiation. Chromatin remodeling and epigenetic modifications are regulated by a variety of signaling pathways that can be activated by various extracellular signals. These pathways can lead to changes in gene expression by altering the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors and other regulatory proteins. Understanding the chromatin and epigenetic signaling pathways is essential for unraveling the complexity of gene regulation and can provide insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Research in this field continues to expand our knowledge of cellular processes and their impact on human health.
- [Chromatography](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/chromatography-url/) - Chromatography is a subset of signaling pathways that involves the separation and analysis of complex mixtures of chemicals. By using chromatographic techniques, researchers can identify and quantify different components within a sample based on their interactions with a stationary phase and a mobile phase. Chromatography is a powerful tool for studying signaling pathways because it allows for the isolation and analysis of specific molecules involved in cell signaling. By separating out individual components, researchers can gain a better understanding of how different molecules interact within a signaling pathway and how these interactions contribute to cellular function. There are many different types of chromatography techniques, including gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry, each with their own strengths and limitations. These techniques can be used in combination with other analytical methods to provide a comprehensive picture of signaling pathways and their underlying mechanisms. Overall, chromatography plays a crucial role in studying signaling pathways by allowing researchers to isolate and analyze specific molecules involved in cell signaling, ultimately leading to a better understanding of complex cellular processes.
- [Click Chemistry reagents](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/click-chemistry-reagents-url/) - Click Chemistry reagents are a subcategory of signaling pathways that are used in bioconjugation reactions. These reagents are essential tools in chemical biology and drug discovery research, as they enable the rapid and specific labeling of biomolecules in complex biological systems. Click Chemistry reactions are characterized by their high selectivity, fast reaction rates, and compatibility with various functional groups. Click Chemistry reagents consist of small molecular compounds that react with target molecules through a bioorthogonal reaction, which does not interfere with native biological processes. This makes them ideal for studying protein-protein interactions, protein localization, and post-translational modifications in living cells. Additionally, Click Chemistry reagents can be used to synthesize new drug candidates, develop targeted imaging agents, and create novel biomaterials for regenerative medicine applications. Overall, Click Chemistry reagents have revolutionized the field of chemical biology by providing researchers with powerful tools to study and manipulate signaling pathways in living systems. Their versatility, reliability, and ease of use make them indispensable for a wide range of biological and pharmaceutical applications.
- [Cyanine dyes](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cyanine-dyes/) - Cyanine dyes are a type of fluorescent dyes commonly used in biological research and imaging applications. These dyes are known for their intense fluorescence and high photostability, making them ideal for studying various signaling pathways within cells. Cyanine dyes can be utilized to label specific biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, allowing researchers to track their localization and dynamics in real-time. By attaching cyanine dyes to these molecules, researchers can visualize their movement within cells and tissues, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying different signaling pathways. In addition to their use in basic research, cyanine dyes also have clinical applications, such as in the detection and monitoring of diseases like cancer. By conjugating cyanine dyes to targeting molecules, researchers can develop imaging agents that specifically bind to cancer cells, enabling the visualization and accurate diagnosis of tumors. Overall, cyanine dyes play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of cellular signaling pathways and offer a powerful tool for studying complex biological processes in health and disease.
- [Cytokines](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/cytokines-url/) - Cytokines are a group of small proteins that play a crucial role in cell signaling and regulating the immune response. These signaling molecules are involved in numerous biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, and communication between cells. Cytokines are secreted by various cells in the immune system such as macrophages, T cells, and B cells, as well as other cell types like fibroblasts and endothelial cells. One of the key functions of cytokines is to mediate communication between immune cells in response to infection, injury, or inflammation. They can act locally within a tissue or travel through the bloodstream to target cells in distant parts of the body. Cytokines can either stimulate or suppress immune responses, depending on the specific type and context of the signaling pathway. Dysregulation of cytokine signaling is associated with a variety of diseases, including autoimmune disorders, inflammatory conditions, and cancer. In recent years, targeting cytokines or their receptors has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for managing these diseases. Overall, understanding the role of cytokines in signaling pathways is essential for unraveling the complexities of the immune system and developing effective treatments for related disorders.
- [Direct PCR Kits & Master Mixes](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/direct-pcr-kits-master-mixes/) - Direct PCR kits and master mixes are a subcategory of signaling pathways in molecular biology. These kits are designed to simplify and streamline the process of PCR (polymerase chain reaction) by allowing users to skip the DNA extraction and purification steps. Direct PCR kits and master mixes contain all the necessary components for performing PCR directly from samples such as whole blood, tissues, and cells. This eliminates the need for time-consuming and labor-intensive DNA extraction procedures, making the PCR process faster and more efficient. These kits are particularly useful for high-throughput applications, as they can significantly reduce the overall workflow time and labor costs. They are also ideal for samples with low DNA concentrations or degraded DNA, as they can amplify target sequences directly from minimal or suboptimal DNA samples. Overall, direct PCR kits and master mixes are valuable tools for researchers and scientists looking to streamline their PCR workflows and achieve reliable and reproducible results. By simplifying the PCR process, these kits make molecular biology experiments more accessible and efficient.
- [DNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/dna-information/) - DNA signaling pathways involve the complex process through which cells communicate and respond to various signals within the cell. These pathways play a crucial role in regulating gene expression, cell growth, differentiation, and survival. One of the key components of DNA signaling pathways is the activation of specific receptors on the cell membrane or within the cell itself. These receptors can be activated by a variety of signals, such as growth factors, hormones, or stress signals, which then trigger a cascade of molecular events that ultimately lead to changes in gene expression and cellular function. DNA signaling pathways also involve the activation of various proteins, enzymes, and transcription factors that help relay and integrate the signals received by the cell. These pathways are highly regulated and coordinated to ensure proper cellular responses to internal and external stimuli. Overall, DNA signaling pathways are essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and controlling various biological processes. Dysregulation of these pathways can lead to a range of diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and metabolic disorders. Therefore, understanding and targeting DNA signaling pathways is crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies for a variety of diseases.
- [DNA Damage/DNA Repair](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/dna-damage-dna-repair/) - The DNA damage/DNA repair signaling pathway is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the genetic material in cells. This pathway is responsible for detecting and repairing damaged DNA, which can result from various sources such as UV radiation, chemicals, and natural errors during DNA replication. When DNA damage occurs, sensors within the cell recognize the damage and activate signaling pathways that initiate DNA repair mechanisms. These repair processes may involve different enzymes and proteins that work together to correct the damage and prevent mutations from being passed on to future generations of cells. Failure to repair DNA damage can lead to genomic instability, which is a hallmark of cancer and other genetic disorders. Therefore, the DNA damage/DNA repair signaling pathway plays a critical role in protecting cells from harmful mutations and maintaining genomic stability. Researchers are actively studying this pathway to understand how it functions and how it can be targeted for therapeutic purposes, particularly in the treatment of cancer. By manipulating the DNA damage/DNA repair signaling pathway, scientists hope to develop more effective treatments that can selectively target cancer cells while sparing healthy cells.
- [DNA Ladders](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/additional-reagents/dna-ladders/) - DNA Ladders provide molecular weight markers for accurate sizing of DNA fragments in gel electrophoresis. Solis Biodyne offers a range of DNA ladders with sharp, consistent bands, distributed by Biolinkk to meet the needs of various molecular biology experiments.
- [DNA Manipulation](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/dna-manipulation/) - DNA manipulation is a subcategory of signaling pathways that involves the intentional alteration of genetic material in order to study gene function, develop new treatments for genetic diseases, and create genetically modified organisms. This manipulation can be achieved through a variety of techniques such as gene editing, gene silencing, and gene transfer. Gene editing techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 allow researchers to make precise changes to DNA sequences, enabling the correction of genetic mutations or the introduction of new genes. Gene silencing methods, such as RNA interference, can be used to temporarily or permanently turn off specific genes to study their function or prevent the expression of harmful genes. Gene transfer techniques involve the introduction of foreign DNA into an organism’s genome, either for research purposes or to confer new traits or abilities. These tools have revolutionized the field of molecular biology and have countless applications in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. Overall, DNA manipulation plays a crucial role in understanding genetic mechanisms and has the potential to shape the future of healthcare and agriculture.
- [DNA/RNA Kit](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/dna-rna-kit/) - Explore the essential tools for studying gene expression and its impact on signaling pathways. Discover a range of DNA and RNA extraction kits designed to isolate high-quality nucleic acids from various biological samples. Learn about qPCR kits for precise gene quantification, and microarray kits for comprehensive gene expression profiling. These tools are crucial for understanding how genetic information influences cellular signaling and disease development. Find the right kit for your research needs and optimize your experimental workflow.
- [Dye-based qPCR Master Mixes](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/qpcr-and-rt-qpcr/dye-based-qpcr-master-mixes/) - Dye-based qPCR Master Mixes utilize fluorescent dyes like SYBR Green to enable real-time quantification of DNA during qPCR reactions. These mixes are optimized for high sensitivity and reliable detection in a wide range of applications. Solis Biodyne’s dye-based qPCR reagents are exclusively distributed by Biolinkk.
- [EdU](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/edu/) - Discover EdU imaging kits, the gold standard for measuring cell proliferation. These kits utilize click chemistry to detect newly synthesized DNA, providing a sensitive and reliable method to quantify cell growth. Ideal for studying cell cycle dynamics, drug efficacy, and tissue regeneration, EdU imaging offers superior performance compared to traditional BrdU methods. Explore a range of kits optimized for different experimental setups and imaging modalities to accurately assess cell proliferation in your research. Unleash the power of EdU to advance your cellular studies.
- [Endocrinology and Hormones](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/endocrinology-hormones/) - Endocrinology and Hormones is a specific subcategory within the broader field of signaling pathways that focuses on the study of hormones and their effects on the body. Endocrinology is the branch of biology and medicine that deals with the endocrine system, which is responsible for producing and regulating hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers that are produced by various glands in the body and play a crucial role in regulating numerous bodily functions, such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Researchers in the field of Endocrinology and Hormones study how hormones interact with specific receptors in cells to trigger a cellular response. They also investigate the role of hormones in various physiological processes and diseases, such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and reproductive health issues. Overall, Endocrinology and Hormones is a fascinating and important subcategory of signaling pathways that provides insight into the intricate ways in which the body communicates and regulates its biological functions through the use of hormones. This field of study is essential for understanding and treating a wide range of health conditions related to hormone imbalances.
- [Endpoint PCR](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/endpoint-pcr/) - PCR Solutions from Solis BioDyne – Amplify Your Research with Precision and Stability The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is an essential technique used to amplify small segments of DNA, even from samples with minimal DNA content. It allows for the amplification of specific DNA regions across a wide range of applications. At Biolinkk, we offer a complete range of Solis BioDyne’s high-performance enzymes and master mixes designed for robust, thermostable, and highly processive PCR reactions. Thanks to Solis BioDyne’s innovative Stability TAG technology, their enzymes and master mixes maintain superior stability at ambient temperatures, with no loss of activity for up to 1 month. Explore range of PCR products below.
- [Enzymes](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/enzymes-url-informtion/) - Enzymes play a crucial role in signaling pathways by catalyzing reactions that transmit biochemical signals within a cell. These enzymes can modify other proteins by adding phosphate groups, cleaving specific bonds, or altering their structure, thereby initiating a cascade of events that ultimately lead to a cellular response. Enzymes involved in signaling pathways are highly specific and tightly regulated to ensure the proper transmission of signals. They can be activated or inhibited by various mechanisms, such as phosphorylation, allosteric regulation, or direct binding of small molecules. One of the most well-known enzymes in signaling pathways is protein kinases, which add phosphate groups to target proteins to modulate their activity. Conversely, protein phosphatases remove phosphate groups, providing a means of turning off signaling pathways. Overall, enzymes in signaling pathways serve as critical components that help cells respond to external stimuli, maintain homeostasis, and coordinate various cellular processes. Understanding the role of enzymes in signaling pathways is essential for unraveling complex cellular signaling networks and developing targeted therapies for various diseases.
- [Enzymes for MALDI-TOF](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/additional-reagents/enzymes-for-maldi-tof/) - Enzymes for MALDI-TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight) are specialized enzymes that assist in the identification of biomolecules. Solis Biodyne provides reliable enzymes for MALDI-TOF analysis, exclusively distributed by Biolinkk for cutting-edge research applications.
- [Epigenetics](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/epigenetics-url-inform/) - Epigenetics is a subcategory of signaling pathways that focuses on the study of heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence. These changes can occur in response to various environmental factors, such as diet, stress, and toxins, and can impact how genes are turned on or off. One way epigenetic modifications occur is through the addition or removal of chemical tags, such as methyl or acetyl groups, to the DNA or histone proteins associated with the DNA. These modifications can alter the accessibility of genes to the transcription machinery, influencing the expression of specific genes. Epigenetics plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including development, cell differentiation, and disease progression. Dysregulation of epigenetic mechanisms has been implicated in numerous diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and neurological conditions. Understanding epigenetics is important for developing new therapeutic strategies to treat diseases by targeting specific epigenetic changes. Research in this field continues to uncover the intricate mechanisms by which epigenetic modifications influence gene expression and cellular function, ultimately leading to a better understanding of human health and disease.
- [First-strand cDNA Synthesis Kits](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/cdna-synthesis/first-strand-cdna-synthesis-kits/) - First-strand cDNA Synthesis Kits provide an all-in-one solution for efficient and accurate synthesis of the first-strand cDNA from RNA. These kits are designed for high sensitivity and ease of use. Solis Biodyne’s cDNA synthesis kits are exclusively available through Biolinkk.
- [First-strand cDNA Synthesis Mixes](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/cdna-synthesis/first-strand-cdna-synthesis-mixes/) - First-strand cDNA Synthesis Mixes offer a convenient, ready-to-use format for synthesizing first-strand cDNA. Optimized for reproducibility and efficiency, these mixes help streamline the cDNA synthesis process. Biolinkk distributes Solis Biodyne’s high-quality synthesis mixes.
- [Fluorescent dyes](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/fluorescent-dyes-usage/) - Fluorescent dyes are a subclass of signaling pathways used in biological research to visualize and track specific molecules within cells. These dyes emit light of a specific color when excited by a particular wavelength of light, making them valuable tools for studying complex cellular processes. Fluorescent dyes are widely utilized in various research fields including cell biology, neuroscience, and genetics. They can be conjugated to antibodies, proteins, or other molecules to target and visualize specific cellular structures or molecules. This allows researchers to observe key cellular events such as protein localization, cell signaling, and gene expression in real-time. Fluorescent dyes come in a variety of colors and have different properties such as brightness, photostability, and cell permeability. Researchers can choose the appropriate dye based on their specific experimental needs. Overall, fluorescent dyes are indispensable tools in modern biological research, enabling researchers to gain valuable insights into the complex mechanisms that govern cellular function and behavior.
- [GPCR/G protein](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/gpcr-g-protein/) - GPCRs (G-protein coupled receptors) are a major subcategory of signaling pathways that play a crucial role in transmitting signals from outside the cell to within. These receptors are involved in a wide range of physiological processes including sensory perception, neurotransmission, hormonal regulation, and immune responses. When a ligand binds to a GPCR, it causes a conformational change in the receptor that activates an associated G-protein. The activated G-protein then triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events that ultimately lead to a specific cellular response. GPCRs are a diverse family of proteins that can be classified into different subtypes based on their structure and function. Some examples of GPCR subtypes include rhodopsin-like, secretin-like, and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Dysregulation of GPCR signaling pathways has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological conditions. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying GPCR/G protein signaling is essential for the development of novel therapeutics targeted at these pathways.
- [Growth Factors](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/growth-factors-url/) - Growth factors are signaling molecules that play a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. They mediate their effects through various signaling pathways, ultimately leading to changes in gene expression and cellular functions. Growth factors are essential for normal development, tissue repair, and maintenance of homeostasis in multicellular organisms. They are secreted by cells in response to specific stimuli and act on target cells by binding to their cell surface receptors. Some well-known growth factors include epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF. Dysregulation of growth factor signaling pathways can lead to various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and developmental disorders. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of growth factor signaling and exploring potential therapeutic targets within these pathways is crucial for the development of novel treatments for a wide range of diseases.
- [Hot-start PCR Enzymes and Master Mixes](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/endpoint-pcr/hot-start-pcr-enzymes-and-master-mixes/) - Hot-start PCR Enzymes and Master Mixes are designed for enhanced specificity in PCR, reducing non-specific amplification and primer-dimer formation. These reagents provide greater accuracy and efficiency in PCR reactions, especially in demanding applications. Biolinkk proudly distributes Solis Biodyne’s premium hot-start PCR products.
- [HRM](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/qpcr-and-rt-qpcr/hrm/) - HRM (High-Resolution Melt) Analysis reagents are optimized for precise detection of DNA sequence variations, such as SNPs and mutations, through melting curve analysis. Solis Biodyne’s HRM solutions offer exceptional accuracy, and Biolinkk serves as the authorized distributor.
- [Immunology](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/immunology-url/) - Immunology is a subcategory of signaling pathways that focuses on how the immune system responds to various threats, including pathogens, cancer cells, and self-antigens. The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and molecules that work together to identify and eliminate foreign invaders, while also maintaining tolerance to self-tissues. Immunology encompasses the study of immune cells such as T cells, B cells, and macrophages, as well as the signaling pathways that regulate their activation, differentiation, and function. Key signaling pathways in immunology include those mediated by cytokines, chemokines, and signaling molecules such as NF-kB, STATs, and MAP kinases. Understanding immunology is crucial for developing new therapies and vaccines for diseases such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. Research in immunology also plays a critical role in understanding how the immune system can be harnessed to enhance immune responses in the context of immunotherapy. Overall, immunology is a vital subcategory of signaling pathways that has far-reaching implications for human health and disease.
- [Immunology/Inflammation](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/immunology-inflammation-url/) - Immunology/Inflammation signaling pathways involve a complex network of molecules and interactions that regulate the immune response and inflammatory processes in the body. These pathways play a crucial role in defending the body against pathogens and maintaining tissue homeostasis. The immune response is initiated by the recognition of pathogens or damage-associated molecular patterns by immune cells, leading to the activation of signaling molecules such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. These signaling molecules then trigger a cascade of events that coordinate the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection or injury, the activation of these immune cells, and the production of inflammatory mediators to eliminate the threat. Dysregulation of immunology/inflammation signaling pathways can lead to chronic inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, and increased susceptibility to infections. Understanding these pathways is essential for developing targeted therapies to modulate the immune response and treat a variety of immune-related disorders. Overall, immunology/inflammation signaling pathways are a crucial subcategory of signaling pathways that govern the immune system’s response to threats and maintain tissue health and integrity.
- [Isothermal amplification](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/isothermal-amplification/) - Solis BioDyne LAMP Solutions – Fast, Simple, and Sensitive DNA Detection As an innovative alternative to PCR, the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) method provides a rapid, straightforward, and highly sensitive approach to DNA detection. Solis BioDyne’s LAMP solutions are designed to meet the demands of modern molecular biology research. One of the key components of this process is SoliSD™ Bsm DNA Polymerase, derived from Bacillus smithii. This enzyme exhibits high strand displacement activity, making it an ideal choice for LAMP applications. With functional similarities to other Bst and Bsm polymerases, SoliSD™ Bsm DNA Polymerase ensures efficient and reliable DNA amplification. At Biolinkk, we are proud to be the authorized distributor of Solis BioDyne in India. We offer a variety of Bsm DNA Polymerase-based kits in a convenient 5-vial format, allowing you the flexibility to develop your own isothermal amplification assays. Thanks to Solis BioDyne’s Stability TAG technology, these enzymes and master mixes maintain their stability at ambient temperature, with no activity loss for up to 1 month. For orders or inquiries, please contact us at customerservice@biolinkk.com.
- [JAK/STAT Signaling Kits](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/jak-stat-signaling-kits/) - JAK/STAT signaling kits are specialized tools used to study the Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway in cells. This pathway plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression and cellular responses to various stimuli, such as growth factors, cytokines, and hormones. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway is involved in a wide range of biological processes, including immune response, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of this pathway has been linked to the development of various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory conditions. JAK/STAT signaling kits typically include reagents for detecting and quantifying key components of the pathway, such as phosphorylated JAK and STAT proteins, as well as downstream targets of STAT, such as interferon-responsive genes. These kits are commonly used in research laboratories to investigate the activation and inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway under different experimental conditions. Overall, JAK/STAT signaling kits are valuable tools for studying the molecular mechanisms involved in signal transduction and for identifying potential targets for therapeutic intervention in diseases associated with dysregulated JAK/STAT signaling.
- [Kits](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/kits/) - Discover a comprehensive range of kits designed to simplify your signaling pathway research. From fluorescence-based systems for precise detection to colorimetric assays for quantitative analysis, our kits provide the tools you need to explore complex cellular processes. Enhance your imaging capabilities with our staining kits, allowing for detailed visualization of cellular structures and protein localization. Optimize your workflow and generate reliable, reproducible results with our high-quality kits.
- [Lab Reagents](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/lab-reagents/) - Lab reagents are essential components used in various experiments and procedures in the laboratory setting. In the subcategory of signaling pathways, these reagents are specifically designed to study and manipulate the complex network of communication within cells. These reagents include antibodies, enzymes, inhibitors, and fluorescent markers that target specific molecules and pathways involved in signaling cascades. By using these tools, researchers can investigate the mechanisms that regulate cell growth, differentiation, and response to external stimuli. Lab reagents for signaling pathways are commonly used in techniques such as immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and fluorescence microscopy to analyze the activation of key signaling molecules, such as kinases and transcription factors. They play a vital role in understanding diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders, where dysregulation of signaling pathways is often observed. Overall, lab reagents for signaling pathways are invaluable tools for scientists seeking to unravel the intricacies of cell signaling and its implications in normal physiology and disease states.
- [Labels and tags](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/labels-and-tags/) - Labels and tags are a subcategory of signaling pathways that play a crucial role in cell communication and regulation. These molecular markers are used to identify specific molecules, proteins, or compartments within the cell, allowing for precise signaling and coordination of cellular activities. Labels are typically small molecules or chemical groups that are added to proteins or other molecules to mark them for specific cellular functions. These labels can help regulate the activity of proteins, target them for degradation, or signal their movement within the cell. Tags, on the other hand, are larger protein domains that can be added to proteins to alter their function or localization. These tags can be used for protein purification, visualization, or for tracking the movement of proteins within cellular compartments. Overall, labels and tags are essential for the proper functioning of signaling pathways in cells. They allow for precise communication between cells and ensure that important cellular processes are carried out efficiently.
- [Life Science](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/life-science/) - Signaling pathways in life science are complex networks of biochemical reactions that allow cells to communicate with each other and respond to their environment. These pathways regulate various cellular processes, including growth, differentiation, metabolism, and apoptosis. One subcategory of signaling pathways in life science is intracellular signaling, which involves communication within the cell itself. Intracellular signaling pathways often rely on the activation of protein kinases, which phosphorylate other proteins and thereby regulate their activity. One well-known example of an intracellular signaling pathway is the MAPK pathway, which plays a critical role in cell proliferation and survival. Understanding intracellular signaling pathways is essential for unraveling the mechanisms underlying various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Dysregulation of these pathways can lead to abnormal cell growth, uncontrolled cell division, and other pathological changes. Researchers in the field of life science study intracellular signaling pathways using a variety of techniques, including molecular biology, biochemistry, and cell biology. By elucidating the details of these pathways, scientists hope to develop new therapies for a wide range of diseases.
- [Loading Dyes](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/additional-reagents/loading-dyes/) - Loading Dyes are used to visualize and monitor the progress of nucleic acids during gel electrophoresis. Solis Biodyne’s loading dyes ensure clear and precise band separation for DNA/RNA analysis, available through Biolinkk for reliable lab results.
- [Lyophilization](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/qpcr-and-rt-qpcr/lyophilization/) - Lyophilization involves the freeze-drying of PCR reagents for extended shelf life and stability, ideal for long-term storage and transport without refrigeration. Solis Biodyne’s lyophilized products, distributed by Biolinkk, maintain high performance in qPCR applications.
- [MAPK Signaling](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/mapk-signaling-url/) - MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling is a crucial pathway that regulates a wide range of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and response to external stimuli. MAPK signaling is a subcategory within the broader category of signaling pathways, which play a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and coordinating cellular responses to various extracellular signals. The MAPK signaling pathway involves a series of protein kinases that are activated in response to various stimuli, such as growth factors, stress, and cytokines. These kinases phosphorylate and activate downstream targets, ultimately leading to changes in gene expression and cellular behavior. Dysregulation of MAPK signaling has been implicated in numerous human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and inflammatory conditions. Understanding the intricacies of MAPK signaling is essential for developing targeted therapies for these diseases. Researchers are continuously exploring the various components and regulators of the MAPK pathway to identify potential drug targets and develop more effective treatments. Overall, MAPK signaling is a fundamental pathway that plays a crucial role in mediating cellular responses to environmental signals and maintaining cellular homeostasis.
- [MAPK Signaling Kit](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/mapk-signaling-kit/) - The MAPK Signaling Kit is a subcategory of signaling pathways that focuses on the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway. This pathway plays a crucial role in cellular processes such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. The MAPK pathway is activated by various extracellular stimuli such as growth factors, cytokines, and environmental stresses. The MAPK Signaling Kit enables researchers to study the regulation and activation of MAPK signaling in cells. It includes tools and reagents for detecting and quantifying the activity of key proteins in the pathway, such as MAP kinase kinases (MAPKKs), MAP kinases (MAPKs), and MAP kinase phosphatases (MKPs). Researchers can use the MAPK Signaling Kit to investigate how dysregulation of the MAPK pathway contributes to diseases such as cancer, inflammatory disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. By understanding the complexities of MAPK signaling, researchers can develop targeted therapies that modulate this pathway for therapeutic benefit. Overall, the MAPK Signaling Kit is a valuable tool for studying the intricate mechanisms of cellular communication and signal transduction.
- [MAPK/ERK](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/mapk-erk-url/) - The MAPK/ERK signaling pathway is a crucial cellular pathway involved in regulating various cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. It consists of a cascade of protein kinases that are activated in response to extracellular signals such as growth factors, cytokines, and stress stimuli. The pathway is initiated by the binding of a ligand to a cell surface receptor, which activates a series of kinases including RAF, MEK, and ERK. Once activated, ERK translocates to the nucleus where it phosphorylates transcription factors and other proteins, ultimately leading to changes in gene expression and cellular behavior. Dysregulation of the MAPK/ERK pathway has been implicated in a variety of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms and regulation of this signaling pathway is crucial for developing targeted therapies for these diseases. Overall, the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway plays a critical role in coordinating cellular responses to various stimuli and is essential for maintaining normal physiological functions in cells.
- [Membrane Transporter](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/membrane-transporter/) - Membrane transporters are proteins that are responsible for moving molecules such as ions, nutrients, and proteins across cell membranes. These transporters play a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of cells by regulating the internal environment and communicating with the external environment. Membrane transporters are a subcategory of signaling pathways as they are involved in transmitting signals between cells and their external environment. They help cells respond to changes in their surroundings, such as changes in nutrient availability or exposure to toxins. There are several types of membrane transporters, including channels, carriers, and pumps, each with specific functions and mechanisms for transporting molecules across the membrane. Channels allow for passive diffusion of molecules, carriers facilitate the movement of specific molecules, and pumps actively transport molecules against their concentration gradients. Overall, membrane transporters are essential for cellular function and are crucial for communication between cells and their environment. Understanding the role of membrane transporters in signaling pathways is vital for understanding how cells respond to their surroundings and maintaining cellular homeostasis.
- [Metabolic Enzyme/Protease](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/metabolic-enzyme-protease-url-informal/) - Metabolic enzymes and proteases are vital components of signaling pathways that regulate various cellular processes, including metabolism, growth, and immunity. Metabolic enzymes play a crucial role in the chemical reactions that convert nutrients into energy and building blocks for cell growth and maintenance. They also regulate the balance between anabolic and catabolic processes, ensuring proper energy utilization and cell function. Proteases, on the other hand, are enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids. They play a crucial role in protein turnover, post-translational modification, and signal transduction within cells. Proteases are involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including apoptosis, inflammation, and immune response. Together, metabolic enzymes and proteases form a subcategory of signaling pathways that coordinate and regulate cellular functions. Dysregulation of these pathways can lead to various diseases, including metabolic disorders, cancer, and autoimmune conditions. Understanding the role of metabolic enzymes and proteases in signaling pathways is essential for developing targeted therapies and interventions to treat these diseases.
- [Metabolism](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/metabolism-url-inform/) - Metabolism is a subcategory of signaling pathways that involves the chemical reactions and processes that occur within an organism to maintain life. These metabolic pathways play a crucial role in converting food into energy, building and repairing cells, and regulating various physiological functions. Metabolism is a highly regulated process that is controlled by intricate signaling pathways involving enzymes, hormones, and other signaling molecules. These pathways help to coordinate the utilization and storage of nutrients, as well as regulate metabolic processes in response to changing environmental conditions. Disruption of metabolic signaling pathways can lead to various health issues, including metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Understanding the intricate signaling pathways involved in metabolism is crucial for developing treatments and interventions to manage and prevent these conditions. Overall, metabolism is a vital subcategory of signaling pathways that plays a fundamental role in maintaining homeostasis and ensuring the proper functioning of the body’s cells and tissues. By studying these pathways, researchers can gain insights into how metabolism is regulated and how it can be targeted for therapeutic purposes.
- [Metabolism Kit](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/metabolism-kit-url/) - Metabolism Kit is a subcategory of signaling pathways that focuses on the biochemical processes within cells that are responsible for converting nutrients into energy and building blocks for cellular functions. This kit includes components that regulate key metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. The Metabolism Kit provides researchers with the tools necessary to study how signal transduction pathways control metabolic processes in cells. By manipulating the activity of various enzymes and signaling molecules, researchers can elucidate the intricate network of interactions that govern metabolic activities. This information can lead to a better understanding of metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and obesity, and potentially identify novel therapeutic targets. The Metabolism Kit is essential for studying the complex interplay between signaling pathways and metabolic regulation, providing valuable insights into how cells maintain energy balance and adapt to changing environmental conditions. With this kit, researchers can delve deeper into the molecular mechanisms underlying metabolism and uncover new avenues for drug development and personalized medicine.
- [Microbiology](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/microbiology-url/) - Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and their interactions with their environment. Within this field, there is a subcategory known as signaling pathways, which focuses on the communication and coordination of various processes within microbial cells. Signaling pathways in microbiology are essential for the survival and adaptation of microorganisms to changing environments. These pathways involve a complex network of molecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, that allow microorganisms to sense and respond to external signals such as nutrients, toxins, and other environmental cues. Microorganisms use signaling pathways to regulate processes such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, and defense mechanisms. By understanding these pathways, researchers can develop new strategies to control and manipulate microbial behavior, such as developing new antibiotics or biocontrol agents. Overall, signaling pathways in microbiology play a crucial role in the interactions between microorganisms and their environment, and studying these pathways can provide valuable insights into the biology and ecology of microbial communities.
- [Microbiology & Virology](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/microbiology-virology/) - Microbiology and virology focus on the study of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, as well as the diseases they cause in humans, animals, and plants. Signaling pathways in these fields refer to the complex network of molecular signals that regulate various cellular processes, including growth, proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. Understanding signaling pathways is crucial in microbiology and virology as they play a critical role in the interactions between pathogens and host cells. Pathogens often exploit host cell signaling pathways to facilitate their own survival, replication, and spread within the host organism. By studying these pathways, researchers can gain insights into how pathogens manipulate host cells and develop new strategies to target and disrupt these interactions. Overall, signaling pathways in microbiology and virology provide a valuable framework for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying infectious diseases and identifying potential targets for therapeutic interventions. This subcategory of signaling pathways is essential for advancing our knowledge of microbial pathogenesis and developing effective treatments to combat infectious diseases.
- [Microbiology & Virology Kit](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/microbiology-virology-kit/) - Microbiology and virology kits are specialized tools used in research laboratories to study microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. These kits are designed to investigate the signaling pathways that regulate the interaction between pathogens and host cells. The kits typically include reagents, assay protocols, and controls to study specific signaling pathways involved in microbial infections. Researchers can use these kits to explore how pathogens manipulate host cell signaling to establish infections, evade immune responses, and promote disease progression. By studying signaling pathways in microbiology and virology, researchers can uncover new targets for therapeutic intervention and develop strategies to combat infectious diseases. These kits are essential for advancing our understanding of host-pathogen interactions and developing effective treatments to control microbial infections. Overall, microbiology and virology kits provide valuable tools for researchers to investigate the complexities of signaling pathways in infectious diseases and contribute to the development of novel therapeutics for combating microbial infections.
- [Modified Nucleotides](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/modified-nucleotides/) - Modified nucleotides are a subcategory of signaling pathways that play crucial roles in various cellular processes. These nucleotides are altered by enzymes to create modified versions that have different functions than their regular counterparts. They serve as important signaling molecules that can convey information within the cell or between cells. One example of modified nucleotides is cyclic AMP (cAMP), which is produced from ATP by the enzyme adenylate cyclase. cAMP is involved in many signaling pathways, including those that control gene expression, metabolism, and cell proliferation. Another important modified nucleotide is GTP, which is essential for regulating cell growth, differentiation, and protein synthesis. Other modified nucleotides include cGMP, which is commonly involved in signaling pathways related to vision and muscle relaxation, and dAMP, which has been shown to regulate cell growth and DNA replication. Overall, modified nucleotides play diverse and critical roles in cellular signaling and are key components of various signaling pathways.
- [Molecular Biology](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/molecular-biology/) - Signaling pathways in molecular biology are a crucial aspect of cell communication and coordination within living organisms. These pathways consist of a series of molecules that transmit signals from the cell surface to the nucleus, resulting in various cellular responses such as growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. One subcategory of signaling pathways focuses on the specific molecular interactions and events that regulate these processes. This subcategory encompasses various signaling molecules, receptors, and enzymes that are involved in transmitting and processing signals within cells. It also includes the study of how these molecules interact and modulate each other to regulate cellular functions. Understanding these interactions is essential for unraveling the complexity of cellular responses to different stimuli and for developing targeted therapies for diseases caused by dysregulation of signaling pathways. Researchers in this field often utilize a combination of experimental and computational approaches to study signaling pathways at the molecular level. By elucidating the intricate mechanisms underlying these pathways, scientists can gain insights into the fundamental processes that govern cell behavior and contribute to the advancement of molecular biology and medicine.
- [Natural Products](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/natural-products/) - Natural products are compounds derived from plants, fungi, or other organisms that have been found to possess various biological activities. In the context of signaling pathways, natural products are often studied for their ability to modulate cellular processes by targeting specific signaling molecules or pathways. These compounds can act as agonists or antagonists of receptors, enzymes, or other components of signaling pathways, ultimately influencing cellular responses such as growth, differentiation, or apoptosis. Some natural products have been shown to have therapeutic potential for various diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and neurodegenerative disorders. Researchers are actively investigating the mechanisms by which natural products exert their effects on signaling pathways, with the goal of identifying new drug targets and developing novel therapeutics. The study of natural products in signaling pathways is an exciting and rapidly evolving field that holds promise for the development of new drugs and treatments for a wide range of diseases.
- [Neurodegenerative disease Kit](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/neurodegenerative-disease-kit-url-informof/) - Neurodegenerative disease kit is a specialized subgroup within the broader category of signaling pathways. This kit is specifically designed to study the molecular mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These diseases are characterized by the progressive degeneration of neurons in the brain and spinal cord, leading to impairments in movement, cognition, and coordination. The neurodegenerative disease kit typically includes a variety of tools and resources for researchers to investigate signaling pathways involved in disease progression. This may include antibodies, proteins, inhibitors, and other reagents that target key molecules and pathways implicated in neurodegeneration. By studying these signaling pathways, researchers can gain valuable insights into the underlying causes of neurodegenerative diseases and potentially identify new therapeutic targets for treatment. Overall, the neurodegenerative disease kit provides a valuable resource for scientists working in the field of neuroscience and neurology, helping to advance our understanding of these devastating disorders and ultimately leading to the development of more effective treatments.
- [Neuronal Signaling](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/neuronal-signaling-url/) - Neuronal signaling is a subset of signaling pathways that involves the communication between neurons in the brain and nervous system. This intricate process allows for the transmission of information throughout the body, enabling various functions such as movement, sensation, cognition, and emotion. Neuronal signaling begins with the release of neurotransmitters from one neuron, which then bind to specific receptors on another neuron, triggering a cascade of events that ultimately result in either the excitation or inhibition of the receiving neuron. This intricate process is crucial for proper brain function and allows for the coordination of complex activities such as learning and memory. Numerous signaling molecules and pathways are involved in neuronal signaling, including the well-known neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and acetylcholine. Dysregulation of these pathways can lead to a variety of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and epilepsy. Understanding the mechanisms of neuronal signaling is crucial for developing treatments for these disorders and improving overall brain health. Researchers continue to study this complex system in order to unlock its full potential and better understand the functioning of the brain.
- [Neuroscience](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/neuroscience-url/) - Neuroscience signaling pathways focus on the communication between neurons in the brain and nervous system. This subcategory within the broader field of signaling pathways examines the intricate mechanisms by which neurons transmit information through electrical and chemical signals. Researchers in this field investigate the complex network of signaling molecules, receptors, and intracellular pathways that regulate various physiological processes in the brain, such as neuronal differentiation, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmitter release. Studies in neuroscience signaling pathways have significant implications for understanding the underlying mechanisms of brain function and dysfunction. Dysregulation in these pathways can lead to neurological disorders and conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and depression. By unraveling the intricacies of these signaling pathways, researchers aim to identify potential targets for therapeutic interventions to treat and manage these disorders. Overall, neuroscience signaling pathways play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of brain function and in developing new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological conditions. This subfield provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern brain physiology and pathology.
- [Neurotrophins](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/neurotrophins-url/) - Neurotrophins are a subcategory of signaling pathways that play a crucial role in the development and function of the nervous system. These growth factors are essential for the survival, differentiation, and maintenance of nerve cells. Neurotrophins stimulate the growth and development of neurons by binding to specific receptors on the surface of the cell, activating various signaling cascades that influence gene expression, cell survival, and synaptic plasticity. There are several types of neurotrophins, including nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), each with unique roles in neuronal growth and function. Dysregulation of neurotrophin signaling pathways has been linked to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and mood disorders. Research into neurotrophins and their signaling pathways is ongoing, with the hope of identifying new therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurological diseases. Overall, neurotrophins are essential signaling molecules that play a vital role in the development, maintenance, and function of the nervous system.
- [Nucleotides](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/additional-reagents/nucleotides/) - Nucleotides (dNTPs) are the building blocks of DNA synthesis, essential for PCR, qPCR, and other molecular biology techniques. Solis Biodyne’s nucleotides ensure high purity and performance, distributed by Biolinkk for optimal amplification efficiency.
- [Oligonucleotides](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/oligonucleotides-informaion/) - Oligonucleotides are short sequences of nucleotides that play a crucial role in signaling pathways within cells. These molecules are involved in regulating gene expression, protein production, and various cellular activities. Oligonucleotides can act as signaling molecules themselves, triggering responses from other molecules within the cell. They can also serve as messengers in communication between cells, allowing for coordination of processes such as growth, development, and immune response. Oligonucleotides are versatile molecules that can be designed to target specific genes or pathways, making them valuable tools for studying signaling pathways and developing therapeutics. They can be used to manipulate gene expression, inhibit protein production, or interfere with specific signaling cascades to treat various diseases such as cancer, genetic disorders, and viral infections. Overall, oligonucleotides are a critical subcategory of signaling pathways, with applications in both research and medicine. Their ability to modulate cellular processes and target specific molecules makes them powerful tools for understanding and manipulating biological systems.
- [One-step RT-qPCR Kits](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/qpcr-and-rt-qpcr/one-step-rt-qpcr-kits/) - One-step RT-qPCR Kits streamline reverse transcription and qPCR into a single step, offering convenience and speed for RNA detection and quantification. These kits are optimized for rapid and sensitive RNA analysis. Biolinkk is the authorized distributor of Solis Biodyne’s one-step RT-qPCR solutions.
- [Other Reagents](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/additional-reagents/other-reagents/) - Other Reagents include a variety of specialized chemicals and tools necessary for molecular biology and diagnostic workflows. Solis Biodyne’s comprehensive reagent portfolio, available through Biolinkk, supports a wide range of applications in research and diagnostics.
- [Others](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/other-signaling-pathways/) - Other signaling pathways refer to the intricate network of cellular communication pathways that do not fall within the traditional categories of signaling pathways. These pathways play a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, including growth, survival, differentiation, and metabolism. Examples of other signaling pathways include Hippo signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, and Hedgehog signaling pathway. The Hippo pathway regulates organ size and tissue homeostasis, while the Wnt pathway is essential for embryonic development and tissue regeneration. The Hedgehog pathway is involved in embryonic patterning, cell proliferation, and differentiation. These pathways often intersect with other well-known signaling pathways, such as the MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and JAK/STAT pathways, to coordinate cellular responses to various stimuli. Dysregulation of these pathways can lead to the development of various diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurological disorders. Overall, the study of other signaling pathways has provided valuable insights into the complex nature of cellular communication and has led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for treating a wide range of diseases.
- [Peptides](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/peptides-url-inform-what-are-peptides/) - Peptides are short chains of amino acids that play a crucial role in cell signaling pathways. These signaling molecules are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including growth, development, and metabolism. Peptides can act as hormones, neurotransmitters, or growth factors, helping to regulate various cellular functions. In the context of signaling pathways, peptides are often produced and released by one cell to communicate with another cell. They bind to specific receptors on the cell surface, triggering a cascade of signals that ultimately lead to a cellular response. This response can include changes in gene expression, cell growth, or metabolism. Peptides are versatile signaling molecules that can have both short- and long-term effects on cells. They can also interact with other signaling molecules, such as proteins and lipids, to fine-tune cellular responses. Overall, peptides are essential components of signaling pathways that help to coordinate and regulate cellular activities. Their diverse functions and abilities to interact with multiple receptors make them important targets for therapeutic interventions in various diseases.
- [Peptides & Proteins](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/peptides-proteins/) - Peptides and proteins are an important subcategory of signaling pathways in living organisms. These signaling molecules play a crucial role in transmitting messages within cells and between cells, coordinating various physiological processes and responses. Peptides are short chains of amino acids, while proteins are larger molecules made up of one or more polypeptide chains. Peptides and proteins act as signaling molecules by binding to specific receptors on the cell surface or inside the cell. This binding triggers a series of intracellular events that ultimately lead to a cellular response. These molecules are involved in a wide range of signaling pathways, including those regulating cell growth, differentiation, metabolism, and immune responses. Some well-known examples of peptide and protein signaling molecules include growth factors, cytokines, hormones, and neurotransmitters. Dysregulation of these signaling pathways can lead to various diseases and disorders, making peptides and proteins attractive targets for therapeutic interventions. Researchers continue to study and explore the diverse roles of peptides and proteins in signaling pathways to gain a better understanding of their mechanisms and potential clinical applications.
- [PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/pi3k-akt-mtor-signaling/) - The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is a crucial intracellular signaling pathway that regulates essential cellular processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and survival. This pathway is activated in response to various extracellular signals, including growth factors, hormones, and nutrients. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is a key enzyme in this pathway that phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol lipids to generate second messenger molecules that activate downstream signaling molecules. Akt, also known as protein kinase B, is a serine/threonine kinase that is activated by PI3K and plays a central role in regulating cell growth and survival. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a protein kinase that integrates signals from PI3K/Akt to regulate various cellular processes, including protein synthesis, metabolism, and autophagy. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway has been associated with numerous diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding the mechanisms governing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is crucial for the development of targeted therapies for diseases characterized by aberrant signaling in this pathway. Research in this field continues to uncover new insights into the role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in health and disease.
- [PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Kit](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/pi3k-akt-mtor-signaling-kit/) - The PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Kit is a subcategory of signaling pathways that plays a crucial role in regulating cell growth, survival, and metabolism. It involves a series of interconnected proteins and enzymes that control various cellular processes, including protein synthesis, cell proliferation, and cell survival. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is a key enzyme in this pathway that activates Akt, also known as protein kinase B (PKB), which then activates the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). mTOR is a critical regulator of cell growth and metabolism, controlling processes such as protein synthesis and autophagy. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders. As such, this pathway has become a target for therapeutic interventions in these conditions. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Kit provides researchers with the tools to study and analyze the components of this pathway, allowing for a better understanding of its role in normal cellular function and disease pathology. This kit is essential for studying the mechanisms underlying various diseases and developing targeted treatments to modulate this pathway for therapeutic benefits.
- [Probe-based qPCR Master Mixes](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/qpcr-and-rt-qpcr/probe-based-qpcr-master-mixes/) - Probe-based qPCR Master Mixes are engineered for enhanced specificity using fluorescent probes like TaqMan®, providing accurate quantification in multiplex qPCR assays. These mixes ensure precise and sensitive detection of target sequences, distributed by Biolinkk from Solis Biodyne.
- [Probes & Dyes](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/probes-and-dyes/) - Probes and dyes are critical tools used in signaling pathway research to visualize and track specific molecules and their interactions within cells. These molecules are designed to selectively bind to certain targets, such as proteins, ions, nucleic acids, or other cellular components, allowing researchers to study the dynamics of signaling pathways and cellular processes in real-time. Probes and dyes can be fluorescent, bioluminescent, or chemiluminescent, providing a range of options for visualizing different signaling molecules and events. They can be used in live-cell imaging, flow cytometry, microscopy, and other techniques to monitor changes in signaling activity, protein localization, and molecular interactions. Additionally, probes and dyes can be used to study the effects of drugs, genetic modifications, or environmental factors on signaling pathways, providing valuable insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Overall, probes and dyes play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of signaling pathways and their role in cellular function, development, and disease. Their versatility and specificity make them indispensable tools for researchers studying complex signaling networks and the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying cellular communication.
- [Probes for Lipoprotein Detection](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/probes-for-lipoprotein-detection/) - Probes for lipoprotein detection are specialized tools used to study signaling pathways that are involved in the metabolism and transportation of lipoproteins in the body. Lipoproteins are complex molecular assemblies that transport fats and cholesterol in the bloodstream and play a crucial role in maintaining lipid homeostasis. Dysregulation of lipoprotein metabolism is associated with various cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, making the study of lipoprotein detection pathways crucial in understanding and treating these diseases. Probes for lipoprotein detection are designed to specifically target and bind to lipoproteins, allowing researchers to visualize and track their movement within cells and tissues. These probes can be used to study the dynamics of lipoprotein uptake, processing, and secretion, as well as the interactions between lipoproteins and other biomolecules. By elucidating the signaling pathways involved in lipoprotein detection, researchers can gain valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health. Overall, probes for lipoprotein detection offer a powerful tool for investigating the complex processes involved in lipoprotein metabolism and signaling pathways, with potential applications in both basic research and clinical diagnostics.
- [Proteases](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/proteases-url/) - Proteases are enzymes that play a crucial role in various signaling pathways within the body. These enzymes are responsible for breaking down proteins by cleaving specific peptide bonds, which is essential for regulating cellular processes. Proteases are involved in multiple physiological processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune response. They are also key players in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and inflammatory conditions. In signal transduction pathways, proteases function as critical components by activating or deactivating signaling molecules, receptors, or transcription factors. They can cleave proteins to modulate their activity, stability, or localization within the cell. Furthermore, proteases can also regulate the activation of other proteases in a cascade, amplifying or terminating signal transduction pathways. This tight control over protease activity is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and proper functioning of the organism. Overall, proteases are a vital subcategory of signaling pathways that finely tune the cellular response to various external stimuli and internal signals. Their dysregulation can lead to pathophysiological conditions and diseases, highlighting their importance in maintaining health and homeostasis.
- [Proteases/Proteasome Kit](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/proteases-proteasome-kit-url/) - Proteases/Proteasome Kit is a subset of signaling pathways that involves the regulation of protein degradation through the action of proteases and the proteasome complex. Proteases are enzymes responsible for cleaving proteins into smaller fragments, while the proteasome is a multi-protein complex that degrades unwanted or damaged proteins. This kit provides researchers with the tools to study the role of proteases and the proteasome in various cellular processes, such as protein turnover, signal transduction, and cell cycle regulation. It includes inhibitors, substrates, and assays to facilitate the study of protease activity and proteasome function. Understanding the signaling pathways involving proteases and the proteasome is crucial for advancing our knowledge of cellular regulation and disease pathogenesis. Dysregulation of proteases and the proteasome has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and inflammatory conditions. Overall, the Proteases/Proteasome Kit is a valuable resource for researchers investigating the role of protein degradation in cellular signaling pathways and disease processes.
- [Protein & Immunology](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/protein-immunology/) - Protein and immunology signaling pathways refer to the communication processes within cells that involve proteins and the immune system. These pathways play a crucial role in coordinating various cellular functions, such as growth, division, differentiation, and response to external signals. Proteins are essential molecules that regulate signaling pathways by transmitting signals from the cell surface to the nucleus. They can act as enzymes, receptors, or transcription factors, and their interactions with other proteins and molecules determine the outcome of the signaling pathway. The immune system also plays a significant role in signaling pathways, as it is responsible for detecting and responding to foreign invaders such as pathogens. Immune cells communicate with each other through protein signaling pathways to coordinate an immune response and eliminate threats to the body. Understanding protein and immunology signaling pathways is essential for developing treatments for various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. By targeting specific proteins and immune responses, researchers can manipulate signaling pathways to modulate cellular functions and improve health outcomes.
- [Protein Labeling](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/protein-labeling/) - Protein labeling is a technique used in biochemical research to attach a fluorescent or radioactive label to a protein of interest. This labeling allows researchers to track the movement and interactions of specific proteins within cells or in biological systems. By visualizing the labeled proteins, researchers can gain insights into their roles in various signaling pathways and cellular processes. One common application of protein labeling is in studying signaling pathways, which are complex networks of proteins that regulate cellular responses to external stimuli. By labeling key proteins involved in these pathways, researchers can observe how signals are transmitted from the cell surface to the nucleus, ultimately influencing gene expression and cellular behavior. Protein labeling can also be used to study protein-protein interactions, protein degradation pathways, and protein localization within cells. It is a versatile technique that can be adapted to various experimental designs and can provide valuable information about the dynamic behavior of proteins in living systems. Overall, protein labeling is a powerful tool that enables researchers to better understand the intricate mechanisms of signaling pathways and how they contribute to cellular function and disease processes.
- [Protein Phosphorylation Research](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/protein-phosphorylation-research/) - Protein phosphorylation research is a subcategory of signaling pathways that focuses on the process of adding phosphate groups to proteins. This modification plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. By studying protein phosphorylation, researchers aim to understand how these modifications alter protein function and influence signaling cascades within cells. One of the key areas of interest in protein phosphorylation research is the role of protein kinases, enzymes responsible for adding phosphate groups to proteins. Dysregulation of protein kinases has been linked to numerous diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, uncovering the mechanisms behind protein phosphorylation could lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for these conditions. Researchers in this field utilize a variety of techniques, including mass spectrometry, western blotting, and kinase assays, to elucidate the intricate signaling networks governed by protein phosphorylation. By furthering our understanding of this fundamental process, protein phosphorylation research holds promise for advancing our knowledge of cell biology and potentially discovering new drug targets for various diseases.
- [Protein Sample Preparation](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/protein-sample-preparation-url/) - Protein sample preparation is a critical step in signaling pathways research, as it involves the extraction, purification, and quantification of proteins from a biological sample. This subcategory focuses specifically on the techniques and methods used to prepare protein samples for analysis in signaling pathway studies. Protein sample preparation in signaling pathways research typically involves lysing cells or tissues to release the proteins, followed by purification to remove contaminants and concentrate the proteins of interest. Various methods such as centrifugation, chromatography, and immunoprecipitation are commonly employed to isolate and purify proteins from complex biological mixtures. Once the proteins have been extracted and purified, they are quantified using methods such as Bradford assay or bicinchoninic acid assay to determine their concentration and ensure accurate downstream analysis. Proper protein sample preparation is essential for obtaining reliable and reproducible results in signaling pathway studies. Overall, protein sample preparation is a fundamental aspect of signaling pathways research that requires careful planning and execution to ensure the integrity of the data obtained. By following established protocols and best practices, researchers can confidently analyze protein samples and gain valuable insights into the complex signaling networks that regulate cellular processes.
- [Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/protein-tyrosine-kinase-rtk/) - Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK (Receptor Tyrosine Kinase) signaling pathways are a subset of cellular communication mechanisms that play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and survival. These pathways are activated by ligand binding to cell surface receptors known as receptor tyrosine kinases. Upon ligand binding, the receptors undergo dimerization and autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues, leading to the recruitment and activation of downstream signaling molecules. Protein tyrosine kinases play a central role in this process by phosphorylating various protein substrates, which in turn regulate cell signaling cascades. Aberrant activation of protein tyrosine kinase/RTK signaling pathways has been implicated in the development and progression of various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders. Therefore, targeting these pathways has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of these conditions. Overall, understanding the intricacies of protein tyrosine kinase/RTK signaling pathways is essential for elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease and developing targeted therapies to modulate them.
- [Reactive dyes](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/reactive-dyes/) - Reactive dyes are a subcategory of signaling pathways that are often used in various biochemical and biotechnological applications. These dyes work by forming covalent bonds with specific biological molecules, allowing researchers to track and visualize their interactions within a cell or tissue sample. Reactive dyes are commonly used in techniques such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and protein labeling. They offer advantages over traditional stains and labels as they are highly specific and can provide real-time information on cellular processes. Recombinant signaling pathways involve the manipulation of genetic material to create novel signaling proteins or pathways. By introducing specific genes into cells or organisms, researchers can study the effects of altered signaling pathways on cellular behavior and function. Recombinant signaling pathways have wide-ranging applications in biotechnology, medicine, and basic research. Overall, both reactive dyes and recombinant signaling pathways are powerful tools that help researchers better understand the complex networks of signaling pathways within cells. They are essential for unraveling the intricacies of cellular communication and contribute significantly to the advancement of various fields of science.
- [Recombinant Proteins](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/recombinant-proteins/) - Access a diverse collection of recombinant proteins meticulously engineered to study signaling pathways. From kinases and phosphatases to receptors and ligands, our proteins offer exceptional purity and activity. Utilize these essential tools to investigate protein-protein interactions, enzyme kinetics, and signaling cascades. Advance your research with high-quality recombinant proteins that provide reliable and reproducible results. Unleash the potential of recombinant proteins to drive your discoveries.
- [Reverse Transcriptases](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/cdna-synthesis/reverse-transcriptases/) - Reverse Transcriptases catalyze the synthesis of complementary DNA (cDNA) from RNA templates, a crucial step in gene expression analysis. Solis Biodyne offers high-performance reverse transcriptases, and Biolinkk is the authorized distributor, ensuring reliable results in cDNA synthesis workflows.
- [Reverse Transcription & PCR](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/reverse-transcription-pcr/) - Reverse transcription is the process by which RNA is converted into complementary DNA (cDNA) using the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This allows for the study of RNA molecules in a more stable and easily amplifiable form. Reverse transcription is commonly used in molecular biology research, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used to amplify a specific DNA sequence or gene of interest. It involves a series of temperature cycles that denature, anneal, and extend DNA strands, resulting in exponential amplification of the target sequence. PCR is widely used in various fields such as genetics, forensics, and medical diagnostics. Proteins in the signaling pathways category play a crucial role in mediating cellular communication and responses to external stimuli. They transmit signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus, regulating gene expression and cellular functions. Dysregulation of signaling pathways can lead to various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and immune disorders. Overall, the subcategory of proteins involved in reverse transcription and PCR RNA pathways are essential for studying RNA molecules, amplifying DNA sequences, and understanding cellular signaling mechanisms. These proteins have significant implications in research, diagnostics, and therapeutic development.
- [RNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/rna-signaling-pathways/) - RNA plays a pivotal role in translating genetic information into functional proteins, and it is a key player in many signaling pathways. Explore the world of RNA, from its structure and function to its involvement in gene expression and regulation. Discover different types of RNA, including mRNA, tRNA, and miRNA, and their impact on cellular processes. Learn about the latest advancements in RNA research, including RNA interference and RNA-based therapeutics. Unravel the mysteries of RNA and its significance in signaling pathways.
- [Screening Library](https://biolinkk.com/category/signaling-pathways/screening-library/) - A screening library is a subset of molecules specifically designed for high-throughput screening experiments to identify potential drug candidates or study specific signaling pathways. These libraries typically consist of small molecules, peptides, or natural compounds that have been carefully selected based on their diversity, chemical properties, and bioactivity. Screening libraries play a crucial role in drug discovery and development by providing researchers with a focused set of compounds to test for their ability to modulate specific signaling pathways or biological processes. By screening these libraries against a target of interest, researchers can quickly identify compounds that show promising activity, thereby accelerating the drug discovery process. Screening libraries can be custom-designed to target specific signaling pathways or biological processes, making them valuable tools for studying complex disease mechanisms and identifying novel therapeutic targets. These libraries are commonly used in academic research, pharmaceutical companies, and biotechnology firms to identify lead compounds for further optimization and preclinical development. Overall, screening libraries are a valuable resource for researchers looking to identify new drug candidates and gain insights into key signaling pathways involved in health and disease.
- [Standard PCR Enzymes and Master Mixes](https://biolinkk.com/category/pcr-qpcr-and-rt-qpcr-reagents/endpoint-pcr/standard-pcr-enzymes-and-master-mixes/) - Standard PCR Enzymes and Master Mixes are essential for routine PCR applications, providing high efficiency and reliability in amplifying DNA. These products are optimized for robust performance in a variety of experimental conditions, ensuring precise and reproducible results. Biolinkk is the authorized distributor for Solis Biodyne’s range of high-quality PCR reagents.
- [NF-κB](https://biolinkk.com/category/nf-κb/)
- [RNA: Clean-up](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-clean-up/)
- [RNA: Purification](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-purification/)
- [RNA: Quantification](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-quantification/)
- [RNA: RNA Analysis](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-rna-analysis/)
- [RNA Analysis: Library Prep](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-analysis-library-prep/)
- [RNA Analysis: cDNA synthesis](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-analysis-cdna-synthesis/)
- [cDNA synthesis: RiboFree](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-analysis-cdna-synthesis/cdna-synthesis-ribofree/)
- [RNA Analysis: ZymoScript](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-analysis-zymoscript/)
- [Nucleic Acid Purification](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/) - Biolinkk is an authorized distributor of Zymo Research. “Discover a range of cutting-edge products in the industry. Zymo Research is dedicated to providing the most reliable, innovative, and valuable biomedical tools and services through rigorous research and strategic development.
- [Zymo Research: Assays](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-assays/)
- [Assays: SARS-CoV-2](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-assays/assays-sars-cov-2/)
- [Zymo Research: Chemicals](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-chemicals/) - Explore Zymo’s wide selection of buffers designed to meet your research needs. Buffers are solutions that can resist pH changes upon the addition of acidic or basic components. They neutralize small amounts of added acid or base, maintaining the solution’s pH at a relatively stable level.
- [Chemicals: Antibiotics](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-chemicals/chemicals-antibiotics/)
- [Chemicals: Competent Cells](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-chemicals/chemicals-competent-cells/)
- [Chemicals: Oligos](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-chemicals/chemicals-oligos/)
- [Chemicals: Magbeads](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-chemicals/chemicals-magbeads/)
- [Chemicals: Buffer](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-chemicals/chemicals-buffer/)
- [Chemicals: Yeast](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-chemicals/chemicals-yeast/)
- [Zymo Research: Device & Instruments](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-device-instruments/) - Find all the devices you need for your biological research in the Zymo Instrument Product Line. Explore our range of instruments today.
- [Device & Instruments: Magnets](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-device-instruments/device-instruments-magnets/)
- [Device & Instruments: Vortexers](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-device-instruments/device-instruments-vortexers/)
- [Device & Instruments: Shaker](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-device-instruments/device-instruments-shaker/)
- [Device & Instruments: Homogenizers](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-device-instruments/device-instruments-homogenizers/)
- [Device & Instruments: Accessories](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-device-instruments/device-instruments-accessories/)
- [Zymo Research: DNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/) - A comprehensive range of DNA stabilization, purification, and clean-up products designed for the quick and efficient recovery of high-yield, inhibitor-free DNA from any sample.
- [DNA: Genomic](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-genomic/)
- [Genomic: PinPoint](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-genomic/genomic-pinpoint/)
- [Genomic: Quick-DNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-genomic/genomic-quick-dna/)
- [DNA: Clean-Up](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-clean-up/) - Zymo Research’s DNA clean-up and concentration technologies ensure the purification of high-quality DNA, completely removing enzymatic inhibitors.
- [Clean-Up: ZymoClean](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-clean-up/clean-up-zymoclean/)
- [Clean-Up: Clean & Concentrator](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-clean-up/clean-up-clean-concentrator/)
- [Clean & Concentrator: DCC](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-clean-up/clean-up-clean-concentrator/clean-concentrator-dcc/)
- [Clean & Concentrator: Genomic](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-clean-up/clean-up-clean-concentrator/clean-concentrator-genomic/)
- [Clean & Concentrator: Oligo](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-clean-up/clean-up-clean-concentrator/clean-concentrator-oligo/)
- [Clean & Concentrator: Select-a-Size](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-clean-up/clean-up-clean-concentrator/clean-concentrator-select-a-size/)
- [Clean-Up: OneStep](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-clean-up/clean-up-onestep/)
- [Clean-Up: Sequencing](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-clean-up/clean-up-sequencing/)
- [DNA: Environmental](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-environmental/)
- [Environmental: Fungal/Bacterial](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-environmental/environmental-fungal-bacterial/)
- [Environmental: Fecal/Soil](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-environmental/environmental-fecal-soil/)
- [Environmental: Tissue/Insect](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-environmental/environmental-tissue-insect/)
- [Environmental: Plant/Seed](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-environmental/environmental-plant-seed/)
- [Genomic: Quick-DNA Plus](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-genomic/genomic-quick-dna-plus/)
- [Genomic: Quick-cfDNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-genomic/genomic-quick-cfdna/)
- [DNA: Plasmid](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-plasmid/)
- [Plasmid: Classic](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-plasmid/plasmid-classic/)
- [Plasmid: Zyppy](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-plasmid/plasmid-zyppy/)
- [Plasmid: ZymoPURE](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-plasmid/plasmid-zymopure/)
- [DNA: Quantification](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-quantification/)
- [Quantification: Femto](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-quantification/quantification-femto/)
- [Quantification: Marker](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna/dna-quantification/quantification-marker/)
- [Zymo Research: DNA/RNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna-rna/)
- [DNA/RNA: Clean-up](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna-rna/dna-rna-clean-up/)
- [DNA/RNA: Purification](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna-rna/dna-rna-purification/) - Simplified DNA purification kits. Explore industry-leading DNA purification technology at a fraction of the cost.
- [Purification: Quick-DNA/RNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna-rna/dna-rna-purification/purification-quick-dna-rna/)
- [Purification: Direct-zol DNA/RNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna-rna/dna-rna-purification/purification-direct-zol-dna-rna/)
- [Zymo Research: E. coli](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-e-coli/) - Zymo Research offers a comprehensive selection of top E. coli products, ranging from competent cells to transformation reagents.
- [E. coli: Competent Cells](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-e-coli/e-coli-competent-cells/)
- [Competent Cells: Mix & Go](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-e-coli/e-coli-competent-cells/competent-cells-mix-go/)
- [Competent Cells: XJ Autolysis](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-e-coli/e-coli-competent-cells/competent-cells-xj-autolysis/)
- [E. coli: Transformation](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-e-coli/e-coli-transformation/)
- [Zymo Research: Enzymes](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-enzymes/)
- [Enzymes: Yeast](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-enzymes/enzymes-yeast/)
- [Enzymes: DNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-enzymes/enzymes-dna/)
- [Enzymes: RNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-enzymes/enzymes-rna/)
- [Enzymes: Epigenetics](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-enzymes/enzymes-epigenetics/) - A wide variety of popular epigenetic enzymes and reagents for DNA methylation research.
- [Zymo Research: Epigenetics](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/) - Epigenetics explores heritable traits or stable changes in cell function without altering the DNA sequence. Explore Zymo Research’s Epigenetics Products.
- [Epigenetics: Chromatin Analysis](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-chromatin-analysis/) - ChIP kits and ChIP clean up kits with easy, streamlined procedures for chromatin analysis. Try a ChIP kit from Zymo Research today.
- [Chromatin Analysis: ChIP DCC](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-chromatin-analysis/chromatin-analysis-chip-dcc/)
- [Chromatin Analysis: ChIP Kit](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-chromatin-analysis/chromatin-analysis-chip-kit/)
- [Chromatin Analysis: Library Prep](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-chromatin-analysis/chromatin-analysis-library-prep/)
- [Library Prep: ATAC](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-chromatin-analysis/chromatin-analysis-library-prep/library-prep-atac/)
- [Epigenetics: DNA Hydroxymethylation](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-hydroxymethylation/)
- [DNA Hydroxymethylation: Antibody Methods](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-hydroxymethylation/dna-hydroxymethylation-antibody-methods/)
- [Antibody Methods: 5-hmC ELISA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-hydroxymethylation/dna-hydroxymethylation-antibody-methods/antibody-methods-5-hmc-elisa/)
- [DNA Hydroxymethylation: Library Prep](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-hydroxymethylation/dna-hydroxymethylation-library-prep/)
- [Library Prep: RRHP](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-hydroxymethylation/dna-hydroxymethylation-library-prep/library-prep-rrhp/)
- [Epigenetics: DNA Methylation](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/) - Achieve superior results with our high-quality, affordable DNA analysis products. Quantify your samples and confidently detect size differences.
- [DNA Methylation: Antibody Methods](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-antibody-methods/)
- [Antibody Methods: Methylated DNA IP](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-antibody-methods/antibody-methods-methylated-dna-ip/)
- [Antibody Methods: 5-mC ELISA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-antibody-methods/antibody-methods-5-mc-elisa/)
- [DNA Methylation: Bisulfite](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-bisulfite/) - Zymo’s bisulfite conversion kits are offered in spin-column, 96-well, and MagBead formats. These advanced kits feature streamlined workflows, ≥99% conversion rates, options optimized for automation, and low elution volumes to concentrate bisulfite-converted DNA
- [Bisulfite: EZM](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-bisulfite/bisulfite-ezm/)
- [Bisulfite: Gold](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-bisulfite/bisulfite-gold/)
- [Bisulfite: Direct](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-bisulfite/bisulfite-direct/)
- [Bisulfite: Lightning](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-bisulfite/bisulfite-lightning/)
- [DNA Methylation: Library Prep](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-library-prep/) - DNA methylation library preparation is crucial for bisulfite sequencing, enabling the profiling of DNA methylation across various samples. Zymo Research offers a range of DNA methylation library prep kits to streamline your research and achieve diverse goals in DNA methylation analysis.
- [Library Prep: Pico](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-library-prep/library-prep-pico/)
- [Library Prep: RRBS](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-library-prep/library-prep-rrbs/)
- [Library Prep: Cell Free WGBS](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-library-prep/library-prep-cell-free-wgbs/)
- [Library Prep: WGBS](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-library-prep/library-prep-wgbs/)
- [DNA Methylation: Methylated DNA IP](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-methylated-dna-ip/)
- [DNA Methylation: Non-Bisulfite](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-non-bisulfite/)
- [Non-Bisulfite: OneStep qMethyl](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-dna-methylation/dna-methylation-non-bisulfite/non-bisulfite-onestep-qmethyl/)
- [Epigenetics: RNA Methylation](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-rna-methylation/)
- [Epigenetics: Standards](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-epigenetics/epigenetics-standards/) - DNA methylation standards are essential for optimizing methylation assays and validating established workflows with positive and negative controls. They serve as ideal substitutes for precious DNA or challenging sample types during troubleshooting or experimental testing. DNA methylation standards find utility across applications such as bisulfite sequencing using NGS technologies, methylation-specific PCR (MSP), and methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme (MSRE) assays. Integrating these established controls is crucial for clinical workflows and assay calibrations.
- [Zymo Research: Microbiome](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-microbiome/)
- [Microbiome: Library Prep](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-microbiome/microbiome-library-prep/)
- [Microbiome: Purification](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-microbiome/microbiome-purification/)
- [Purification: DNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-microbiome/microbiome-purification/purification-dna/)
- [DNA: ZymoBIOMICS](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-microbiome/microbiome-purification/purification-dna/dna-zymobiomics/)
- [DNA: HostZERO](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-microbiome/microbiome-purification/purification-dna/dna-hostzero/)
- [Purification: DNA/RNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-microbiome/microbiome-purification/purification-dna-rna/)
- [Purification: RNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-microbiome/microbiome-purification/purification-rna/)
- [Microbiome: Standards](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-microbiome/microbiome-standards/)
- [Zymo Research: Packaging](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-packaging/)
- [Packaging: Bags](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-packaging/packaging-bags/)
- [Zymo Research: Plastics](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/) - Discover the exact components you need for your research, including individual spin columns, 96-well plates, plastics, and more
- [Plastics: Tubes](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-tubes/)
- [Plastics: Zymo-Spin Columns](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-zymo-spin-columns/)
- [Zymo-Spin Columns: Individual Columns](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-zymo-spin-columns/zymo-spin-columns-individual-columns/)
- [Zymo-Spin Columns: Assemblies](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-zymo-spin-columns/zymo-spin-columns-assemblies/)
- [Plastics: Filters](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-filters/)
- [Plastics: Reservoirs](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-reservoirs/)
- [Plastics: Swabs](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-swabs/)
- [Plastics: Zymo-Spin Plates](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-zymo-spin-plates/)
- [Zymo-Spin Plates: 96-Well Plate](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-zymo-spin-plates/zymo-spin-plates-96-well-plate/)
- [Zymo-Spin Plates: 384-Well Plate](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-zymo-spin-plates/zymo-spin-plates-384-well-plate/)
- [Plastics: Plates](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-plates/)
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- [Lysis: Tubes](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-plastics/plastics-lysis/lysis-tubes/)
- [Zymo Research: Protein](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-protein/)
- [Protein: Media](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-protein/protein-media/)
- [Protein: Purification](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-protein/protein-purification/)
- [Purification: His-Spin](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-protein/protein-purification/purification-his-spin/)
- [Protein: Yeast](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-protein/protein-yeast/)
- [Zymo Research: RNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/)
- [Clean-up: Small-RNA PAGE Recovery](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-clean-up/clean-up-small-rna-page-recovery/)
- [Purification: Pinpoint](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-purification/purification-pinpoint/)
- [Purification: Quick-RNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-purification/purification-quick-rna/)
- [Purification: Direct-zol](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-purification/purification-direct-zol/)
- [Purification: Environmental](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-purification/purification-environmental/)
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- [Quantification: Ladder](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-quantification/quantification-ladder/)
- [Library Prep: RiboFree](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-analysis-library-prep/library-prep-ribofree/)
- [Library Prep: 3'mRNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-analysis-library-prep/library-prep-3mrna/)
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- [SafeCollect: Saliva](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-sample-collection/sample-collection-safecollect/safecollect-saliva/)
- [Zymo Research: Yeast](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-yeast/)
- [Yeast: Plasmid](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-yeast/yeast-plasmid/)
- [Yeast: Purification](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-yeast/yeast-purification/)
- [Purification: DNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-yeast/yeast-purification/purification-dna-2/)
- [Purification: RNA](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-yeast/yeast-purification/purification-rna-2/)
- [Yeast: Transformation](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-yeast/yeast-transformation/)
- [Yeast: Media](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-yeast/yeast-media/)
- [Clean-Up: ZymoClean](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-rna/rna-clean-up/clean-up-zymoclean-2/)
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- [Clean-Up: Clean & Concentrator](https://biolinkk.com/category/nucleic-acid-purification/zymo-research-dna-rna/dna-rna-clean-up/clean-up-clean-concentrator-3/)
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- [Rapid Protein Extraction Kits](https://biolinkk.com/category/sample-preparation-kits/rapid-protein-extraction-kits/) - Why are they called Minute™ Kits? Because you can extract high-quality total proteins in just minutes — sometimes in as little as one minute! Say goodbye to the limitations of RIPA-insoluble proteins and achieve a more complete protein profile with a simple, spin column-based method. Once you experience the fast workflow and superior protein recovery, you’ll never go back. Biolinkk, as the authorized distributor of Invent Biotechnologies in India, brings these innovative kits to researchers for reliable and efficient protein extraction. Try them today!
- [Cell Fractionation & Protein Trafficking](https://biolinkk.com/category/sample-preparation-kits/cell-fractionation-protein-trafficking/) - A key tool for studying protein trafficking in humans, animals, and plants. Invent Biotechnologies’ Minute™ Subcellular Fractionation Kits eliminate the need for ultracentrifugation, simplifying the entire process. With easy-to-follow protocols and a convenient spin column format, these kits enable rapid preparation of various organelles and subcellular fractions — all in under an hour. Biolinkk is the authorized distributor of Invent Biotechnologies products in India, providing researchers with reliable access to these innovative solutions for protein research.
- [Cell Isolation](https://biolinkk.com/category/sample-preparation-kits/cell-isolation/) - Cell isolation doesn’t have to be tedious. With Minute™ Single Cell Isolation Kits, you can enjoy a fast, easy, spin column-based method to obtain high-quality cell suspensions. Achieve cells with excellent integrity and viability in just minutes! Biolinkk, as the authorized distributor of Invent Biotechnologies in India, makes these innovative kits readily available for researchers seeking efficient and reliable cell isolation.
- [Single Nuclei Isolation](https://biolinkk.com/category/sample-preparation-kits/single-nuclei-isolation/) - Invent Biotechnologies’ proprietary spin column-based technology makes single nuclei isolation fast and easy. Obtain high-quality nuclei in minutes with minimal clumping, ideal for applications such as sc/snRNA-seq, ATAC, and CNV in human, animal, and plant samples. Biolinkk, as the authorized distributor of Invent Biotechnologies in India, provides researchers with reliable access to these cutting-edge solutions.
- [Specialty Kits](https://biolinkk.com/category/sample-preparation-kits/specialty-kits/) - Invent Biotechnologies’ Specialty Kits are expertly designed to streamline your workflow and deliver reproducible, publication-ready results. Biolinkk, as the authorized distributor of Invent Biotechnologies in India, ensures researchers have reliable access to these high-quality, innovative solutions.
- [Protein Analysis Reagents](https://biolinkk.com/category/sample-preparation-kits/protein-analysis-reagents/) - Invent Biotechnologies’ protein analysis reagents perfectly complement the Minute™ Rapid Protein Extraction Kits, enhancing your protein and peptide research. They offer reagents for protein solubilization, protein precipitation, western blotting, immunoassay enhancement, and more. Biolinkk, as the authorized distributor of Invent Biotechnologies in India, provides researchers with reliable access to these essential tools for efficient and high-quality protein research.
- [Organelle Isolation](https://biolinkk.com/category/sample-preparation-kits/organelle-isolation/) - Organelle isolation is now simple and efficient. The Minute™ Organelle Isolation Kits offer a rapid, spin column-based method to isolate high-quality organelles from cells or tissues. Biolinkk, as the authorized distributor of Invent Biotechnologies in India, ensures researchers have reliable access to these innovative and efficient organelle isolation solutions.
- [Plant Specific Products](https://biolinkk.com/category/sample-preparation-kits/plant-specific-products/) - Explore Invent Biotechnologies’ specialized tools for plant research, designed to simplify tissue processing and subcellular fractionation. Their plant-specific kits and reagents are optimized to preserve organelle integrity and maximize yield. Trusted by researchers worldwide, these products enable reliable, reproducible results in plant molecular biology, physiology, and biochemistry. Biolinkk, as the authorized distributor of Invent Biotechnologies in India, provides researchers with dependable access to these high-quality plant research solutions.
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- [Cytokine](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/cytokine/) - What are Cytokines? Cytokines/immunocytokines, were initially used to separate the immunomodulatory proteins, also called immunotransmitters, from other growth factors that modulate proliferation and bioactivities of non-immune cells. Some cytokines are produced by a rather limited number of different cell types while others are produced by almost the entire spectrum of known cell types. Recombinant cytokines are in clinical use, and continues attempts are made to develop hybrid molecules from cytokines. 1 must be aware of the fact that current knowledge is still limited. Cytokines are powerful two-edged weapons that can trigger a cascade of reactions, and may show activities that often go beyond the single highly specific property that it is hoped they possess. New factors are being discovered constantly and they extend our knowledge about the Cytokine network. The understanding of the biological mechanisms governing cytokine actions are an important contribution to medical knowledge. The biochemistry and molecular biology of cytokine actions explain some well-known and sometimes also some of the more obscure clinical aspects of diseases. Knowledge that cytokines create regulatory hierarchies and provide independent and/or interrelated regulatory mechanisms that can confer distinct and interactive developmental functions lays a solid, albeit rather complicated foundation, for current and future clinical experiences. The concept of “1 producer cell – 1 cytokine – 1 target cell” has been falsified for practically every cytokine investigated more closely. To classify these factors based on their producer or target cells is therefore also problematic. Classifications based upon identical or shared biological activities of cytokines especially with broad definitions is also problematic for example: BCDF (B-cell differentiation factors), BCGF (B-cell growth factors), Motogenic cytokines, Chemotactic cytokines (Chemokines), CSF (colony stimulating factors), angiogenesis factors, or TRF (T-cell replacing factors). Designations such as HBGF group (heparin binding growth factors) take into account biochemical shared properties by a variety of cytokines which also problematic. The term cytokine is used today as a generic name for a diverse group which includes proteins and peptides that act in nano-picomolar concentrations as humoral regulators and modulate the functional activities of individual cells & tissues. Cytokines also mediate interactions between cells & regulate processes taking place in the extracellular environment. Many growth factors and cytokines act as cellular survival factors by preventing programmed cell death. Cytokines resemble hormones in their biological activity & systemic level, for example, inflammation, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, acute phase reaction, wound healing, and the neuroimmune network. Cytokines act on a wider spectrum of target cells than hormones. The major feature distinguishing cytokines from hormones is the fact that cytokines are not produced by specialized cells organized in specialized glands. Cytokines are secreted proteins which means that their expression sites does not predict where they exert their biological function. Several cytokines primary structure was found to be identical with enzymes. Cytokines do not possess enzymatic activities although there is a growing list of exceptions. Other cytokines require proteolytic activation. Cytokines include Interleukins, Lymphokines, Monokines, Interferons (IFN), colony stimulating factors (CSF), Chemokines and a variety of other proteins. Type-1 cytokines are cytokines produced by Th1 T-helper cells while Type-2 cytokines are those produced by Th2 T-helper cells. Type-1 cytokines include IL-2 (IL2), IFN-gamma (IFN-G), IL-12 (IL12) & TNF-beta (TNF-b), while Type 2 cytokines include IL-4 (IL4), IL-5 (IL5), IL-6 (IL6), IL-10(IL10), and IL-13 (IL13). Comparison of cytokine sequences shows that primate cytokines (non-human) are closely related. An example: IL-1 alpha (IL1a), IL-1 beta (IL1b), IL-2 (IL2), IL-4 (IL4), IL-5 (IL5), IL-6 (IL6) , IL8 (IL-8), IL-10 (IL10), IL-12 (IL12), IL-15 (IL15), IFN-alpha (IFNA), IFN-gamma (IFN-G), and TNF-alpha (TNFA) which share 93% to 99 % homology at the protein & nucleic acid level with the human sequences. Cytokines can also be classified into family groups according to the types of secondary and tertiary structure. An example: IL-6 (IL6), IL-11 (IL11), CNTF (C-NTF), LIF, OSM (Oncostatin-M), EPO (Erythropoietin), G-CSF (GCSF), GH (Growth Hormone), PRL (Prolactin), IL-10 (IL10), IFN-alpha (IFN-A), IFN-beta (IFN-B) form long chain 4 helix bundles. IL-2 (IL2), IL-4 (IL4), IL-7 (IL7), IL-9 (IL9), IL-13 (IL13), IL-3 (IL3), IL-5 (IL5), GM-CSF (GMCSF), M-CSF (MCSF), SCF, IFN-gamma (IFNG) form short chain 4 helix bundles. Beta-trefoil structures are formed by IL1-alpha (IL1A), IL1-beta (IL1B), aFGF (FGF-acidic), bFGF (FGF-basic), INT-2 (INT2), KGF (FGF7). EGF, TGF-alpha (TGF-A), Betacellulin (BTC), SCDGF, Amphiregulin, HB-EGF, form EGF-like antiparallel beta-sheets. Many cytokines are secreted by cells using secretory pathways and therefore are considered glycoproteins. Most genes encoding cytokines give rise to variety of cytokines by means of alternative splicing, yielding molecules with slightly different but biologically significant bioactivities. Usually the expression patterns of different forms of cytokines or of members of a cytokine family are overlapping only partially, suggesting a specific role for each factor. Membrane-bound cytokines have been are associated with the extracellular matrix. The switching between soluble and membrane forms of cytokines is an important regulatory event. In some cases membrane forms of a cytokine have been found to be indispensable for normal development, with soluble forms being unable to entirely substitute for them. Numerous cytokines are not stored inside cells though TGF-beta (TGF-b) and PDGF (P-DGF) are stored in platelets or TNF-alpha (TNF-A) and IL-8 (IL8) are found in human skin mast cells. Most of the cytokine’s expression is regulated tightly at practically all levels. The factors are usually produced only by cells after cell activation in response to an induction signal. The production and secretion of cytokines and growth factors frequently is context dependent, i.e., their expression is influenced by individual signals received but also by the balance of signals received through one or more receptors (which themselves may be subject to inducible/repressible expression). Cytokine’s expression is regulated at the transcription level, translation level, and protein synthesis. The expression of cytokines also seems to be regulated differentially, depending on cell type and developmental age. Secretion or release from the producer cells is a regulated process. Once released, their behavior in the circulation may be regulated by soluble receptors and specific or unspecific binding proteins. Regulation also is at work at the receptor level on target cells and at the level of signaling pathways governing alterations in the behavior of responder cells. Numerous cytokines are pleiotropic effectors showing multiple biological activities. Multiple cytokines have overlapping activities therefore a single cell frequently interacts with multiple cytokines with seemingly identical responses (cross-talk). A possible consequence of this functional overlap is the observation that 1 factor may frequently functionally replace another factor altogether or at least partially compensate for the lack of another factor. Since most cytokines have ubiquitous biological activities, their physiologic significance as normal regulators of physiology is often difficult to assess. Gene function studies in experimental transgenic knock-out animals in which a cytokine gene has been functionally inactivated by gene targeting are very important in cytokine-research since, unlike in vitro studies, they provide information about the true in vivo functions of a given cytokine by highlighting the effects of their absence. In many instances these studies have shown that null mutations of particular cytokine genes do not have the effects in vivo expected from their activities in vitro. Cytokines show stimulating or inhibitory activities and synergize or antagonize the actions of other factors. 1 sole Cytokine elicits reactions under certain circumstances that are the reverse of those shown under other circumstances. The type, the duration, and also the extent of cellular activities induced by a particular cytokine can be influenced considerably by the micro-environment of a cell, depending, for example, on the growth state of the cells (sparse or confluent), the type of neighboring cells, cytokine concentrations, the combination of other cytokines present at the same time, and even on the temporal sequence of several cytokines acting on the same cell. Under such circumstances combinatorial effects thus allow a single cytokine to transmit diverse signals to different subsets of cells. Although some cytokines are known to share at least some biological effects, the observations that single cells usually show different patterns of gene expression in response to different cytokines can be taken as evidence for the existence of cytokine receptor-specific signal transduction pathways. Shared and different transcriptional activators that transduce a signal from a cytokine receptor to a transcription regulatory element of DNA are involved in these processes such as STAT proteins. Basic FGF (bFGF) is a strong mitogen for fibroblasts at low concentrations and a chemoattractant at high concentrations. FGFb (FGF-b) has been shown also to be a biphasic regulator of human hepatoblastoma-derived HepG2 cells, depending upon the concentration. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) can stimulate the proliferation of B-cells prestimulated with Anti-IgM, and inhibits the activities of the same cells induced by IL-4 (IL4). On the other hand, IL-4 (Interleukin-4) activates B-cells and promotes their proliferation while inhibiting the effects induced by IL2 in the same cells. The activity of at least two cytokines such as IL1-A (IL1A) & IL1-B (IL1B) is regulated by an endogenous receptor antagonist, the IL1 receptor anagonist (IL1TA). Cytokines, such as TNFA (TNF-A), IFN-gamma (IFN-G), IL-2 (IL2) & IL-4 (IL4), are inhibited by soluble receptors. Cytokines including IL-10 (IL10) and TGF-beta (TGF-B), inhibit other cytokines. Early Cytokines preactivate cells so that they then can respond to late-acting cytokines. Cytokines induce the synthesis of novel gene products once they have bound to their corresponding. Several of the novel products are themselves cytokines. In addition, there are a variety of biological response modifiers that function as Anti-cytokines. Cytokine mediators swiftly remote areas of a multicellular organism & multiple target cells can be degraded quickly, One can assume that cytokines play a pivotal role in all sorts of cell-to-cell communication processes although many of the mechanisms of their actions have not yet been elucidated in full detail. Thorough examination of the physiological effects of the expression of cytokines in complex organisms has shown that these mediators are involved in all systemic reactions of an organism, including the important processes as regulation of immune responses, for example: BCDF(B-cell growth and differentiation factors), BCGF (B-cell growth factors) TRF (T-cell replacing factors), Isotype switching, inflammatory processes, hematopoiesis, and wound healing. Embryogenesis and organ development inlvolves important mediators called Cytokines. Their activities in these processes may differ from those observed postnatally. Cytokines play a key role in neuroimmunological, neuroendocrinological, and neuroregulatory processes. Cytokines also regulate cell cycle, differentiation, migration, cell survival & cell death, and cell transformation. Viral infectious agents exploit the cytokine repertoire of organisms to evade immune responses of the host. Virus-encoded factors affect the activities of cytokines in at least four different ways: by inhibiting the synthesis and release of cytokines from infected cells; by interfering with the interaction between cytokines and their receptors; by inhibiting signal transmission pathways of cytokines; and by synthesizing virus-encoded cytokines that antagonize the effects of host cytokines mediating antiviral processes. Bacteria and micro-organisms also appear to produce substances with activities resembling those of cytokines and which they utilize to subvert host responses. Cytokines are rarely related among eachother in their primary sequences. Some appear to have common 3 dimensional features and some of them can be grouped into families. An example is the TNF ligand superfamily members (with the exception of LT-alpha) are type 2 membrane glycoproteins (N-terminus inside) with homology to TNF in the extracellular domain (overall homologies, 20 %). The HBNF family includes members of the group of fibroblast growth factors. The chemokine group which contain diverse factors also have conserved sequence features. Analysis of crystal structures of several cytokines with very little sequence homology has revealed a common overall topology that is not deducible from sequence comparisons. Cytokine biological activity of is mediated by specific membrane receptors, which are expressed on all cell types known. Cytokine expression is also subject to several regulatory although some receptors are expressed also constitutively. Cytokine receptor proteins are multi-subunit structures that bind ligands and at the same time possess functions as signal transducers due to their intrinsic tyrosine kinase. Many receptors often share common signal transducing receptor components in the same family, which explains, at least in part, the functional redundancy of cytokines. Cross-communication between different signaling systems allows integration diversity of stimuli, which a cell can be subjected to under varying physiological situations. This and the ubiquitous cellular distribution of certain cytokine receptors have hampered attempts to define critical responsive cell populations and the physiologically important cell-specific functions of cytokines in vivo. Numerous receptors are associated with special signal transducing proteins in the interior of the cell. Receptors bind more than 1 cytokine. Cytokine receptors shown to be converted into soluble binding proteins that regulate ligand access to the cell by specific proteolytic cleavage of receptor ectodomains. Specific activities of cytokines have been the basis for current concepts of therapeutical intervention, in particular of the treatment of hematopoietic malfunctions and tumor therapy. Applications involve the support of chemo- and radiotherapy, bone marrow transplantation, and general immunostimulation.
- [Growth Factor](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/growth-factor/) - About Growth Factors: Growth Factor is a protein molecule made by the body; it functions to regulate cell division & cell survival. Growth factors can also be produced by genetic engineering in the laboratory and used in biological therapy. Growth factors bind to receptors on the cell surface, with the result of activating cellular proliferation and/or differentiation. Growth factors are quite versatile, stimulating cellular division in numerous different cell types; while others are specific to a particular cell-type. Growth factors are proteins that promote cell growth. Growth factors are proteins that function as growth stimulators (mitogens) and/or growth inhibitors, stimulate cell migration, act as chemotactic agents, inhibit cell migration, inhibit invasion of tumor cells, modulate differentiated functions of cells, involved in apoptosis, involved in angiogenesis and promote survival of cells without influencing growth and differentiation. Growth factors secret diffusible factors that are identified in the conditioned medium of cell cultures. Growth factors are present in membrane-anchored forms. Growth factors act in an autocrine, paracrine, juxtacrine or retrocrine manner. Usually researchers use the term growth factors as a synonym for cytokines. Examples for Growth Factors are EGF, FGF, NGF, PDGF, VEGF, IGF, GMCSF, GCSF, TGF, Erythropoietin, TPO, BMP, HGF, GDF, Neurotrophins, MSF, SGF, GDF and more. Hematopoietic growth factors are hormone-like substances that stimulate bone marrow to produce blood cells. Shortages of blood cells cause most of the symptoms in people with MDS, the use of growth factors is very appealing. Studies have tested several growth factors in patients with MDS, such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Erythropoietin is a growth factor which promotes red blood cell production. Recently it has been found that combining erythropoietin with G-CSF improves the response to the erythropoietin. Interleukin-11 (IL-11) stimulates platelet production after chemotherapy. Current studies try to find the best way to predict which growth factors will treat new diseases and the best way to combine growth factors with each other and with other treatments, such as chemotherapy or hormones. Growth factors produce extra stem cells before a stem cell harvest. Chemotherapy kills off healthy white blood cells, as well as the leukaemic ones, therefore there is risk of infection while white cell count is low. Low level of white cells is called ‘neutropenia’. Early research of growth factors shown that, while growth factors help the white cell count to recover, they actually don’t make much difference to the number of infections. Growth Factors are biologically active poly-peptides which function as hormone like regulatory signals, controlling the growth and differentiation of responsive cells. The distinction between growth factors and hormones is frequently arbitrary. The sequence of amino acids permits growth factors to be placed into families, suggesting that they evolved from a single ancestral protein. The insulin family comprises somatemedins A and C, insulin, insulinlike growth factor (IGF), and multiplication-stimulating factor (MSF). A 2nd family consists of sarcoma growth factor (SGF), transforming growth factors (TGFs), and epidermal growth factor (EGF). In addition, there are growth factors, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), for which structural homologs have not been identified. Stimulation of cell proliferation growth factors is similar to the rapid cell proliferation characteristic of tumor cells. Growth factor receptors are similar to the tumor-causing proteins produced by several RNA tumor viruses. Platelet-derived growth factor ( PDGF) is virtually identical to the tumor-causing protein of the RNA tumor virus, simian sarcoma virus. Growth Factors are involved in cell differentiation and are essential to normal cell cycle, and are thus vital elements in the life of animals from conception to death. Growth Factors mediate fetal development, play a role in maintenance and repair of tissues, stimulate production of blood cells & participate in cancerous processes.
- [Chemokine](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/chemokine/) - About Chemokines: Chemokines belong to a family of pro-inflammatory activation-inducible cytokines previously referred to as members of SIS family of cytokines, SIG family of cytokines, SCY family of cytokines, Platelet factor-4 superfamily or Intercrines These proteins are mainly chemotactic for different cell types. Chemokines molecular weight ranges from 8 kDa to10 kDa and show 20%-50 % sequence homology among each other at the protein level. Chemokines share common gene & tertiary structure. Chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. 2 different subfamilies of chemokines are distinguished according to their chromosomal location. The Alpha-Chemokines are referred to also as the 4q chemokine family because the genes encoding members of this family map to human chromosome 4q12-21. The first 2 cysteine residues of this family are separated by 1 amino acids therefore, called CXC-Chemokines [Cysteine- Amino Acid-Cysteine-Chemokines]. The new sytematic nomenclature of this group is called SCY family. Some human CXC-Chemokines are defined by the conserved ELR sequence motif (glutamic acid-leucine-arginine) after the first cysteine residue near the amino-terminal end. Chemokines with an ELR sequence chemoattract & activate primarily neutrophils. Chemokines without the ELR sequence chemoattract and activate monocytes, dendritic cells, T-cells, NK-cells, B-lymphocytes, basophils, and eosinophils. The Beta-Chemokines or 17q chemokine family map to human chromosome 17q11-32 (mouse chromosome11). The first 2 cysteine residues are adjacent and, therefore, these proteins are called also CC-Chemokines [Cysteine-Cysteine-Chemokines]. The new sytematic nomenclature of this group is called SCY family of cytokines. Several of the Beta-Chemokines contain two additional conserved cysteine residues and sometimes the term C6-beta-Chemokines is used for this subgroup. C-Chemokines also named Gamma-Chemokines differ from other chemokines by the absence of a one cysteine residue. Chemokines members having a CXXXC cysteine signature are referred to as Delta-Chemokines or CX3C-Chemokines or CXXXC-Chemokines. Gamma & Delta Chemokines are type 1 transmembrane glycoproteins with the chemokine domain resting on top of an extended mucin-like stalk. A soluble form of the chemokine moiety can be released from its transmembrane anchor by extracellular cleavage. The defined subgroups of chemokines on the basis of structural and functional properties illustrates the importance of chemoattractant diversity in the regulation of the movement of leukocytes through the body. Chemokines have direct microbicidal activities characterized by a structural motif and have been classified as kinocidins. Biological activity of chemokines is mediated by receptors with overlapping ligand specificities that bind several proteins, which belong either to the CC-Chemokines or the group of CXC-Chemokines. Lymphocytes require stimulation to become responsive to most known chemokines, and this process is linked closely to chemokine receptor expression. Chemokine receptors belong to the large group of G-protein-coupled seven transmembrane domain receptors that contain 7 hydrophobic alpha-helical segments that transverse the membrane. These receptors form a structurally related group within the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily, which mediate signaling via heterotrimeric G-proteins. The receptors that bind CXC-Chemokines are designated CXCR such as CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5 & CXCR6 while receptors binding CC-Chemokines are designated CCR, examples are: CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CCR8, CCR9, CCR10, CCR10A, CCR10B & CCR11. The “R” nomenclature is used for receptors that bind chemokines and elicit intracellular signaling in response to binding of a ligand. Examples of viral chemokine receptor homologs are ECRF-3, EBI-1 (EBV induced gene-1) and US28. Examples of viral chemokine activity inhibitors are vCCI, vCKBP. Chemokines have been shown to be capable of binding to heparin moieties of the extracellular matrix. Binding to heparan sulfate or heparin enhances responses of neutrophils to IL8. Chemokines are essential mediators for trafficking of leukocytes and their role is not only restricted to cell attraction. Chemokines are multipotent cytokines that localize and enhance inflammation by inducing chemotaxis and cell activation of different types of inflammatory cells typically present at inflammatory sites. Chemokines are induced and released into the circulation during acute infection but high concentrations of some chemokines are observed also in normal plasma. Arrest chemokines are a subset of immobilized chemokines expressed by endothelial cells under physiologic or pathologic conditions. Chemokines rapidly activate leukocyte integrin adhesiveness under shear flow. Chemokines exert their effects on distinct subsets of cells. An example is CXC-Chemokines which attract neutrophils but not macrophages, while CC-Chemokines preferentially induce migration of macrophages. Chemokines have been shown to induce selective migration of subsets of leukocytes. Chemokines along with other mediators are responsible for the cellular composition at inflammatory sites and also directly cause cell activation. Some chemokines activate granulocytes and/or monocytes and cause respiratory bursts, degranulation, and the release of lysosomal enzymes. Chemokines prime immune cells to respond to sub-optimal amounts of other inflammatory mediators, though other chemokines are potent histamine releasing factors for basophils. Erythrocytes play an important role through their promiscuous chemokine receptor in regulating the chemokine network. Chemokines bound to the receptor on erythrocytes are inaccessible to their normal target cells which provides a sink for superfluous chemokines and may serve to limit the systemic effects of these mediators without disrupting localized processes taking place at the site of inflammation. During the course of pathophysiological processes many genes encoding chemokines are strongly expressed including autoimmune diseases, cancer, atherosclerosis, and chronic inflammatory diseases. Specific CC-Chemokines exhibit biological activities other than mere chemotaxis. Chemokines are capable of inducing the proliferation and activation of killer cells known as CHAK (CC-Chemokine-activated killer), which are similar to cells activated by IL2. Chemokines have important developmental functions also apart from inducing Chemotaxis such as the SDF family group. Chemokines also modulate growth of hematopoietic progenitors thus have functions in hematopoiesis, for example: BFU-E, CFU-GM, CFU-GEMM and may play a role in trafficking of hematopoietic progenitor cells in and out of the bone marrow in inflammatory conditions. Chemokines that have suppressive activity against immature subsets of myeloid progenitors stimulated to proliferate by multiple growth factors include: MCP-4, MIP-4, I-309, TECK, GCP-2, Mig, and lymphotactin. Chemokines found to be lacking suppressive activity include: MCP-2, MCP-3, eotaxin-1, MCIF, TARC, MDC, MPIF-2 (eotaxin-2), SDF-1 and fractalkine (neurotactin). Additional functions of chemokines such as angiogenesis, wound healing, tumor growth, metastasis, development, and genesis, homeostasis and function of the immune system have been reported also. Chemokines and their receptors are especially important in the control of viral infection and replication as well as interference with viral propagation by enhancing the cytotoxic activity of infected cells or by recruiting activated leukocytes to foci of infection to aid viral clearance. Chemokines suppress infection by HIV-1 and that chemokine receptors serve, along with CD4, as obligate coreceptors for HIV-1 entry, which is an important medical discovery. Many viruses encode a viral homolog of chemokines or chemokine binding proteins, termed virokine and viroceptor, respectively. For a strategy allowing manipulation of the cell surface expression of chemokine receptors that are involved in the pathogenesis of HIV virus infections (CCR5 and CXCR4) and thus also allowing a modification of cell susceptibility see also: intrakine.
- [CD Antigens](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/cd-antigens/) - About CD antigens: Cell surface antigens of leukocytes are called CD antigens, and important for immune reactions of organisms. As lymphocytes mature, they express different protein receptors on the cell surface, which can aid in determining the type and maturation stage of the cells being examined. These proteins or antigen markers are called Clusters of Differentiation The term CD means a cluster of differentiation OR a cluster of determinants which indicates the lineage or maturational stage of lymphocytes. During the course of development from precursor cells into functionally mature forms, lymphocytes display a complex pattern of surface antigens, some of which are acquired at certain stages while others are lost. These surface antigens were identified initially by monoclonal antibodies and the designations of the antibodies were used often as synonyms for the cell surface proteins they detected, giving rise to a plethora of different names. CD antigens are present on some subpopulations and functional types of leukocytes. CD antigens participate in immune reaction as receptors for cell communication (e.g. adherence molecules, antigen recognizing receptors). CD antigen nomenclature describes different monoclonal antibodies from different sources that recognize identical antigens. Numbers are assigned arbitrarily. A small letter w before the number designation stands for “workshop”. It indicates that the CD designation is tentative. CD antigens are found on practically all known cell types. In some cases CD antigens are expressed only at certain stages of development or under certain conditions, for example after cell activation or in certain disease conditions. In Hematology the morphological criteria is for the description of specific developmental stages of lymphocytes unlike in CD antigens which the use of monoclonal antibodies allows the objective and precise analysis and standardized typing of mature and immature normal and malignant cells of all hematopoietic cell lineages. The use antibodies also helps to delineate the biologic traits that distinguish normal immune and hematopoietic cells from their malignant counterparts, which is utmost important in the understanding of hematological malignancies. The expression of CD antigens is influenced by cytokines, such as binding of ligands to CD antigens which has shown to modulate the expression of cytokines. CD antigens have been shown to be identical with receptors of cytokines such as CD25 (TAC antigen). CD antigens appear to carry out cytokine receptor-like functions such as CD27, CD30 and CD40. CD antigens are involved in modulating the biological activities of cytokines such as CD4, CD28 and CD40. CD antigens exist also in soluble forms for example CD14, CD21, CD23, CD27, CD100 and CD137. The CD Antigen’s designation isn’t related to the biological function, thus CD antigens include receptors, glycans, adhesion molecules, membrane-bound enzymes, etc. The most commonly know CD antigens are CD4 and CD8 which are markers for T-helper and T-suppressor cells, respectively. CD4 binds to relatively invariant sites on class II major histocompatibility complex molecules outside the peptide-binding groove, which interacts with the T-cell receptor. CD4 is also the central docking receptor for human immunodeficiency virus. CD8 binds to relatively invariant sites on class I major histocompatibility complex molecules outside the peptide-binding groove. CD8 is also expressed on a subset of dendritic cells. Other more important CD antigens include the leukocytes integrins (CD11/CD18) and the hematopoietic stem cell marker CD34. CD69 is homologous to members of a supergene family of type II integral membrane proteins having C-type lectin domains. Although the precise functions of the CD-69 antigen is not known, evidence suggests that these proteins transmit mitogenic signals across the plasma membrane and are up- regulated in response to lymphocyte activation In the last decade the wide palette of monoclonal antibodies has been prepared which recognise of CD antigens on human cells. Much less monoclonal antibodies are available specific for typing of domestic animal cells. CD antigens have been characterized as both transmembrane proteins and cell surface proteins anchored to the plasma membrane via covalent attachment to fatty acid-containing glycolipids such as glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI).
- [Neurotrophin](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/neurotrophin/) - About Neurotrophins: During nerve development, neurotrophins help nerve cells decide if they are going to live or die. Neurotrophins are small proteins secreted in the nervous system at extremely low concentrations. Low levels of a neurotrophin are needed to keep nerve cells alive. However, in some cases, presence of a neurotrophin can have the opposite effect, initiating cell-death. During development of the nervous system, levels of neurotrophins control unwanted nerve cells. Later, neurotrophins stimulate the growth of new dendrites and to cause unwanted dendrites to die back from crowded areas. Neurotrophins are proteins with closely related structures that are known to support the survival of different classes of embryonic neurons. Neurotrophins is a generic term that describes a number of neurotrophic factors enhancing neuronal differentiation, inducing proliferation, influencing synaptic functions, and promoting the survival of neurons that are normally destined to die during different phases of the development of the central and peripheral nervous system. Neurotrophins (neurotrophic factors) are proteins which induce the survival of neurons and are found in the blood stream. Neurotrophins are capable of signaling particular cells to survive, differentiate, or grow. Neurotrophins are secreted by target tissues and prevent neurons from initiating programmed cell death – thus enabling the neurons to survive. Neurotrophins induce differentiation of progenitor cells to form neurons. Growth factors such as basic-FGF or LIF due to their trophic activities on a number of neurons are frequently also counted among the neurotrophin group. BDNF, NGF and NT-3 are referred to as the NGF protein family as NGF is the founder member of this family of proteins. The multifunctional Pan-Neurotrophin-1 (PNT-1) protein efficiently activates all trk receptors and displays multiple neurotrophic specificities. Another neuronal survival factor is NSE (neuron-specific enolase). Other factors with neurotrophic activities normally not classified as neurotrophins and often possessing a broader spectrum of functions are EGF, HBNF (heparin binding neurite-promoting factor), IGF-2, acidic-FGF and FGF-basic, PDGF, NSE (neuron-specific enolase), and Activin-A. Exogenous delivery of the neurotrophic factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), promotes the function, sprouting and re-growth of 5-HT-containing neurones in the brains of adult rats. Infusions of BDNF into the dorsal nucleus produce an antidepressant effect. Environmental stressors such as immobilization induce depression and decrease BDNF mRNA. Antidepressants increase BDNF mRNA in the brain, via 5-HT2A and beta-adrenoceptor subtypes and prevent the stress-induced decreases in BDNF mRNA. Treatments of depression might work by increasing endogenous brain levels of BDNF or NT-3, which in turn could promote monoamine-containing neuron growth and function. Drugs that selectively stimulate the production of neurotrophins could represent a new generation of antidepressants. A distinction is made between Neurite promoting factor (NPF) & Neuronal differentiation factor depending upon their bioactivities. Neurite promoting factor (NPF) doesn’t promote neuronal survival or general growth but are required to induce outgrowth of axonal or dendritic processes. NPF activity include NGF, S100, GMF-beta (glial maturation factor), proteoglycans, merosin, fibronectin, collagens, cell adhesion molecules, & laminin. Neuronal differentiation factors influence transmitter phenotypes without affecting neuronal survival. Members of a neurotrophic gene family are involved during the development in adult nervous system as indicated by in vitro assays using recombinant neurotrophic factors and distributions of their mRNAs and proteins. 80% of neurons in the nervous system undergo cell death during normal vertebral development in order to ensure adequate the #s of neurons that establish appropriate innervation densities with effector organs or other neuronal populations. Sparing neurons from programmed death influence development. Neurotrophins support neuronal survival up to the time of naturally-occuring cell death and then become ineffective. This mechanism involves a switch in the type of neurotrophin receptor expressed by the neuron. Other neurotrophins have profound effects on neuronal progenitor cells and can increase the number of neurons in a population destined to have a specific phenotype. Neurotrophins affect electrical synapse activity which increase expression of neurotrophin genes. Transgenic mice carrying null mutations of various genes encoding neurotrophins or their receptors revealed a broad spectrum of activities of neurotrophins in the nervous system. Studies and investigations of neurotrophin receptors will aid in defining the roles of neurotrophins in the mature central nervous system. It is already clear that the development, maintenance, and plasticity of the nervous system involves careful spatial and temporal control of expression of multiple neurotrophins, their receptors, and other factors. Neurotrophins are of potential clinical interest since they influence the functional activities and survival of distinct neuronal populations within the peripheral and central nervous system. Neurotrophins are currently under investigation as therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and nerve injury either individually or in combination with other trophic factors. A number of diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, and cancer, may cause neural damage in part through the misfunction of neurotrophins. Current therapeutic strategies are to fight these diseases using neurotrophic factors to help and control any loss of nerve function. Unfortunately, neurotrophins do not last very long in the body when injected to the body and show significant side effects. Today, researchers are looking for drugs that “fool” cells into thinking that they are receiving signals from neurotrophins.
- [Hormones](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/hormones/) - About Hormones: The word Hormone comes means, “to spur on” which reflects how hormones acts as catalysts for other chemical changes at the cellular level necessary for growth, development, and energy. Hormones are chemical messengers that carry and travel signals in the blood stream from 1 cell or glands to other tissues and organsto maintain chemical levels in the bloodstream that achieve homeostasis. All cellular organisms produce hormones. Hormones also regulate the function of their target cells whicht express a receptor for the hormone. The action of hormones is determined by numerous factors such as its pattern of secretion and the response of the receiving tissue (signal transduction response). Though few hormones circulate dissolved in the blood-stream, most are carried in the blood, bound to plasma proteins. For example, steroid hormones which are highly hydrophobic, are transported bound to plasma proteins. An Example of antagonistic pairs of hormones is the Insulin, which causes the level of glucose to drop when it has risen and Glucagon causes blood sugar to rise when it has fallen. There are two major classes of hormones 1. Proteins, Peptides, and modified amino acids 2. Steroids. In general, steroids are sex hormones related to sexual maturation and fertility. Steroids are made from cholesterol by placenta by our adrenal gland or gonads (testes or ovaries). Peptides regulate functions such as sleep and sugar concentration. They are made from long strings of amino acids, so sometimes they are referred to as “protein” hormones. Growth hormone, for example, helps us burn fat and build up muscles. Another peptide hormone, insulin, starts the process to convert sugar into cellular energy. Hormones so perfectly and efficiently manage homeostasis due to negative feedback cycles. Our goal is to keep the concentration of a certain chemical, such as testosterone, at a constant level for a certain period of time, the way that a thermostat works. Using negative feedback, a change in conditions causes a response that returns the conditions to their original state. When a room’s temperature drops, the thermostat responds by turning the heat on. The room returns to the ideal temperature, and the heater turns off, keeping the conditions relatively constant. Endocrine hormone are secreted into the blood and carried by blood and tissue fluids to the cells they act upon, while exocrine hormones are secreted into a duct, and then into the bloodstream. Exocrine hormones are transferred from cell to cell by diffusion (paracrine signaling). Hormones work slowly, over time, and affect many different processes in the body, such as Growth & development, Metabolism, Sexual function, Reproduction Mood, Endocrine glands, etc… The major endocrine glands are the pituitary, pineal, thymus, thyroid, adrenal glands and pancreas. In addition, men produce hormones in their testes and women produce them in their ovaries. Hormones have large effects and it takes picogram amounts to cause big changes in cells or even your whole body. That is why too much or too little of a certain hormone can cause harsh problems and complications. In Laboratory experiments, one can measure hormone levels in blood, urine or saliva. The hormone levels circulating in the blood stream are controlled by a homeostatic mechanism, such as 1 hormone stimulates the production of a 2nd, the 2nd suppresses the production of the 1st . For Instance, FSH stimulates the release of estrogens from the ovarian follicle but at high levels of estrogen itsuppresses the further production of FSH. 1 major class of hormones is the Proteins, Peptides and modified amino acids which are hydrophilic (and mostly large) hormone molecules that bind to receptors on the surface of “target” cells, cells are able to respond to the presence of the hormone. These receptors are transmembrane proteins. Binding of the hormone to its receptor initiates a sequence of intracellular signals that alters the behavior of the cell (opening or closing of the membrane channels) or stimulate (or repress) gene expression in the nucleus by turning on (or off) the promoters and enhancers of the genes. A hormone binds to a site on the extracellular portion of the receptor which acts as transmembrane protein that pass through the plasma membrane x7, with theN-terminal exposed at the exterior of the cell and the C-terminal projecting into the cytoplasm. Once the hormone binds to the receptor it activates a G protein associated with the cytoplasmic C-terminal which initiates production of a 2nd messenger such as cyclic AMP, (cAMP)which is produced by adenylyl cyclase from ATP, and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) The 2nd messenger initiates a series of intracellular events such as phosphorylation and activation of enzymes, release of Ca2+ into the cytosol from stores within the endoplasmic reticulum. cAMP activates the transcription factor CREB (cAMP response element binding protein) which turns on gene transcription. The cell begins to produce the appropriate gene products in response to the hormonal signal it had received at its surface. Steroid hormones are hydrophobic proteins/peptides and diffuse freely into cells. However, their “target” cells contain cytoplasmic and/or nuclear proteins that serve as receptors of the hormone. The hormone binds to the receptor and the complex binds to hormone response elements – stretches of DNA within the promoters of genes responsive to the hormone. The hormone/receptor complex acts as a transcription factor turning target genes “on” (or “off”). Hormones circulate freely in the bloodstream, waiting to be recognized by a target cell, their intended destination. The target cell has a receptor that can only be activated by a specific type of hormone. Once activated, the cell knows to start a certain function within its walls. Genes might get activated, or energy production resumed. As special categories, autocrine hormones act on the cells of the secreting gland, while paracrine hormones act on nearby, but unrelated, cells. Hormone secretion is increased (or decreased) by the same substance whose level is decreased (or increased) by the hormone. The rising level of Ca2+ in the blood stream suppresses the production of PTH but a low level of Ca2+ stimulates it.
- [Enzyme](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/enzyme/) - About Enzymes: Enzymes are very efficient and specific catalyst proteins which react with 1 or few types of substrates in biochemical reactions and are responsible for bringing about almost all of the chemical reactions in living organisms. Enzymes speed up reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway of lower activation energy. Without enzymes, reactions take place at a rate far too slow for the pace of metabolism which means that they speed up the chemical reactions in living things. There are 2 types of enzymes, ones that help join specific molecules together to form new molecules & others that help break specific molecules apart into separate molecules. Enzymes play many important roles ouside the cell as well. One of the best examples of this is the digestive system. For instance, it is enzymes in your digestive system that break food down in your digestive system break food down into small molecules that can be absorbed by the body. Some enzymes in your digestive system break down starch, some proteins and others break down fats. The enzymes used to digest our food are extra-cellular since they are located outside our cells & enzymes inside our cells are intra-cellular enzymes. Enzymes are used in ALL chemical reactions in living things; this includes respiration, photosynthesis, movement growth, getting rid of toxic chemicals in the liver and so on. Enzymes are proteins that must have the correct structure to be active. They are very easily affected by heat, pH and heavy metal ions. Ribonucleoprotein enzyme catalytic activity is located in the protein part but for some the catalytic activity is in the RNA part. A catalyst is any substance which makes a chemical reaction go faster, without itself being changed. A catalyst can be used over and over again in a chemical reaction and does not get used up. Enzymes lower the amount of activation energy needed by binding to the reactants of the reaction they catalyze, thus speed up the reaction and can process millions of molecules per second. Enzymes are typically large proteins with high molecular weight that permit reactions to go at conditions that the body can tolerate. Enzyme nomenclature is based on what the enzyme reacts with & how it reacts along with the ending ase. Enzymes must get over the activation energy hurdle. Enzymes change how a reaction will proceed which reduces the activation energy and makes it faster. The more we increase the enzyme concentration the faster the reaction rate for non-catalyzed reactions. Enzymes that are catalyzed reactions also increase reaction rate at higher level of concentration but up to a certain point called Vmax which means that the enzyme has reached its maximum point. The reaction is limited by both the concentrations of the enzyme and substrate. Enzymes as catalysts take part in reactions which provide an alternative reaction pathway. Enzymes do not undergo permanent changes and remain unchanged at the end of the reaction. They only change the rate of reaction, not the position of the equilibrium.Enzymes as catalysts are highly selective by only catalysing specific reactions due to the shapes of the enzyme’s molecule. Enzymes contain a globular protein part called apoenzyme and a non-protein part named cofactor or prosthetic group or metal-ion-activator. Changes in temperature and pH have great influence on the intra- and intermolecular bonds that hold the protein part in their secondary and tertiary structures. Examples of cofactors are 1. Prosthetic group that are permanently bound to the enzyme. 2. Activator group which are cations (positively charged metal ions) & temporarily bind to the active site of the enzyme. 3.Coenzymes, usually vitamins or made from vitamins which are not permanently bound to the enzyme molecule, but combine with the enzyme-substrate complex temporarily. Enzymes require the presence cofactors before their catalytic activity can be exerted. This entire active complex is referred to as the holoenzyme. Without enzymes, our guts would take weeks to digest our food, our muscles, nerves and bones would not work properly and so on… Main Enzyme category groups: Oxidoreductases: All enzymes that catalyse oxido-reductions belong in this class. The substrate oxidized is regarded as a hydrogen or electron donor. The classification is based on ‘donor:acceptor oxidoreductase’. The common name is ‘dehydrogenase’, wherever this is possible; as an alternative, ‘acceptor reductase’ can be used. ‘Oxidase’ is used only where O2 is an acceptor. Classification is difficult in some cases, because of the lack of specificity towards the acceptor. Transferases: Transferases are enzymes that transfer a group, for example, the methyl group or a glycosyl group, from one compound (generally regarded as donor) to another compound (generally regarded as acceptor). The classification is based on the scheme ‘donor:acceptor grouptransferase’. The common names are normally formed as ‘acceptor grouptransferase’ or ‘donor grouptransferase’. In many cases, the donor is a cofactor (coenzyme) that carries the group to be transferred. The aminotransferases constitute a special case. Hydrolases: These enzymes catalyse the hydrolysis of various bonds. Some of these enzymes pose problems because they have a very wide specificity, and it is not easy to decide if two preparations described by different authors are the same, or if they should be listed under different entries. While the systematic name always includes ‘hydrolase’, the common name is, in most cases, formed by the name of the substrate with the suffix -ase. It is understood that the name of the substrate with this suffix, and no other indicator, means a hydrolytic enzyme. It should be noted that peptidases have recommended names rather than common names. Lyases: Lyases are enzymes that cleave C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by means other than by hydrolysis or oxidation. They differ from other enzymes in that two (or more) substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but there is one compound fewer in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring. The systematic name is formed according to ‘substrate group-lyase’. In common names, expressions like decarboxylase, aldolase, etc. are used. ‘Dehydratase’ is used for those enzymes that eliminate water. In cases where the reverse reaction is the more important, or the only one to be demonstrated, ‘synthase’ may be used in the name. Ligases: Ligases are enzymes that catalyse the joining of two molecules with concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. ‘Ligase’ is often used for the common name, but, in a few cases, ‘synthase’ or ‘carboxylase’ is used. ‘Synthetase’ may be used in place of ‘synthase’ for enzymes in this class.
- [Viral Antigens](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/viral-antigens/) - About Viral Antigens: A viral Antigen is an antigen with multiple antigenicities that is protein in nature, strain-specific, and closely associated with the virus particle. A viral antigen is a protein encoded by the viral genome.A viral protein is an antigen specified by the viral genome that can be detected by a specific immunological response. Viruses are infectious pathogens that cause serious diseases & major threats for global public health, such as influenza, hepatitis, & AIDS. Virus is a sub-micrometer particle that has DNA or RNA packed in a shell called capsid. Viral antigens protrude from the capsid and often fulfill important function in docking to the host cell, fusion, and injection of viral DNA/RNA. Antibody-based immune responses form a first layer of protection of the host from viral infection; however, in many cases a vigorous cellular immune response mediated by T-cells and NK-cells is required for effective viral clearance. When cellular immunity is unable to clear the virus, the infection can become chronic, and serum antibodies to the viral pathogen are used as first indicator for the diagnosis of the disease. ELISAs provide a valuable tool in the detection and diagnosis of virus infection. The ability to produce recombinant viral proteins will ensure that future ELISAs are safe, specific and rapid. Even when a virus cannot be cultured, provided gene sequence is available, it is possible to rapidly respond to emerging viruses and new viral strains of existing pathogens. Recombinant viral antigens contain part of viral sequence meaning that the recombinant antigen contains a region which can be recognized by different antibodies produced by different individuals. This reduces the risk of false negatives which can occur with synthetic peptides, which contain only a small portion of the entire protein. If an individual infected with a viral antigen makes antibodies to a part of the protein not included in the synthetic peptides, a false negative results. Recombinant viral protein usually contains a fusion protein/partner which produces superior attachment to assay surfaces such as wells. For this reason, smaller amounts of recombinant protein will produce the same results as larger amounts of unfused protein. The choice of fusion partner prevents false positives, allowing superior adhesion without incorrect results. Recombinant Viral proteins are expressed in bacteria, yeast, mammalian cells, and viruses. E. Coli cells were first to be used for this purpose but the expressed proteins were not glycosylated, which was a major drawback since many of the immunogenic proteins of viruses such as the envelope glycoproteins, were glycosylated. Nevertheless, in many instances, it was demonstrated that the non-glycosylated protein backbone was just as immunogenic. The obvious advantage of recombinant viral antigens is that they are available in unlimited quantities and the production and quality control processes is simple. Advantages of defined using recombinant viral antigens: 1. Production and quality control is simple. 2. No nucleic acids or other viral or external proteins, therefore less toxic. 3. Safer in cases where viruses are oncogenic or establish a persistent infection. 4. Feasible even if virus cannot be cultivated Disadvantages: 1. May be less immunogenic than conventional inactivated whole-virus vaccines. 2. Requires adjuvant . 3. Fails to elicit CMI. Facts about Viral Antigens: 1. A Viral Protein Mimics its Way into cells. 2. Viral Protein Helps Infected T Cells Stick To Uninfected Cells. 3. The Viral Protein A238L Inhibits Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression through a Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cell-dependent Trans-activation Pathway. 4. Viral Protein is an effective preventative against ear infection. 5. HIV-1 Viral Protein R Induces Apoptosis via a Direct Effect on the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore. 6. The Level of Viral Antigen Presented by Hepatocytes Influences CD8 T-Cell Function. 7. Antigen-presenting cells from calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus, a member of the Flaviviridae, are not compromised in their ability to present viral antigen. 8. There is a difference in the distribution and spread of a viral antigen, development of lesions and correlation between presence of viral antigen and lesions. 9. The absence of viral antigens on the surface of equine herpesvirus-1-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a strategy to avoid complement-mediated lysis. 10. Viral Protein Influences Key Cell-signaling Pathway. 11. A viral protein produced by cancer-causing virus influences a key signaling pathway in the immune cells that the virus infects. This stimulates the cells to divide, helping the virus spread through the body. 12. Protection by recombinant viral proteins against a respiratory virulent avian metapneumovirus has been achieved. 13. Viral O-acetylesterases are found in influenza C viruses and Corona-viruses. Viral O-acetylesterases remove cellular receptors from the surface of target cells which destroys the receptor. Recombinant viral O-acetylesterases derived from Sf9 insect cells as chimeric proteins fused to eGFP specifically hydrolyze 9-O-acetylated sialic acids, while that of sialodacryoadenitis virus, a rat coronavirus related to mouse hepatitis virus, is specific for 4-O-acetylated sialic acid. The recombinant esterases were shown to specifically de-O-acetylate sialic acids on glycoconjugates. The recombinant viral proteins can be used to unambiguously identify O-acetylated acids.
- [Recombinant Protein](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/recombinant-protein/) - About Recombinant Proteins: Recombinant proteins are a new combination of genes that forms DNA. Recombinant DNA technology allows for the production of wild type and modified human and mammalian proteins at bulk quantities. Recombinant proteins are made from cloned DNA sequences which usually encode an enzyme or protein with known function Recombinant proteins are made through genetic engineering, also called gene splicing or recombinant DNA technology. By putting human, animal or plant genes into the genetic material of bacteria, mammalian or yeast cells, these microorganisms can be used as factories or producers to make proteins for medical, academic and research uses. A vector is simply a tool for manipulating DNA and can be viewed as a “transport vehicle” for the production of proteins from specific DNA sequences cloned into them. Purification and expression of a protein can sometimes be quite complicated & time-consuming, therefore an additional tag is used in addition to the specific DNA sequence which will facilitate the purification & expresion of the recombinant protein. Recombinant Proteins are proteins that their DNA that has been created artificially. DNA from 2 or more sources which is incorporated into a single recombinant molecule. The DNA is first treated with restriction endonuclease enzyme which the ends of the cut have an overhanging piece of single-stranded DNA. These are called “sticky ends” because they are able to base pair with any DNA molecule containing the complementary sticky end. DNA ligase covalently links the two strands into 1 recombinant DNA molecule. Recombinant DNA molecule must be replicated many times to provide material for analysis & sequencing. Producing many identical copies of the same recombinant DNA molecule is called cloning. Cloning is done in vitro, by a process called the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cloning in vivo can be done in unicellular microbessuch as E. coli, unicellular eukaryotes like yeast and in mammalian cells grown in tissue culture. Recombinant DNA must be taken up by the cell in a form in which it can be replicated and expressed. This is achieved by incorporating the DNA in a vector. A number of viruses (both bacterial and of mammalian cells) can serve as vectors. Recombinant DNA is also sometimes referred to as chimera. When combining two or more different strands of DNA.There are 3 different methods by which Recombinant DNA is made. 1. Transformation, 2. Phage-Transfection 3.Yeast, Plant & Mammalian Transformation. When using the method of transformation one needs to select a piece of DNA to be inserted into a vector, cut a piece of DNA with a restriction enzyme and ligate the DNA insert into the vector with DNA Ligase. The insert contains a selectable marker which allows for identification of recombinant molecules. An antibiotic marker is used in order to cause death for a host cell which does not contain the vector when exposed to a certain antibiotic. Trasnformation is the insertion of the vector into the host cell. The host cells are prepared to take up the foreign DNA. Selectable markers are used for antibiotic resistance, color changes, or any other characteristic which can distinguish transformed hosts from untransformed hosts. Yeast, Plant & Mammalian Transformation is done by micro-injecting the DNA into the nucleus of the cell being transformed. Phage-Transfection process, is equivalent to transformation except for the fact that phage lambda or MI3 is used instead of bacteria. These phages produce plaques which contain recombinant proteins which can be easily distinguished from the non-recombinant proteins by various selection methods. Significant amounts of recombinant protein are produced by the host only when expression genes are added. The Protein’s expression depends on the genes which surround the DNA of interest, this collection of genes act as signals which provide instructions for the transcription and translation of the DNA of interest by the cell. These signals include the promoter, ribosome binding site, and terminator. The recombinant DNA is inserted into expression vectors which contain the promoter, ribosome binding site, and terminator. In prokaryotic systems, the promoter, ribosome binding site, and terminator have to be from the same host since the bacteria is unlikely to understand the signals of human promoters and terminators. The designated gene must not contain human introns since the bacteria does not recognize it and this results in premature termination, and the recombinant protein may not be processed correctly, be folded correctly, or may even be degraded. The peptide sequence can be added as an extension at the N-terminal. Researchers can select the specific purification system which they would like to use. The unique vectors available contain several features needed for the production of bulk quantities of the target protein. The peptide sequence is usually placed in the vector so that it is designed to be a point of attack for a specific protease. Thus, after the recombinant protein is expressed and extracted from bacteria, specific peptide extension can be used to purify the protein and subsequently removed from the target protein to generate a nearly natural sequence on the final product. 6 or more consistent Histidine residues act as a metal binding site for recombinant protein purification and expression. The hexa-His sequence is called a His-Tag sequence which can be placed on the N-terminal of a target protein by using vectors from various commercial molecular biology companies. The His-Tag contains a cleavage site for a specific protease. His-Tag recombinant proteins are purified by Metal Chelate Affinity Chromatography such as nickel ion columns that are used as the heavy metal ion and the His-Tag protein is eluted from the metal-chelate column with Histidine or imidazole. Then the purified His-Tag protein is treated with the specific protease to cleave off the His-Tag or not if the tag doesn’t affect the active site of the protein. Proteins have metal binding sites which can be used for the purification of recombinant and natural proteins. This type of purification is rather simple when using a gel bead which is covalently modified so that it displays a chelator group for binding a heavy metal ion like Ni2+ or Zn2+. The chelating group on the gel bead contains a small amount of the ligands needed to hold the metal ion. So when the protein’s metal binding site finds the heavy metal, it will bind by providing the ligands from its metal binding site to attach to the metal ion displayed on the chelator location of the gel bead. This purification method is quite identical to affinity chromatography when purifying metal-binding class of proteins.
- [Natural Proteins](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/natural-proteins/) - About Natural Proteins: Natural proteins are biologically active molecules derived from natural sources and play essential roles in physiological and cellular processes. They are widely used in life science research, diagnostics, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical development due to their native structure, high biological activity, and functional reliability. Natural proteins support studies in areas such as cell signaling, enzyme activity, coagulation, immunity, and tissue regeneration, making them indispensable tools for accurate and reproducible experimental outcomes. Anti-Coagulation Factors: Our Anti-Coagulation Factors range under the Natural Proteins category comprises highly purified, biologically active proteins essential for research, diagnostics, and therapeutic development in hemostasis, thrombosis, and related life-science applications. These proteins are sourced and processed to ensure consistent performance, high purity, and functional integrity. Avidin: Avidin is a biotin-binding glycoprotein widely used in biochemical and immunological assays. Its strong affinity for biotin makes it invaluable in detection systems, affinity purification, and assay development involving coagulation and anticoagulation studies. Natural Coagulation Factors: This range includes naturally derived coagulation proteins that play critical roles in the blood clotting cascade. They are extensively used in coagulation research, assay calibration, and studies related to bleeding disorders and anticoagulant therapies. Fibronectin: Fibronectin is a high-molecular-weight extracellular matrix glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, migration, wound healing, and blood clot stabilization. It is commonly used in cell culture, hemostasis research, and studies of thrombosis and vascular biology. Thrombin: Thrombin is a key serine protease in the coagulation pathway, responsible for converting fibrinogen into fibrin during clot formation. It is widely utilized in coagulation assays, platelet function studies, and biomedical research applications. Aprotinin: Aprotinin is a natural protease inhibitor that inhibits serine proteases involved in fibrinolysis and coagulation. It is used in research related to anticoagulation, enzyme inhibition studies, and preservation of protein samples during experimental procedures.
- [Monoclonal Antibodies](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/monoclonal-antibodies/) - About Monoclonal Antibodies: Monoclonal Antibodies are cells derived by cell division from a single ancestral cell.Monoclonals are a class of antibodies with identical offspring of a hybridoma and are very specific for a particular location in the body derived from a single clone and can be grown indefinitely. Monoclonal Antibodies recognize and bind to antigens in order to discriminate between specific epitopes which provides protection against disease organisms. Monoclonal antibodies target various proteins that influence cell activity such as receptors or other proteins present on the surface of normal and cancer cells.The specificity of Monoclonal Antibodies allows its binding to cancerous cells by coupling a cytotoxic agent such as a strong radioactive which then seek outs to destroy the cancer cells while not harming the healthy ones. Tumor cells that are able to replicate endlessly are fused with mammalian cells that produce a specific antibody which result in fusion called hybridoma that continuously produce antibodies. Those antibodies are named monoclonal because they come from only 1 type of cell, which is the hybridoma cell. Antibodies that are produced by conventional methods and derived from preparations containing many kinds of cells are called polyclonal Antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies are artificially produced against a specific antigen in order to bind to their target antigens. Laboratory production of monoclonal antibodies is produced from clones of only 1 cell which means that every monoclonal antibody produced by the cell is the same. Fusion of cell culture myeloma cells with mammalian spleen cells antibodies result in hybrid cells/hybridomas which produces large amounts of monoclonal antibody. The cell fusion resulted in two different types of cells, one with the ability to grow continually, and the other with ability to produce bulk amounts of purified antibody. Hybrid cells produce only 1 exact antibody that is more pure than polyclonal antibodies produced by conventional techniques. Monoclonal Antibodies are far more effective than conventional drugs since drugs attack the foreign substance & the body’s own cells that cause harsh side effects & the monoclonal antibody only targets the foreign antigen/target molecule, without or only minor side effects. The presence of a large amount of a specific monoclonal antibody in the blood means that there is an abnormal protein. Typically this protein can be detected during a physical examination and is identified using a screening blood test called “protein electrophoresis. The source of abnormal production of monoclonal antibody is a small population of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Production of Monoclonal Antibodies: Process by which bulk quantities of targeted antibodies against a specific antigen are produced.Monoclonal antibodies are produced via multiple/identical copies of a certain cell called a hybridoma. To create Hybridoma cells the fusion of 2 cells are needed in order to combine the characteristics of the 2 cells into 1 cell. 1 of the cells is a producing cell antibody which is a B-Lymphocyte used from a laboratory mouse and the other is a tumor cell named myeloma. Tumor cells have the ability to grow indefinitely and at an exceeding rate from normal cell growth. Laboratroy produced Hybridoma cells replicate much faster than normal antibody producing cells, and the individual hybridomas produce the specific antibodies for an indefinite period of time. Hybridoma cells manufacture the specific monoclonal antibody that was originally produced by the B-Lymphocyte cell. The original B-Lymphocyte cell will produce the Monoclonal antibody depending on the kind of antigen that was injected into the mouse just prior to the harvesting of the B-Lymphocyte cells. A small example is, if the mice were injected with a certain virus, the mouse will have B-Lymphocytes that produce those specific virual antibodies. Fusion with a tumor cell to make the hybridoma, result in the production of monoclonal antibodies against the specific virus. The hybridoma cells are placed into media that can help them grow and produce the bulk quantities of monoclonal antibodies. There are 2 ways for growing monoclonal antibodies, 1 is to grow them in laboratory flasks meaning In Vitro, and the other is to grow them in the stomach lining of mice. Injecting the hybridomas into the mice is the familiar method of harvesting monoclonal antibodies. This method is done by mixing spleen cells from the mouse that has been immunized with the desired antigen with myeloma cells.The myeloma cells need to have lost their ability to synthesize HGPRT enzyme (hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyltransferase) which enables the cells to synthesize purines using an extracellular source of hypoxanthine as a precursor. Cells have another pathway that they synthesize purines so lack of HGPRT is not a problem for the cell but when cells are exposed to aminopterin they are unable to use this other pathway and are fully dependent on HGPRT for their survival. So to summarize, unfused myeloma cells can’t grow since they lack HGPRT and unfused normal spleen cells can’t grow since they have a limited life-span. Hybridoma cells are grow indefinitely since the spleen-cell copartner supplies HGPRT and the myeloma partner is immortal. The first step is transferring of the cell fusion mixture to HAT culture medium which contains hypoxanthine, aminopterin & pyrimidine thymidine. The 2nd step is testing the supernatants from each culture in order to locate the producing the desired antibody. One must isolate the single cells from each antibody-positive culture and subculture them, this represents the clone which its antibodies are monoclonal. Every single cell culture secretes a specific kind of antibody that is directed against a certain determinant/selected antigen. The 3rd step is scaling up the size of the cultures of the successful clones. Hybridoma cultures can be grown indefinitely in vitro in culture vessels which yield 15-65 µg/ml and in vivo using mouse, where the antibody concentration in the serum 0.5-15 mg/ml. In the past years, animal welfare activists in worldwide are trying to limit the use of mice for the production of monoclonal antibodies. When the monoclonal antibody is produced it can be used as a probe to track down, bind to and purify the specific protein that induced its formation.
- [Polyclonal Antibodies](https://biolinkk.com/category/highly-purified-proteins/polyclonal-antibodies/) - About Polyclonal Antibodies: Polyclonal antibodies (abbreviated as pAbs) are created in the body by B Cells. Their primary purpose is to act against certain antigens in the body. They do this by identifying different epitopes on a given antigen. Production of Polyclonal Antibodies These antibodies have the benefit of being fairly easy and fast to produce. Furthermore, they’re cost effective too. Production of these antibodies is far more straightforward than the production of, say, monoclonal antibodies.]. The production process follows a five-step approach that begins with preparing the antigen. Following this, an adjuvant is chosen and prepared to act and respond to the antigen. Step three is the simplest step in which an animal is selected. A solution containing both the antigen and adjuvant is injected into the animal. These injections continue over a set period until the animal has produced the desired antibody. The final step involves taking blood from the animal and extracting the polyclonal antibodies from it for further use. Advantages of Polyclonal Antibodies As mentioned previously, one of the advantages of polyclonal antibodies is how easy and cheap they are to produce. However, the fact that these antibodies can identify various epitopes on a given antigen creates a plethora of further advantages. These antibodies are much better at withstanding small changes within an antigen compared to an alternative; monoclonal antibodies They can detect and identify denatured proteins in the body. They have an increased chance of connecting with antigens due to their production from B Cells. PAbs have the ability to remain stable even when subjected to a diversity of pH values and different concentrations of salt. PAbs can be manufactured in large batches due to how easy they are to produce. This can save time and money for those that need them. Disadvantages of Polyclonal Antibodies While there are many disadvantages to using these antibodies, they’re far from perfect. Below, you will see some of the main drawbacks they pose. One batch of polyclonal antibodies can be completely different to another batch. As such, you are never guaranteed to have the same batch with the same level of effectiveness. They’re prone to producing a lot of antibodies that have no set purpose. These antibodies can then cause distractions and disruptions when used in an application. When compared to mAbs (monoclonal antibodies) pAbs were found to have significantly lower levels of concentration. Furthermore, it’s also suggested the purity is lower in pAbs too. Uses of Polyclonal Antibodies These antibodies are found to have numerous uses in various industries. Primarily, they’re used throughout the pharmaceutical world. Polyclonal antibodies known as Digoxin Immune Fab are used to help people suffering from toxic poisoning brought on as a side effect from taking too much digoxin medication. Another polyclonal antibody, Rho(D) immune globulin, has been used to help pregnant mothers. It acts to stop hemolytic disease being passed onto a newborn baby through the mother. There are various other uses for this antibody, but these are the main ones right now. Research is constantly ongoing to find more uses for polyclonal antibodies in the pharmaceutical industry.